第 I 页
摘
要
随着我国电力工业的飞速发展，对电力供应的安全性和可靠性的要求也越来越 高， 而继电保护则是实现电力供应安全可靠的不可缺少的措施之一。 在继电保护中， 应用得最为广泛的保护方式是距离保护，它是一种在电网中能够快速切断故障的保 护，相比较于其他的保护方式，其受电力系统的结构和运行方式的影响低，灵敏度 高，所以在结构复杂的高压电网中被广泛使用。距离保护系统的核心组成元件是阻 抗继电器，其主要作用是测量短路点到保护安装处的距离。随着计算机通讯技术和 集成电路设计的飞速发展，微机保护的技术不断得到完善，阻抗继电器在经历了电 磁型、电子型的发展阶段后，向微机型发展已成为普遍趋势。 本次设计尝试了如何设计基于微机的阻抗继电器装置，总结出了实现微机阻抗 继电器的电路原理方案和软件设计方法，并针对所设计电路的某独立功能制作相应 的硬件接口装置。本次设计具体所做的工作有：介绍距离保护的作用及原理，分析 距离保护的整定方法和整定计算；对三种特性阻抗继电器分析，设计阻抗继电器的 各个模块电路，并制作相应地硬件演示装置；编写系统软件程序；介绍系统振荡及 振荡时带来的影响，阐述了针对系统振荡采取的具体措施。 关键词：继电保护；距离保护；阻抗继电器；微机；软件；系统振荡
第 II 页
Abstract
Hale Waihona Puke With the rapid development of China's power industry, the security and reliability of the power requirement is also getting higher and higher.and the relay protection is one of the indispensable measures to achieve safe and reliable power supply. The distance protection is the most widely method used in the relay protection .It is a kind of protection which can quickly cut off the fault in the power network .Compared with the other protection methods .It is not affected by the structure and operation mode of the power system and its sensitivity is very high .So it is widely used in high voltage power network .The core component of distance protection system is the impedance relay which the main function is to measure the short circuit point to protect the installation distance .With the rapid development of computer communication technology and integrated circuit design and the technology of microcomputer protection is continuously improved .Impedance relay has experienced the electromagnetic, electronic development stage, the development of micro models has become a common trend. In this design，how to an impedance relay device based on microcomputer is designed and the circuit principle scheme and software design method of microcomputer based impedance relay has been summaried. According to the independent function of the designed circuit, the corresponding hardware interface device is made. This design of the specific work: Introducing the function and principle of distance protection, Analysising of distance protection setting method; Analysising of three kinds of characteristic impedance relay, designing each module circuit in impedance relay, and make corresponding hardware demonstration device; Designingsystem software; Introducing the effects of system oscillation and oscillation, the specific measures taken for the oscillation of the system are expounded. Key Words：Microcomputer protection; Distance protection; Impedance relay; Software; System oscillation