Unit 1一、知识点1、Check in : 在旅馆得登记入住。
Check out: 在旅馆结账离开。
2、By: ①通过…、、方式(途径)。
例:I learn English by listening to tapes、②在…、、旁边。
例:by the window/the door③乘坐交通工具例:by bus/car④在……之前,到……为止。
例:by October在10月前⑤被例:English is spoken by many people、3、how与what得区别:how通常对方式或程度提问,意思有:怎么样如何,通常用来做状语、表语。
what通常对动作得发出者或接受者提问,意思为什么,通常做宾语,主语。
①How is your summer holiday? It’s OK、(how表示程度做表语)②How did you travel around the world? I travel by air、③What do you learn at school? I learn English, math and many other subjects、① What…think of…? How…like…?② What…do with…? How…deal with…?③ What…like about…? How…like…?④ What’s the weather like today? How’s the weather today?⑤ What to do? How to do it?e、g、 What do you think of this book?=How do you like this book?I don’t know what I should do with the matter、=I don’t know how I should deal with it、What do you like aboutChina?=How do you likeChina?I don’t know what to do next step?=I don’t know how to do it next step?㊣What good / bad weather it is today!(weather为不可数名词,其前不能加a )㊣What a fine / bad day it is today! (day为可数名词,其前要加a )4、 aloud, loud与loudly得用法 : 三个词都与"大声"或"响亮"有关。
①aloud就是副词,重点在出声能让人听见,但声音不一定很大,常用在读书或说话上。
通常放在动词之后。
aloud没有比较级形式。
如: He read the story aloud to his son、她朗读那篇故事给她儿子听。
②loud可作形容词或副词。
用作副词时,常与speak, talk, laugh等动词连用,多用于比较级,须放在动词之后。
如:She told us to speak a little louder、她让我们说大声一点。
③loudly就是副词,与loud同义,有时两者可替换使用,但往往含有令人讨厌或打扰别人得意思,可位于动词之前或之后。
如:He does not talk loudly or laugh loudly in public、她不当众大声谈笑。
5、 voice 指人得嗓音也指鸟鸣。
sound 指人可以听到得各种声音。
noise 指噪音、吵闹声6、 find + 宾语 + 宾补(名词形容词介词短语分词等)例:I find him friendly、 I found him working in the garden、We found him in bed、 He found the window closed、We found her honest、7、常见得系动词有:①就是:am 、is、 are②保持:keep、 stay③转变:bee、 get、 turn④……起来 feel、 look、 smell、 taste、 sound8、 get + 宾语+宾补(形容词过去分词动词不定式) 使某种情况发生例:Get the shoes clean、把鞋擦干净Get Mr、 Green to e、让格林先生进来I want to get my bike repaired、我想去修自行车You can’t get him waiting、您不能让她老等着9、动词不定式做定语①与所修饰得名词构成主谓关系The next train to arrive was fromNew York、 He is always the first to e、②与所修饰得名词构成动宾关系I have nothing to say、 I need a pen to write with、I need some paper to write on、 I don’t have a room to live in、10、 practice , fun 做名词为不可数名词11、 add 补充说又说12、 join 加入某团体并成为其中一员 attend 出席参加会议或讲座join in与take part in指参加到某项活动中去。
13、all、 both、 always以及every复合词与not连用构成部分否定。
其完全否定为:all---none, both---neither, everything---nothing, everybody---nobody、14、 be afraid of doing sth、 / sth、害怕 be afraid of being alonebe afraid to do sth、害怕be afraid that恐怕担心,表示委婉语气15、either:①放在否定句末表示“也”②两者中得“任一”③either…or…或者…或者、…引导主语部分,谓语动词按照就近原则16、plete完成,就是个较正式得词,后不能接动名词finish指日常事物得完成17、a,an 与序数词连用表示“又一”,“再一”。
例:Please give me a second apple、 There es a fifth girl、18、have trouble/difficult/problem (in) doing…、、干…、、遇到麻烦,困难19、unless 除非,如果不,等于“if not”本身就表示否定,引导条件状语从句,主句为将来时,条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将来。
例:My baby sister doesn’t cry unless she’s hungry、=My baby sister doesn’t cry if she isn’t hungry、Unless you take more care, you’ll have an accident、如果您不多加小心得话,您会出事得。
20、instead: adv、代替,更换。
例:We have no coffee, would you like tea instead？我们没有咖啡了,改喝茶好吗？It will take days by car, so let’s fly instead、开车去要好几天呢,咱们还就是坐飞机吧。
Tom was ill, so I went instead、汤姆病了,所以换了我去。
instead of doing sth、作为某人或某事物得替换例:Let’s play cards instead of watching TV、We sometimes eat rice instead of potatoes、Give me the red one instead of the green one、21、spoken 口头得,口语得。
spoken English 口头英语speaking 讲话得,说某种语言得。
Speaking skills讲英语得能力22、提建议得句子:①What/ how about +doing sth、? 如:What/ How about going shopping?②Why don’t you + do sth、? 如:Why don’t you go shopping?③Why not + do sth、 ? 如:Why not go shopping?④Let’s + do sth、如: Let’s go shopping⑤Shall we/ I + do sth、? 如:Shall we/ I go shopping?23、 a lot 许多常用于句末如:I eat a lot、我吃了许多。
24、 too…to 太…而不能常用得句型 too+adj、/adv、 + to do sth、如:I’m too tired to say anything、我太累了,什么都不想说。
25、 not …at all 一点也不根本不如:I like milk very much、 I don’t like coffee at all、我非常喜欢牛奶。
我一点也不喜欢咖啡。
not经常可以与助动词结合在一起,at all 则放在句尾26、be / get excited about sth、=== be / get excited about doing sth、=== be excited to do sth、对…感兴奋如:I am / get excited about going toBeijing、===I am excited to go toBeijing、我对去北京感到兴奋。
27、① end up doing sth 终止做某事,结束做某事如:The party ended up singing、晚会以唱歌而结束。
② end up with sth、以…结束如:The party ended up with her singing、晚会以她得歌唱而告终。
28、 first of all 首先、 to begin with 一开始later on 后来、随29、 also 也、而且(用于肯定句)常在句子得中间either 也(用于否定句)常在句末too 也 (用于肯定句) 常在句末=as well30、 make mistakes 犯错mistake sb、 for …把……错认为……make mistakes (in) doing sth、在干某事方面出错by mistake 错误地;由于搞错mistake---mistook----mistaken如:I often make mistakes、我经常犯错。