发动机中英文术语发动机 engine内燃机 intenal combusiton engine动力机装置 power unit汽油机 gasoline engine汽油喷射式汽油机 gasoline-injection engine火花点火式发动机 spark ignition engine压燃式发动机 compression ignition engine往复式内燃机 reciprocating internal combustion engine 化油器式发动机 carburetor engine柴油机 diesel engine转子发动机 rotary engine旋轮线转子发动机 rotary trochoidal engine二冲程发动机 two-stroke engine四冲程发动机 four-stroke engine直接喷射式柴油机 direct injection engine间接喷射式柴油机 indirect injection engine增压式发动机 supercharged engine风冷式发动机 air-cooled engine油冷式发动机 oil-cooled engine水冷式发动机 water-cooled engine自然进气式发动机 naturally aspirated engine煤气机 gas engine液化石油气发动机 liquified petroleum gas engine柴油煤气机 diesel gas engine多种燃料发动机 multifuel engine石油发动机 hydrocarbon engine双燃料发动机 duel fuel engine热球式发动机 hot bulb engine多气缸发动机 multiple cylinder engine对置活塞发动机 opposed piston engine对置气缸式发动机 opposed-cylinder engine十字头型发动机 cross head engine直列式发动机 in-line engine星型发动机 radial engine筒状活塞发动机 trunk-piston engine斯特林发动机 stirling engine套阀式发动机 knight engine气孔扫气式发动机 port-scavenged engine倾斜式发动机 slant engine前置式发动机 front-engine后置式发动机 rear-engine中置式发动机 central engine左侧发动机 left-hand engine右侧发动机 right-hand engine短冲程发动机 oversquare engine长冲程发动机 undersquare engine等径程发动机 square engine顶置凸轮轴发动机 overhead camshaft engine双顶置凸轮轴发动机 dual overhead camshaft engine V形发动机 V-engine顶置气门发动机 valve in-head engine侧置气门发动机 side valve engine无气门发动机 valveless engine多气门发动机 multi-valve engine卧式发动机 horizontal engine斜置式发动机 inclined engine立式发动机 vertical engineW形发动机 w-engineI形发动机 I-engineL形发动机 L-engineF形发动机 F-engine二冲程循环 two-stroke cycle四冲程循环 four-stroke cycle狄塞尔循环 diesel cycle奥托循环 otto cycle混合循环 mixed cycle定容循环 constant volume cycle工作循环 working cycle等压循环 constant pressure cycle理想循环 ideal cycle热力循环 thermodynamic cycle冲程 stroke活塞行程 piston stroke长行程 long stroke上行程 up stroke下行程 down stroke进气行程 intake stroke充气行程 charging stroke压缩行程 compression stroke爆炸行程 explosion stroke膨胀行程 expansion stroke动力行程 power stroke排气行程 exhaust stroke膨胀换气行程 expansion-exchange stroke换气压缩行程 exchange-compression stroke止点 dead center上止点 top dead center(upper dead center)下止点 lower dead center(bottom dead center)上止点前 budc(before upper dead center)上止点后 atdc(after top dead cetner)下止点前 bbdc(before bottom dead center)下止点后 abdc(after bottom dead center)缸径 cylinder bore缸径与行程 bore and stroke空气室 energy chamber气缸余隙容积 cylinder clearance volume燃烧室容积 combustion chamber volume气缸最大容积 maximum cylinder volume压缩室 compression chamber排气量 displacement发动机排量 engine displacement活塞排量 piston swept volume气缸容量 cylinder capacity单室容量 single-chamber capacity容积法 volumetry压缩比 compression ratio临界压缩比 critical compression ratio膨胀比 expansion ratio面容比 surface to volume ratio行程缸径比 stroke-bore ratio混合比 mixture ratio压缩压力 compression pressure制动平均有效压力 brake mean effective pressure(bmep) 空燃比 air fuel ratio燃空比 fuel air ratio燃料当量比 fuel equivalence ratio扭矩 torque单缸功率 power per cylinder升功率 power per liter升扭矩 torque per liter升质量 mass per liter减额功率 derating power输出马力 shaft horsepower马力小时，马力时 horsepower-hour总马力 gross horse power总功率 gross power净功率 net power燃油消耗量 fuel consumption比燃料消耗率 specific fuel consumption空气消耗率 air consumption机油消耗量 oil consumption有效马力 net horse power额定马力 rated horse power马力重量系数 horsepower-weight factor制动功率 brake horse power制动热效率 brake thermal efficiency总效率 overall efficiency排烟极限功率 smoke limiting horsepower功率曲线 power curve机械损失 mechanical loss机械效率 mechanical efficiency有效热效率 effective thermal efficiency充气系数 volumetric efficiency过量空气系数 coefficient of excess air适应性系数 adaptive coefficient扭矩适应性系数 coefficient of torque adaptibility 转速适应性系数 speed adaptive coefficient强化系数 coefficient of intensification校正系数 correction factor换算系数 conversion factor活塞平均速度 mean piston speed发动机转速 engine speed (rotational frequency)怠速转速 idling speed经济转速 economic speed起动转速 starting speed最低稳定工作转速 lowest continuous speed with load 最大扭矩转速 speed at maximum torque最高空转转速 maximum no load governed speed调速 speed governing超速 overspeed怠速 idling转速波动率 speed fluctuation rate工况 working condition(operating mode)额定工况 declared working condition变工况 variable working condition稳定工况 steady working condition空载 no-load全负荷 full load超负荷 overload部分负荷 part load充量（进气） charge旋转方向 direction of rotation顺时针 clockwise逆时针 counter-clockwise左转 left-hand rotation右转 right-hand rotation外径 major diameter中径 pitch diameter内径 minor diameter径向间隙 radial clearance发动机性能 engine performance加载性能 loading performance起动性能 starting performance加速性能 acceleration performance动力性能 power performance排放性能 emission performance空转特性 no load characteristics负荷特性 part throttle characteristics调速特性 governor control characteristics 万有特性 mapping characteristics稳定调速率 steady state speed governing rate 气缸体和气缸盖 cylinder block and head气缸体 cylinder block整体铸造 cast inblock (cast enblock)发动机罩 engine bonnet气缸体加强筋 engine block stiffening rib气缸 cylinder（转子机）缸体 stator缸径 cylinder bore气缸体机架 cylinder block frame气缸盖 cylinder head配气机构箱 valve mechanism casing气缸体隔片 cylinder spacer气缸盖密封环 cylinder head ring gasket气缸盖垫片 cylinder head gasket气缸套 cylinder liner(cylinder sleeve)干式缸套 dry cylinder liner湿式缸套 wet cylinder liner气缸水套 water jacket膨胀塞 expansion plug防冻塞 freeze plug气缸壁 cylinder wall环脊 ring ridge排气口 exhaust port中间隔板 intermediate bottum导板 guideway创成半径（转子机） generating radius缸体宽度（转子机） operating width机柱 column燃烧室 combustion chamber主燃烧室 main combustion chamber副燃烧室 subsidiary combustion chamber预燃室 prechamber涡流燃烧室` swirl combustion chamber分开式燃烧室 divided combustion chamber涡流式燃烧室 turbulence combustion chamber半球形燃烧室 hemispherical combustion chamber浴盆形燃烧室 bathtub section combustion chamberL形燃烧室 L-combustion chamber楔形燃烧室 wedge-section combustion chamber开式燃烧室 open combustion chamber封闭喷射室 closed spray chamber活塞顶内燃烧室 piston chamber爆发室 explosion chamber燃烧室容积比 volume ratio of combustion cahmber燃烧室口径比 surface-volume ratio of combustion chamber 通道面积比 area ratio of combustion chamber passage曲轴箱通气口 crankcase breather凸轮轴轴承座 camshaft bearing bush seat定时齿轮室罩 camshaft drive(gear)cover曲轴箱检查孔盖 crankcase door曲轴箱防爆门 crankcase explosion proof door主轴承盖 main bearing cap气缸盖罩 valve mechanism cover飞轮壳 flywheel cover扫气储器 scavenging air receiver活塞 piston裙部开槽活塞 split skirt pistonU形槽活塞 U-slot piston滚花修复活塞 knurled piston圆顶活塞 dome head piston平顶活塞 flat head piston凸顶活塞 crown head piston(convex head piston)凹顶活塞 concave head piston阶梯顶活塞 step-head piston筒形活塞 trunk piston椭圆形活塞 oval piston抗热变形活塞 autothermic piston不变间隙活塞 constant clearance piston镶因瓦钢片活塞 invar strut piston直接冷却式活塞 direct-cooled piston间接冷却式活塞 indirect cooled piston滑裙活塞 slipper piston活塞速度 piston speed活塞顶部 piston head活塞裙部 piston skirt整体活塞裙 solid skirt活塞裙扩大衬簧 piston skirt expander滑履式活塞裙 slipper skirt隔热槽 heat dam活塞标记 piston mark活塞销 piston pin活塞销孔 piston pin boss活塞销衬套 piston pin bushing全浮式活塞销 full-floating piston pin半浮式活塞销 semifloating piston pin固定螺钉式活塞销 set screw piston pin活塞环 piston ring组合式活塞环 compound piston ring同心活塞环 concentric piston ring偏心活塞环 eccentric piston ring自由环 free ring闭合环 closed ring梯形环 keystone ring半梯形环 half keystone ring矩形环 rectangular ring油环 oil control ring开槽油环 slotted oil control ring螺旋弹簧加载双坡口油环 coil spring loaded slotted oil control ring 涨环 expander双坡口油环 double bevelled oil control ring内上坡口 internal bevel top内下坡口 internal bevel bottom边缘坡口油环 bevelled-ege oil control ring刮油环 scrapper ring钩形环 napier ring镀铬活塞环 chrome plated piston ring活塞衬环 piston ring expander活塞环槽 piston ring groove活塞环区 ring zone活塞环岸 piston ring land活塞环内表面 back of ring曲柄连杆机构 connecting rod中心曲柄连杆机构 central-located connecting rod偏心曲柄连杆机构 offset connecting rod铰接曲柄边杆机构 hinged connecting rod 连杆 connecting rod连杆小头 connecting rod small end连杆大头 connnecting rod big end连杆杆身 connecting rod shank副连杆 slave connecting rod叉形连杆 fork-and-blade connecting rod 主连杆 main connecting rod方形连杆 boxed rod绞链式连杆 hinged type connecting rod 活节式连杆 articulated connecting rod 连杆盖 connecting rod cap连杆轴承 connecting rod bearing曲轴 crankshaft整体式曲轴 one-piece crankshaft组合式曲轴 assembled crankshaft右侧曲轴 right-hand crankshaft左侧曲轴 left-hand crankshaft改变行程的曲轴stroked crankshaft曲轴前端 crankshaft front end曲轴主轴颈 crankshaft main journal轴颈重叠度 shaft journal overlap圆角 fillet主轴承main bearing曲轴止推轴承 crankshaft thrust bearing 薄臂轴瓦 thin wall bearing shell曲轴油道 crankshaft oil passage曲柄 crank曲柄臂 crank arm曲柄销 crank pin轴套 bush曲柄转角 crank angle曲柄半径 crank radius抛油圈 oil slander角度轮 degree wheel动平衡机 dynamic balancer平衡重 balancer weight扭振减振器 torshional vibration damper 扭振平衡器 torsion balancer谐振平衡器 harmonic balancer振动平衡器 vibration balancer曲轴链轮 crankshaft sprocket转子轴颈 rotor journal偏心轴 eccentric shaft曲轴箱 crankcase闭式曲轴箱通风装置 closed-crankcase ventilating system 飞轮 flywheel飞轮齿圈 flywheel ring gear飞轮芯棒 cantilever飞轮芯轴 flywheel spindle飞轮的惯量矩 flywheel moment of inertia飞轮标记 flywheel mark当量系统 equivalent system当量轴长 equivalent shaft length一级往复惯性力 reciprocating inertia force,1st order 二级往复贯性力 reciprocating inertia force, 2nd order 离心惯性力 centrifugal inertia force配气机构 valve gear凸轮轴 camshaft凸轮 cam整体式凸轮轴 one-piece camshaft组合式凸轮轴 assembled camshaft凸轮轴驱动机构 camshaft drive赛车用凸轮轴 race camshaft凸轮轴轴颈 camshaft bearing journal凸轮轴轴承 camshaft bearing凸轮轴偏心轮 camshaft eccentric凸轮轴链轮 camshaft sprocket凸轮轴正时齿轮camshaft timing gear凸轮轴齿轮 camshaft gear wheel进口凸轮 inlet cam排气凸轮exhaust cam快升凸轮quick lift cam快升缓降凸轮quick lift gradual clsing cam凸轮轮廓 cam contour凸轮包角 cam angle凸轮升程 cam-lobe lift凸轮尖 cam nose凸轮从动件 cam follower齿轮传动机构gear drive正时齿轮 timing gear链传动机构 chain drive链轮 sprocket wheel链轮盘 chain sprocket正时链条 timing chain带齿皮带 toothed timing belt链条张紧轮 chain tension gear半速齿轮 half speed gear正时齿轮刻印记号 timing gear punch mark气门 valve进气过程 intake process换气过程 gas exchange process扫气过程 scavenging process给气比 delivery ratio分层充气 stratified charge充量系数 volumetric efficiency涡流比 swirl rate进气涡流 intake swirl螺旋进气道进气 helical duct intake导流屏式气门进气 masked valve intake切向进气道进气 tangential duct intake进气紊流 intake trubulence进气提前角 intake advance angle进气持续角 intake duration angle进气迟后角 intake lag angle进面值 time-area value气门升程 valve lift气门正时 valve timing扫气口面积 scavenging port area菌形气门 mashroom valve, poppet valve钠冷却气门 sodium filled valve(natrium cooled valve) 双气门 dual valve进气门 intake valve (suction valve,inlet valve)排气门 exhaust valve顶置气门 overhead valve侧置气门 side valve倾斜气门 inclined overhead valve直立气门 vertical overhead valve套筒式滑阀 sleeve valve气门机构 valve gear直接式气门驱动机构 direct valve gear间接式气门驱动机构 indirect valve gear气门杆 valve stem加大气门杆 oversize valve stem气门头 valve head气门工作面 valve face气门边限 valve margin气门弹簧座 valve-spring retainer气门锁片 valve key气门间隙调节螺钉 valve lash adjusting screw气门旋转器 valve rotator气门室 valve cage气门油封 valve oil seal气门口 valve port气门座 valve seat气门座镶圈（嵌镶式气门座圈）valve seat insert(valve seat ring) 气门座锥角 valve seat angle气门座宽度 valve seat width气门挺杆 valve tappet(valve lifter)液力挺杆 hydraulic tappet(lifter)无间隙挺杆 zero-rush tappet (non-clearance tappet)筒形挺杆 barrel type tappet油压挺杆 ooil tappet滚轮挺杆roller tappet(lifter)挺杆转位 tappet rotation排气门挺杆 exhaust valve lifter气门导管 valve guide气门杆导管 stem guide气门重叠度 stem overlap气门开启持续时间 valve duration气门正时标记 valve timing sign气门弹簧 valve spring气门内弹簧 inner valve spring气门外弹簧 outer valve spring刚性缓冲弹簧 stiff buffer spring上紧弹簧 energizing spring防振气门弹簧 non-surging spring弹簧座圈 spring retainer蝶形弹簧 belleville spring滚柱 roller气门室盖 valve chamber cover摇臂 rocker arm高升程摇臂 high lift rocker arm摇臂轴 rocker arm shaft推杆 push-rod摇臂支架 rocker arm bracket气门摇臂室罩 valve rocker chamber cover导向轮 guide wheel导杆 slide bar导轨 slide rail张紧轮 tensioning wheel链条张紧调节装置 assembly chain tension adjuster张紧带轮 tensioning pulley传动带张紧装置 belt tensioner同步驱动皮带 synchronous belt同步驱动皮轮 synchronous belt pulley供油系 fuel system控制燃烧系统 controlled combustion system反湿气装置 antipercolator电子燃油喷射 electronic fuel injection蒸气回收装置 vapor recovery system燃油蒸气回收系统 fuel vapor recovery system液体回收装置 liquid withdrawal system恒量净化管 constant purge line碳罐净化管 canister purge line供油量 fuel delivery循环供油量 fuel delivery per cycle额定供油量 rated fuel delivery怠速供油量 idling speed fuel delivery供油规律 fuel supply rate curve油量调节装置 fuel control unit供油提前角 fuel supply advance angle进油计量 inlet metering几何供油行程 geometric fuel delivery stroke供油率 fuel supply rate燃油通道 fuel gallery有效行程 effective stroke剩余行程 remainder stroke变行程计量 variable stroke metering等容卸载 constant volume unloading变容卸载 variable volume unloading收缩容积 retraction volume燃油喷油装置 fuel injection equipment燃油喷射泵 fuel injection pump滚轮式燃油喷射泵 roll fuel injection pump凸轮轴式燃油喷射泵 camshaft fuel injection pump直列式燃油喷射泵 in-line fuel injection pump伺服式燃油喷射泵 servo fuel injection pump底部突缘安装燃油喷射泵base flanged mounted fuel injection pump 上部安装燃油喷射泵 high flanged-mounted fuel injection pump侧向安装燃油喷射泵 side-mounted fuel injection pump端部突缘安装式燃油喷射泵 end flange-mounted fuel injection pump V形燃油喷射泵 vee fuel injection pump脉动式燃油喷射泵 jerk fuel injection pump螺纹安装燃油喷射泵 screw-mounted fuel injection pump蓄能式燃油喷射泵 accumulator fuel injection pump往复式燃油喷射泵 reciprocating fuel injection pump驱动轴式燃油喷射泵 driveshaft fuel injection pump单缸式燃油喷射泵 single cylinder fuel injection pump圆柱式燃油喷射泵 cylindrical fuel injection pump旋转式燃油喷射泵 rotary fuel injection pump分配式燃油喷射泵 distributor fuel injection pump多缸燃油喷射泵 multicylinder fuel injection pump框架安装式燃油喷射泵 cradle mounted injection pump喷油始点 fuel injection beginning喷油终点 fuel injection end喷油持续角 fuel injection duration angle喷油延迟 injection delay引燃喷射 pilot injection启喷压力 injection starting pressure峰值喷油扭矩 peak injection torque峰值喷油压力 peak injection pressure喷油泵油缸数目 number of cylinders of an injection pump 无气喷射 solid injection喷射正时 injection timing集中喷射 group injection喷油器 injector整体式喷油器 unit injector喷嘴 nozzle轴针式喷嘴 pintle type nozzle环槽式喷嘴 annular slot nozzle孔式喷嘴 hole type nozzle长杆喷嘴long stem nozzle孔板式喷嘴 orifice plate nozzle开式喷嘴 open nozzle闭式喷嘴 closed nozzle喷油提前器 timing advance unit喷射泵壳体 injection pump housing针阀 needle芯轴 central spindle喷嘴壳体 nozzle body针阀升程 needle lift喷嘴盖形螺母 nozzle cap nut喷油器壳体 nozzle holder突缘安装喷油器壳体 flanged-mounted injection nozzle holder 燃油喷射泵传动装置 transmision of an injection pump喷嘴锥体 nozzle hole cone柱塞 plunger柱塞套 barrel柱塞行程 plunger stroke喷孔 spray orifice海拔控制器 altitude control提前器飞锤 flyweight喷孔长径比 ratio of nozzle hole length nozzle diameter喷嘴液动力特性 nozzle hydrokinetic characteristics动态相位 dynamic phase喷孔面积 nozzle hole area喷嘴流通特性 nozzle flow characteristic喷油背压 injection back pressure高压油管 high pressure pipe平均喷油扭矩 mean injection torque喷油总效率 overall pumping efficiency峰值喷油压力 injection peak pressure预行程 prestroke收缩行程 retraction stroke燃油箱 fuel tank油箱盖 fuel tank油位表 fuel level gauge注油控制装置 fill control system汽油箱 gasoline tank( petrol tank)汽油供给管 gasoline feed pipe加油管 filler tube放油螺塞 drain plug吸油管 suction pipe刚性燃油管 rigid fuel pipe进油孔 fuel feed hole供油管 supply pipe通气管 bleeding pipe通气管 bleeding pipe泄油阀 spill valve泄油孔口 spill port进油阀 inlet valve最大油量限制器maximum fuel stop滴油 dribble燃油表 fuel gauge输油泵 feed pump燃油泵 fuel pump附装燃油箱中的电动燃油泵 tank-mounted eletric fuel pump 机械式燃油泵 mechanical fuel pump膜片式燃油泵 diaphragm fuel supply pump叶片式供油泵 vane fuel supply pump活塞式输油泵 piston type fuel supply pump齿轮式输油泵 gear fuel supply pump电动燃油泵 eletric fuel pump带真空泵的汽油泵 vacuum pump with fuel pump起动加油器 primer起动给油杆 primer lever燃油泵上体 fuel pump body燃油泵下体 fuel pump base燃油泵盖 bowl cover进油口接头fuel inlet neck出油口接头 fuel discharge port输出阀 delivery valve泵油元件 pump element回油阀部件 fuel return valve assembly化油器 carburetor化油器系统 carburetor circuit简单化油器 elementary carburetor单腔化油器 single-barrel carburetor双腔并动化油器 two-barrel dual carburetor双腔分动化油器 two-barrel duplex carburetor四腔化油器 four-barrel carburetor上吸式化油器 updaught carburetor下吸式化油器 downdraught carburetor平吸式化油器 horizontal carburetor侧吸式化油器 side-draft-carburetor高海拔补偿式化油器 altitude compensating carburetor 化油器附加器 adaptor carburetor双腔式化油器 twin-choke carburetor固定喉管式化油器 fixed venturi carburetor可变喉管化油器 variable venturi carburetor化油器接头 carburetor adaptor阻风门 choke valve阻风活塞 choke piston阻风板 choke plate自动阻风门 automatic choke阻风门拉钮 choke button电控自动阻风门 electric-assisted choke阻风管 choke tube喉管 venturi双重或三重喉管 double & triple venturi阻风门拉线 choke cable化油器小喉管 booster venturi浮子系 float system浮子 float环形浮子 annular float同心式浮子 concentric float浮子支销 float hinge pin浮子针阀 float needle valve阀针 valve needle浮子油面 float level浮子臂 float arm侧置浮子室式 side float type怠速阀 idle valve怠速针阀 idle needle省油器 economizer省油器阀 economizer valve辅助空气阀 auxiliary air-valve加速油井 accelerating well加速泵 accelerating pump加速泵喷嘴 accelerating pump nozzle油门 throttle手油门 hand throttle节气门操纵手柄 throttle control lever真空加浓器 vacuum booster加浓器 excess fuel device量孔体 jet block怠速量孔 idle metering jet主量孔 main metering jet剂量阀活塞 dosage valve piston空气量孔 air jet燃油滤清器 fuel filter沉淀杯 sediment bowl串联过滤器 in-line filter燃油箱内装过滤器 in-tank filter调速器 governor飞球式调速器 flyball governor调速器 governor飞球式调速器 flyball governor液压调速器 hydraulic governor真空转速调速器 vacuum speed governor惯性调速器 inertia governor离心调速器 centrifugal governor调速器重锤 governor weight空气滤清器及进排气系统 air cleaner and intake and exhaust sytem 空气滤清器 air filter冲压式空气滤清器 ram air clearner恒温控制式空气滤清器 thermostatic controlled air cleaner油浴式空气滤清器 oil bath air cleaner纸质空气滤 清器 paper air clearner旋流管式空气滤清器 swirl tube air filter滤清器滤芯 filter element空气滤清器壳体 air filter housing空气滤清器盖 air filter cover滤清器密封圈 filter seal ring滤网 sieve滤纸盘或膜 filter paper disc or membrane进气和排气系统 intake and exhaust system排气管 exhaust pipe排气抽气管 exhaust extraction duct扫气泵 scavenging pump进气预热装置 intake preheater进气歧管 intake manifold进气歧管真空度 intake manifold vacuum冷式进气歧管 cold manifold冲压式进气歧管 ram intake manifold排气歧管 exhaust manifold脉冲式排气歧管 pulse exhaust manifold等压排气歧管 constant pressrue exhaust manifold排气歧管热量控制阀 exhaust manifold heat control valve 超高度歧管 high-rise manifold升温横跨管道 heat crossover排气横跨管道 exhaust crossover预热点 hot spot阻风门加热器 choke heater热空气导流管 hot air duct隔热板 heat shield排气再循环阀 exhaust -gas-recirculation消声器 silencer进气消声器 intake silencer排气消声器 exhaust silencer金属垫片式消声器 steel pack muffler玻璃丝消声器 glass pack muffler空洞消声器 gutted muffler前排气管 front exhaust pipe尾管 tail pipe消声器联接管 intermediate pipe热空气管 hot air pipe曲轴箱通风管 crankcase bleed pipe隔声罩 acoustic hood进气消声器元件 silencer element真空泵 vacuum pump指示功率 indicated power指示热效率 indicated thermal efficiency指示油耗率 indicated specific energy consumption示功图 indicator diagram冷却系 cooling system风冷 air cooling水冷 water-cooling循环流冷却系cooling recovery system自然循环液冷却系统 natural circulation type cooling system热流循环液冷却系统 thermo-siphon circulation type cooling system 温差循环液冷却系统 gravity circulation water cooling system压力式水冷却系统 positive circulation cooling system加压式冷却法 pressure type cooling水泵循环冷却系统 pump circulation cooling system强制循环式化冷系统 forced-feed water circulation system封闭式液冷系统 sealed cooling system散热器 radiator片式散热器 finned radiator管式散热器 tubular radiator蜂窝式散热器 cellular radiator哈里逊式散热器 Harrison type radiator带板式散热器 ribbon type radiator上水箱 upper tank下水箱 lower tank涨溢箱 expansion tank散热器芯 radiator core之字形管散热器芯 film core管-片式散热器芯 fin and tube core散热器加水口盖 radiator filter cap压力式水箱盖 radiator-pressure cap蒸气-空气泄放阀 vapor-air release valve散热器护罩 radiator cowl散热器百叶窗 radiator shutter散热器保温帘 radiator roller blind散热片 cooling fin缸盖散热片 cylinder head fin缸体散热片 cylinder block fin控温装置 temperature regulating device恒温器 thermostat恒温器主阀 thermostat main valve恒温器旁通阀 thermostat by-pass valve恒温器挠性波纹筒 thermostat flexible bellows液体冷却设备 liquid cooling equipment水泵 water pump水泵体 pump casing水泵叶轮 water pump impeller旁通进水口 water by-pass inlet neck循环泵 circulating pump主进水口 water main inlet port出水口 water outlet port自调式水封 self-adjusting seal unit溢流管 overflow pipe导流板 deflector风扇 fan(blower)轴流式风扇 axial flow fan离心式风扇 centrifugal fan风扇壳体 blower casing风扇导流罩 fan cowl风扇毂 fan hub风扇叶片 fan blade风扇叶轮 blower impeller风扇导流定子 blower stator风扇皮带轮 fan pulley三角皮带 v-belt风扇护罩 fan shroud风扇叶轮叶片 impeller vane冷却用空气 cooling air风扇导流叶片 stator vane强制风冷 forced-air cooling自然风冷 natural air cooling风道 air ducting润滑系 lubrication system润滑 lubrication气缸上部润滑 upper cylinder lubrication 压力润滑 pressure-feed lubrication压力润滑法 forced lubrication自动润滑 automatic lubrication飞溅润滑 splash lubrication润滑周期 lubrication interval边界润滑 borderline lubrication曲轴箱机油油盘 crankcase oil pan油底壳 oil pan机油盘放油塞 sump plug集油器 oil collector机油泵 oil pump计量式机油泵 metering oil pump齿轮式机油泵 gear type oil pump转子式机油泵 rotor-type oil pump机油泵出油管 oil pump outlet pipe放油口 oil drain hole油道 oil duct断油开关 cut-off cock机油散热器 oil cooler机油滤清器 oil filter机油粗滤器 primary oil filter机油精滤器 secondary oil filter全流式机油滤清器 full-flow oil filter分流式机油滤清器 by-pass oil filter离心式机油滤清器 centrifugal oil filter整体式滤芯 integral filtering element细滤器滤芯 filter element滤清器壳 filter box滤片filtering disc机油减压器 oil pressure relief valve旁通阀 by-pass oil filter机油滤网 oil strainer加机油孔 oil filter cap滤芯轴 filter shaft刮片组件 cleaning edge机油量尺 dipstick机油滤网 oil strainer增压器 supercharger增压和扫气装置 pressure-charging and scavenging unit 增压装置 supercharging device涡轮增压器 turbo-charger气波增压器 comprex pressure wave supercharger增压器阻风阀 supercharger blast gate增压器调节容气量的旁通阀 supercharger control bypass 增压器叶轮 supercharger impeller惯性增压 inertia supercharging机械增压 mechanical supercharging涡轮增压 turbo-charging增压比 supercharge ratio增压压力 boost pressure增压中冷 inter-cooling中冷度 inter-cooling level增压度 supercharging level喘振 surge喘振线 surge line轴流式涡轮 axial-flow turbine脉冲进气 ram charging发动机试验 engine test发动机试验规程 engine test procedure发动机技术要求 engine technical requirements标准大气状况 standard atmospheric conditions大气压力 atmospheric pressure进气温度 inlet air temperature进气温度 inlet air temperature功率校正 power correction功率标定 power rating功率换算 power conversion校正系数 correction factor换算系数 performance test性能试验 performance test起动性能试验 starting ability test怠速试验 idle running test道路负荷试验 road load test各缸工作均匀性试验 cylinder variation test背压试验 back pressure test最低稳定工作转速试验 lowest continuous speed test with load 背部泄漏试验 back-leakage test调整试验 adjustment test热平衡试验 heat balance test快速磨损试验 accelerated wear test热冲击试验 thermo-shock test空载特性试验 no-load characteristic test模拟增压试验 simulated supercharging test停缸试验 cylinder fuel-cut test增压机匹配试验turbo-charger matching test排气分析试验 exhaust analysis test突变负荷试验 sudden load change test稳定性试验 stability test单缸熄火试验 one cylinder shut off test例行检查试验 routine inspection test验证试验 verification test鉴定试验 approval test可靠性试验 reliability test耐久性试验 durability test定型试验 type approval test验收试验 acceptance test现场试验 field test出厂试验 delivery test抽查试验 spot check test复查试验 re-check test台架试验 bench test强化试验 hop-up test发动机试验台 engine test bed底盘测功机 chassis dynamometer测功机 dynamometer水力测功机 hydraulic dynamometer电涡流测功机 eddy current dynamometer电力测功机 electric dynamometer扭矩仪 torque meter转速表 tachometer温度测量 thermometry温度测量仪器 thermometric instruments空气流量测量 air flow measurement热线风速仪 hot wire anemometer电子示功仪 electronic indicator燃烧分析仪 combustion analyzer压力传感器 pressure transducer精密声级计 precision sound level meter排放 emission排放物 emission排气污染物 gaseous pollutant蒸发排放物 evaporative emission曲轴箱排放物 crankcase emission漏气 blowby gas氨氧化物 oxids of nitrogen一气化碳 carbon monoxide碳氢化合物 hydrocarbon甲烷 methane无甲烷碳氢化合物non-methane hydrocarbons光化学活性碳氢化合物 photochemically reactive hydrocarbons 微粒物 particulated matter黑烟 black smoke蓝烟 blue smoke白烟 white smoke碳烟 soot光化学烟雾smog臭味 odor丙烷 propane排放浓度 concentration of emission排气烟度 exhaust smoke先期排气 initial exhaust亚临界排气 subcritical exhaust超临界排气 supercritical exhaust强制排气 forced exhaust自由排气 free exhaust排气提前角 exhaust advance angle排气迟后角 exhaust lag angle排气热损失 exhaust heat loss排气净化 exhaust purification排气背压 exhaust back pressure残余废气 residual gas排气有害成分 poisonous exhaust composition柴油机排烟 diesel smoke综合排放浓度 composite concentration of exhaust emission 综合排放质量 composite mass of exhaust emission排放系数 emission factor排放率emission index质量排放量 mass emission比排放量 brake specific emission排放物控制系统 emission control system排气排放物控制系统 exhaust emission control system二次空气 secondary air二次空气分配歧管 secondary air distribution二次空气控制阀 secondary air control valve二次空气转换阀 secondary air switching valve二次空气转流阀 secondary air diverter valve二次空气喷射装置 secondary air injection system二次空气喷射管 secondary air injection tube二次空气喷射减速压阀 secondary air injection relief valve 脉动空气装置 pulsating air system二次空气泵 secondary air pump曲轴箱排放物控制系统 crankcase emission control system曲轴箱双通风系统 crankcase closed system曲轴箱单通风系统 crankcase sealed system曲轴箱强制通风装置 positive crankcase ventilationPCV阀 PCV valve蒸发排放物控制系统 evaporative emission control system活性碳罐贮存装置 charcoal canister storage system活性碳罐 charcoal canister曲轴箱贮存装置 crankcase storage system空气滤清器贮存装置 air filter storage system燃油箱止回阀 fuel tank check valve油气分离器 fuel and vapor separator清除阀 furge valve催化转化系统 catalytic converting system催化燃烧分析仪 catalytic combustion analyzer催化剂 catalyst转化器 converter催化转化器 catalytic converter轴流式转化器 AXIAL FLOW TYPE CONVERTER径流式转化器 RADIAL FLOW TYPE CONVERTER下流式转化器 down flow type converter上流式转化器 up flow type converter双床式转化器 dual bed converter单床式转化器 single bed converter氧化型催化剂 oxidation catalyst还原型催化剂 reduction catalyst。