野性的呼唤阅读答案【篇一：期末复习综合练习题及参考答案】txt>一、填空题1．少年儿童文学具有2．少年文学成长母题中，其核心内容是。
3．在阅读过程中，学生遇到不能理解或解决的疑难，这就要求他们 4．童话最基本的特征是其丰富多彩的想象和5．托物言志是6是我国民主主义革命时期伟大的人民教育家，也是著名的儿童诗作家。
7．1921年，郑振铎创办了中国现代最早的儿童文学刊物8．英国作家王尔德的童话塑造了快乐王子和小燕子的美好形象。
9．进入20世纪后，美国教育家杜威提出的教育体系。
10．法国作家凡尔纳是十九世纪著名的科幻作家，被誉为11．少年读者的年龄特征指由于因素所形成的一切人格特征的总和。
12．少年文学作者的基本素质要求是人格魅力和。
13．文学阅读对于陶冶学生性情，开阔学生视野，提高学生具有重要意义。
14．通过文学阅读活动，可以帮助学生提高思维能力，培养创新能力。
15．少年更多地倾向于诗，喜爱这种长于张扬个性的表达方式。
16．明代吴承恩小说创造一个神奇超人故事，在少年读者中产生广泛影响。
17．五四时期最有影响的儿童文学是以为本位的。
18．鲁迅最坚决地抨击封建儿童读物中的传统礼教，喊出了19．公元前6世纪问世的印度的 20．1789年，法国思想家卢梭发表了震惊世界的教育小说。
21．少年儿童文学艺术样式上的独特性，根源于读者对象的年龄特征，而决定这个特征的因素是、和社会化程度。
22．少年儿童文学有别于成人文学有四大特征，其中术样式的总体特征。
23．《北风和太阳》是它给予人们的教训是。
24．少年儿童文学鉴赏是一种艺术思维活动，具有、25．《再寄小读者》是的儿童散文作品。
二、单项选择题1．描写中学生时代的学习说和成长经历的作品一般称为（）小说 a青春校园b青春美好c青春社会d青春浪漫2．儿童成长的标志应该是（）成长。
a心灵 b身体c性格 d知识3．中学生读物中文学类型读物重在（）a审美怡情 b传达知识c宣讲思想 d理性思考4．从小说内容分类来说，《钢铁是怎样炼成的》应属于（）类作品。
a历史小说b生活小说c惊险小说d传记小说5．少年文学评论对作品评价应坚持（）的态度。
a肯定为主b实事求是c热情鼓励d批评为主6．当代儿童科学文艺创作中，以（）的创作最有影响。
a张天翼 b孙幼军c高士其 d任大霖7．周作人是现代儿童文学研究的先驱，他翻译了安徒生著名童话（）。
a《快乐王子》 b《小彼得》c《皇帝的新装》d《桃色的云》a 现实主义b 浪漫主义 \c 批判精神 d人本主义9．二十世纪童话发展的一大趋势是通过（）表现作家对人生与自我的追问与思考。
a想象 b 夸张c 幻想 d批判10．丹麦作家安徒生的童话具有深刻的（）思想，充满对人生命运的感悟。
a 现实主义 b浪漫主义c批判精神 d人文主义11．少年从儿童向成人转变，最具有标志性的是确立。
a责任感 b成人感c好奇心 d上进心12．少年文学作者要成为少年读者精神上可以信赖的。
a老师b长辈c朋友d同路人13．家长应针对中学生的阅读心理，鼓励中学生读些书。
a顺情 b逆情c超难 d娱乐14．世界著名的，被誉为西方寓言的始祖。
a《百喻经》b《伊索寓言》c《五卷书》d《世说新语》15．古代神话，通过少女变鸟的幻想故事，表现人类与大自然抗争的不屈不挠精神。
a《女娲补天》b《精卫填海》c《夸父追日》d《后羿射日》16．鲁迅在小说《故乡》中塑造了有浓郁乡土气息的少年形象a闰土b双喜c阿发d“我”17．张天翼《宝葫芦的秘密》塑造了宝物宝葫芦和少年将幻想与现实融为一体。
a大林 b小林c王葆 d 罗文应18．从欧洲文艺复兴运动开始，儿童教育发生了根本性转变，回到 a人文主义 b神学观念c贵族教育 d成人文化19．20世纪的少年儿童文学创作，儿童成了少年儿童文学的。
a教育对象b主人公c欣赏对象d思考着20．法国作家凡尔纳的科幻小说大多采用a冒险旅行 b灯下漫谈c科学考察 d调查访问21．少年童年文学常用的艺术手法有()。
a.拟人写实夸张b.夸张写实幽默c.象征拟人幽默d象征夸张幽默22．少年儿童文学的三大层次是指（）。
a.婴儿文学幼儿文学儿童文学b.婴幼儿文学童年期文学少年期文学c.童年期文学学龄期文学少年期文学d. 婴儿文学童年期文学青年期文学23．《特别法庭》的作者是（）。
a.郑渊洁b.周锐c.彭学军d曹文轩24．《字典公公家里的争吵》是一篇著名的（）。
a.儿童故事b.儿童诗c.寓言d散文25．从童话的形象看，《猪八戒吃西瓜是》（）。
a.拟人体童话b.超人体童话c.常人体童话 d变异体童话26．以（）分，儿童故事可分为文字故事和图画故事。
a.作者b.内容c.表现形式 d 表达方式27．童话最显著的艺术特征是（）。
a.幻想性b.夸张性c.趣味性 d形象性28．童话大师安徒生一生写下了160多篇童话作品，其代表作有（）。
a.《快乐王子》b.《七色花》c.《豌豆上的公主》 d《母亲的故事》 29．少年前期儿童最喜欢的体裁是（）。
a．诗歌 b．小说 c．童话 d．散文30．《快乐王子》、《狼群与羊群》、《金色花》的作者分别是（）。
a．安徒生莱辛冰心三、多项选择题1．儿童文学的三大母题一般是指（）a知识的母题 b爱的母题 c顽童的母题 d自然地母题2．寓言在世界上有三大发祥地，即（）a中国 b埃及 c希腊d印度3．五四时期，儿童小说的代表作品有（）a《故乡》 b《落花生》 c《阿菊》 d《寂寞》4．新中国成立后，童话创作获得丰收，代表作品如（）a《小兵张嘎》b《宝葫芦的秘密》c《猪八戒新传》d《小布头奇遇记》5．瑞典作家林格伦是20世纪儿童文学的一面旗帜，她的童话代表作如（） a《长袜子皮皮》 b《淘气包埃米尔》 c《大侦探小卡莱》d《皇帝的新装》6．少年文学的题材类型一般有。
【篇二：六级阅读理解练习】nit1passage onein order to produce commercial records, an original record must first be made. it is a flat disc, usually made of aluminum coated with a soft layer of lacquer. as the disc is rotated, a sapphire or ruby stylus cuts a continuous groove in thelacquer coating. the stylus travels around the disc, making an impression that corresponds to the amplitude and frequencyof the sound being recorded. when completed, the originalmay be played back to re-create the original recorded sound.if the sound produced by the original record is satisfactory,the original is coated with silver to conduct electricity, andthen electroplated with nickel. when the original is stripped away, a negative of the original remains, with a raised spiral pattern corresponding to the grooves in the original. the negative is called a master matrix.next, the master matrix is electroplated with nickel to producea positive of the original. the positive is called a mother matrix. by electroplating the mother matrix with nickel and stripping it away, stampers are produced. stampers are negatives of the original record from which the final records may be pressed.one stamper for each side of the record is placed on eitherside of a hydraulic press. a perform of shellac compound or plastic is placed between the stampers. the press is heatedand closed. when an impression of the stampers has beenmade in the material, the press is quickly cooled and opened. the grooves in the finished record correspond to those in the original lacquer disc.1. what is the purpose of silver in making commercial records?a. it strips away the original record.b. it cuts a groove in the original record.c. it aids in electroplating the original record.d. it makes an impression on the stamper2. the mother matrix is a (an) __________.a. negative of the original recordb. stamperc. original recordd. record made from a master matrix3. why is lacquer used to coat the aluminum disc?a. because it conducts electricity.b. because it can be cut by a stylus.c. because it cools quickly.d. because it protects the impression in the aluminum.4. performs are made of ________.a. nickel or silverb. sapphire or rubyc. shellac or plasticd. aluminum or lacquer5. commercial records are made directly from a (an)__________.a. original recordb. master matrixc. mother matrixd. stamperspassage twoglobal reserves of fresh water add up to more than 37 million cubic kilometers, enough to fill the mediterranean 10 times over. more than three-fourths of this water is bound up in glaciers and polar ice, however, where it is largely beyond the reach of present technology. almost all the rest consists of water in underground aquifers, which are not yet exploited intensively. the main sources of supply --- the waters of lakes and rivers and the water vapor in the atmosphere --- make up less than 1 percent of the total.the ultimate source of fresh water is the continuous distillation of the oceans by solar radiation. the annual evaporation of water (including transpiration by plants) is roughly 500,000 cubic kilometers, of which 430,000 comes from the oceans and the remaining 70,000 from wares on the continents. because the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere is essentially constant the same amount of water must fall back to the surface as rain and snow. it is of vital importance to terrestrial life that a disproportionate share of this precipitation falls on land. whereas the continents lose 70,000 cubic kilometers of water to evaporation, they receive 110,000 from precipitation, so that the net effect of thehydrologic cycle is to transfer some 40,000 cubic kilometers of fresh water each year from the oceans to the continents.although the net continental influx is 40,000 cubic kilometers per year, not all of it is available for man’s use. much is lost through floods or is held in the soil or in swamps. the maximum that might reasonably be applied to human purposes is about 14,000 cubic kilometers per year, which is the base flow, or stable runoff excluding flood waters, of all the world’s rivers and streams and of those isolated underground aquifers that discharge directly through evaporation. of this volume about 5,000 cubic kilometers flow in regions that are uninhabited and are likely to remain so because they are climatically unsuited to human settlement. hence the effective world water resource, from which all needs will have to be met for some years to come, is about 9,000 cubic kilometers per year.6. of all the reserves of fresh water in the world, about three-fourths is __________.a. consumed by glaciers and polar iceb. in solid formc. out of the reach of present technologyd. converted into sea water annually7. fresh water, as the passage states, originates from________.a. the water vapor in the atmosphereb. lakes and riversc. sea water through distillation by solar radiationd. both a and b8. based on context clues, we can know that “precipitation” means _________.a. the evaporation of water from the landb. the water reserves on landc. the unevenly-distributed rain and snow fallsd. water falling in the form of rain and snow9. every year the continents get back _________.a. the same amount of water as is lost to evaporationb. less water than that which is lost to evaporationc. more water than that which is lost to evaporationd. different amounts of water based on weather conditions10. the end of the passage implies that the water finally available for mankind to utilize each year__________.a. is enough to meet all human needsb. is a little more than enough for all human needsc. is not adequate for all human needsd. is adequate now but will not be enough for some years to comepassage threefinnish-born botanist william nylander taught at the university of helsinki for a number of years and later moved to paris, where he lived until his death at the end of the nineteenth century. during the second half of the last century, he became a prominent figure in the field of lichen logy.botanists from all over the world sent samples to his laboratory to be analyzed and classified. it can be said without exaggeration that four out of five lichens bear his name.he was the first to realize the importance of using chemical reagents in the taxonomy of lichens. he selected the most common used by the chemists of his time. lichenologists all over the world still use these reagents, including tincture of iodine and hypochlorite, in their laboratories. during the first half of the twentieth century, a japanese named arahina added only one chemical product--- p- phenol diamines.nylander was also responsible for discovering that the atmosphere of big cities hindered the lichens’ development and caused them to disappear. now they are used to detect atmospheric pollution.nevertheless, he considered lichens to be simple plants and vehemently opposed the widely accepted modern theories that lichens are a compound species formed by two discordant elements: algae and fungi.11. internationally renowned scientists sent lichen samples to nylander because ___________.a. he considered them to be simple plantsb. he used reagents to determine their usec. he analyzed and classified themd. he collected and preserved them12. which of the following is not true?a. nylander accepted his colleagues’ theories on the composition of lichens.b. eighty percent of lichens bear nylander’s name.c. today lichens are used to detect atmospheric pollution.d. most botanists consider lichens to be a compound species.13. all of the following are true about nylander except___________.a. he was the first to use chemical reagents in the taxonomy of lichensb. he believed that lichens were simple plantsc. he was an esteemed lichenologistd. he taught botany at the university of paris14. according to accepted nineteenth- century theories, which two elements form the composition of lichens?a. iodine and chemical reagentsb. algae and fungic. hypochlorite and iodined. chemical reagents and atmospheric chemicals15. how could william nylander best be described?a. degenerateb. domineeringc. ingeniousd. anxiouspassage fourhere in the united states, before agricultural activities destroyed the natural balance, there were great migrations of rocky mountain locusts (melanoplus spretus). great migrating hordes of these insects once darkened the skies on the plains east of the rockies where crops were often destroyed; the worst years were those from 1874 to 1877. one of these migrating swarms was estimated to contain 124 billion locusts. during another migration in nebraska it was estimated that the swarm of locusts averaged half a mile high and was 100 miles wide and 300 miles long. usually, these swarms take off from the ground against the wind, but, once airborne, they turn and fly with it. warm convection currents help to lift them, often to great heights. during the great locust plagues the situation in nebraska became so serious that the original state constitution had to be rewritten to take care of the economic problems. the new document was known as “the grasshopper constitution.” it is now believed that these locusts were a migratory form or phase of the lesser migratory locust, which is still commonthere. in this respect, the north american migratory locusts resemble their african relatives. in both regions the migratory forms arise as a result of crowding and climatic factors. migratory forms are apparently natural adaptations which bring about dispersal when locust populations become too crowded. fortunately for our farmers, the migratory form --- the so- called spretus species ---- no longer seems to occur regularly, although there was a serious outbreak as late as 1938 in midwestern united states and canada. actually, there is no reason why the destructive migratory form might not again appear if circumstances should become favorable.16. which of the following is the best title for the passage?a. the life cycle of locustsb. migratory locusts in the united statesc. locust plagues in nebraskad. the reproductive capability of the locust17. according to the passage, the worst destruction by locusts in the plains area east of the rockies occurred during ________.a. eighteenth centuryb. early nineteenth centuryc. late nineteenth centuryd. twentieth century18. it can be inferred from the passage that the state constitution of nebraska was rewritten in order to _________.a. make the constitution more understandable to the public.b. encourage farmers to leave the statec. solve difficulties that resulted from loss of cropsd. provide for a regular census of the locust population19. according to the passage, north american and african migratory locusts are similar in that_________.a. they always travel toward mountainous regionsb. climates affect their developmentc. they destructive activities occur only in plains areasd. they are both mentioned in state constitutions20. which of the following is not mentioned in the passage as influencing the migration of locusts?a. darknessb. agricultural activitiesc. warm air currentsd. overcrowding【篇三：2016届重庆市重庆渝中区巴蜀中学高三上学期期中考试语文(解析版)】/p> 1．依次填入下列各句横线处的成语，最恰当的一组是（）①在媒体属性强烈的微博之上，用户更多以获取信息为主；而在朋友属性强烈的微信之上，用户则是在朋友圈里分享体验。