英语国际音标的讲解及练习完美版本文件编码(TTU-UITID-GGBKT-POIU-WUUI-0089)英语国际音标的讲解及练习Lesson 1⑴前元音:[i:] [i] [e] [?]前元音发音要领:舌尖抵下齿,舌前部向硬颚抬起,双唇不要收圆。
[i:]①舌尖抵下齿,舌前部尽量向硬颚抬起。
②嘴唇向两旁伸开,成扁平形。
注意:[i:]是长元音,发长元音时要比发短元音长两倍以上。
She tea easy teach sleep agree three weeks, green tea, team leadersSeeing is believing. Jean is as busy as a bee.[i]①舌尖抵下齿,舌前部向硬颚抬起,比[i:]低,比[e]高。
②唇形扁平,牙床开得比[i:]宽,比[e]窄。
③可从发[i:]出发,将小指尖放在上下齿之间,舌前部也随之稍稍下降,即可发出[i]。
It this pig city coffee begin a big ship, bit by bit, little by litteA little learning is a dangerous thing.His six-year old sister is as fit as a fiddle.[e]①舌尖抵下齿,舌前部稍抬起,比[i:]低。
②唇形中常,牙床开得比[i:]宽,上下齿间可容纳一个食指。
Egg else dress best again energy seven beds, ten desks, the next lessenLet’s get ready for the test.All’s well that ends well.[?]①舌尖抵下齿。
②双唇向两旁平伸,成扁平形,两齿间可以容纳食指和中指。
And as bag lamp catch happen a happy man, a happy family, hand in hand, caps and catsHarry has a happy family in Canada.The rat is running on a narrow track.⑵爆破辅音:[p] [b] [t] [d] [k] [g]爆破音发音要领:[p] [t] [k]是清辅音,发音时声带不振动,送气要强。
[b] [d] [g]是浊辅音,发音时声带必须振动,送气要强。
[p] [b]双唇紧闭,然后突然分开,气流冲出口腔。
[t] [d]舌尖紧贴上齿龈,形成阻碍,然后突然下降,气流冲出口腔。
[k] [g]舌后部隆起,紧贴软颚,形成阻碍,然后突然离开,气流冲出口腔。
⑶发音练习: b[bi:] d[di:] e[i:]Lesson 2⑴后元音:[ɑ:] [?] [?:] [u] [u:]后元音发音要领:①舌尖不触下齿,舌身后缩,舌后部向软颚抬起,除[ɑ:]外,双唇要收圆。
②发[ɑ:][?:][u:]时要注意长度,不要发得太短。
[ɑ:]舌尖不触下齿,口张大,舌身平放后缩。
Art army star father garden tomato a large car, half a jar, after the bathI like to pass through the garden park.Far from eye, far from heart.[?]①舌尖不触下齿,口张大,舌身尽量降低并后缩。
②双唇稍稍收圆。
③可先发[ɑ:],然后将舌身再稍稍向后缩,双唇稍稍收圆(不要突出)即可发出[?]。
On off hot want doctor foreign cotton socks, borrow a clock, a pocket watchThe coffee is top quality.When the shop was robbed, everybody wasshocked.[?:]①舌后部比发[?]时抬得略高。
②双唇也收得更圆更小,并须用力向前突出。
Always or law before caused daughter all in all, more and more, a short storyPaul’s four and can walk and talk.The storm draws near---we ought to go indoors.[u]①舌尖不触下齿, 舌后部向软颚抬起,舌身后缩。
②双唇收圆,稍向前突出。
Full look wood foot woman sugar push and pull, good books, by hook or by crookThe cook cooks good food.The woman stood for as long as she could.[u:]双唇比发[u]时收得更圆更小,向前突出,舌后部比发[u]时抬得更高。
To who lose group music fruit a blue balloon, an afternoon in June, huge roomsThe news is too good to be true.That rule is useful once in a blue moon.⑵摩擦辅音:[f] [v] [s] [z] [?] [?] [?] [e]摩擦音发音要领:[f] [s] [?] [?]是清辅音,发音时声带不振动。
[v] [z] [?] [e]是浊辅音,发音时声带必须振动。
发摩擦音时必须注意:①软颚抬起,堵住到鼻腔的通道,但口腔通道不完全阻塞,留有窄小空隙,气流从中泄出时摩擦或振动成音。
②摩擦音可以延长而发音器官位置不变。
[f] [v]下唇轻触上齿,气流由唇齿间的缝隙中通过,摩擦成音。
[s] [z]舌端及舌尖靠近上齿龈,但不接触,上下齿靠拢,但不要咬住,气流由舌端与上齿龈之间逸出,摩擦成音。
[?] [?]舌尖和舌端抬向上齿龈较后部分,舌身两侧紧贴上颚,中央形成一条狭长的通道,上下齿靠拢或靠近,但不要咬住,气流由舌端与上齿龈较后部分之间逸出,摩擦成音。
[?] [e]舌尖轻触上齿背,气流由舌齿间的窄小缝隙逸出,摩擦成音。
⑶发音练习:c[si:] f[ef]good[gud] too[tu:] this[eis] is[is]these [ei:z] cat[k?t] dog[d?g] it[it]Lesson 3⑴中元音:[?] [?:] [?]中元音发音要领:舌尖抵住下齿,但不如发前元音时抵得那样紧。
舌身的中部隆起,扁唇(双唇不要收圆)。
[?:]①舌身平放,舌中部稍抬起。
②牙床开得较窗窄,双唇和发[i:]时相似。
③注意长度,不要发得太短。
Her girl first turn work prefer a dirty shirt, the third world, the worst personThe German girl prefers a purple shirt to a blue one.The early bird catches the worm.[?]①舌中部抬起。
②牙床半开半合,唇形扁或中常。
③这个音和汉语普通话轻声的“么(me)”及“了(le)”中的短促元音“e”相似,但英语的[?]在词末时发音比普通话的“e”长。
About polite forget river woman potato bread and butter, salt and pepper, again andagainThe teachers will get together tomorrow.Do you prefer the cinema or theatre?[?]①舌中部稍抬起。
②开口程度和[?]相似,唇形扁。
③从元音[?]出发,将圆唇改为扁唇,即可发出[?]。
Up under cut does young enough much money, lucky in love, just for funWell begun is half done.Mother told the funny story just for fun.⑵破擦音:[tr] [dr] [?] [?] [?] [?]破擦音发音要领:[tr] [?] [?]是清辅音,发音时声带不振动。
[dr] [?] [?]是浊辅音,发音时声带必须振动。
破擦音是爆破音和摩擦音的结合,发破擦音时必须注意:①憋住气流的发音器官(舌尖和上齿龈)分开得比较缓慢,而且立即跟着发一个发音部位相似的摩擦音。
②发破擦音时,先形成阻碍,在解除阻碍的同时舌尖向摩擦音的部位滑动,发出摩擦音。
但这两步动作是紧密相连的,由一次送气来完成,不可发出两个独立的音。
[?] [?]软颚抬起,舌身形成发[?]音的姿势,但舌尖和舌端抵住上齿龈,形成阻碍。
气流冲破这个阻碍后,舌和齿龈间仍保持一个狭小的缝隙,发出摩擦的声音。
[tr] [dr]软颚抬起,舌身作发[r]音的姿势,但舌尖抵上齿龈后部,以形成阻碍。
气流冲破这个阻碍发出短促的[t]后立即发[r]。
[?] [?]舌端贴住上齿龈,堵住气流,然后略为下降,气流随之泄出口腔。
⑶发音练习:g[?i:] p[pi:] r[ɑ:] s[es] t[ti:]she[?i:] sister[?sist?]Lesson 4⑴合口双元音:[ei] [ai] [?i] [?u] [au]双元音发音要领:①由两个元音组成,发音时由第一个向第二个元音的部位滑动,但不完全到达第二个元音的部位。
发音过程中唇形、舌位及牙床开合程度均有相应的变化。
②前重后轻,第一个元音响亮清晰。
第二个元音轻弱模糊。
③前长后短,第一个元音较长。
第二个元音较短促。
[ei]①由[e]向[i]滑动,但不到[i]的部位就停止发音。
②发音过程中下颚和下唇向上移动,舌位也随之抬高。
Age play rain take labour today May Day, great change, the name of the gameNo pains, no gains.Great changes have taken place in only one day.[ai]①[a]是个前元音(不是后元音[ɑ:]),和汉语普通话“a”音相似,发音时舌尖抵住下齿,舌位很低,舌前隆起。
用扁唇或中常唇形,牙床开合度宽。
②从[a]向[i]滑动,不到[i]的部位就停止发音。
Eye why night bike July a nice sight, quite right, high in the skyTime and tide wait for no man.A stitch in time saves nine.[?i]①开始部分舌位在[?]和[?:]之间。