隧道专业英汉词典十、隧道专业汉英英汉常用词汇汉英部分20号钢筋混凝土M 20 reinforced concreteH橡皮H-shaped rubber n值n-valueT形钢板T-steel plateU形钢支撑U-shaped steel supportX射线结构分析x-ray analysis of fabric; x-ray structure analysisA安全safety安全灯safety lamp安全等级safety class安全检查safety inspection安全屏蔽safety screening 安全设备safety device; safety equipment安全设施safety device; safety equipment安全通道safety pathway; safety walkway安全通路safety pathway; safety walkway安全卫生管理体制safety and health control system 安全系数safety factor 安全巡查safety patrol安全巡检safety patrol安全巡逻车safety patrol car安全闸emergency lock安全炸药safety explosive; permitted explosive安全装置safety apparatus; safety device 安装功率installed power 安装孔洞installation recess安装图installation diagram; assembly diagram安装位置installation place; mounting position 暗沟underdrain; blind ditch; blind drain暗榫式对接straight joint 暗挖法under-cutting method; mining method 奥陶纪OrdovicianB扒碴机gathering loader 扒斗铲泥机slusher白垩纪Cretaceous白色涂料white plastering摆动snake motion搬运haulage; transport 板桩sheet pile板桩尾部end of sheet pile 半断面half section半盾构roof shield半横向通风系统semi-transverse ventilation system半机械开挖盾构semi-mechanized shield; semi-mechanical shield半路堑式明洞part cut-type open cut tunnel 半球形垫板hemispherical washer半深成岩hypabyssal rock 半圆头螺钉half-round screw; semi-round screw 半圆头螺栓half-round head bolt半圆形弯钩semi-circular hook; 180o hook拌浆机grout mixer帮部tunnel wall; side wall帮眼flank hole; reliever 包干合同lump sum contract饱和度degree of saturation保留金retention money; retention报价单quotation爆轰detonation爆破blasting爆破材料explosives; powder爆破材料库magazine爆破进尺blasting depth; blasting progress爆破开挖excavation by blasting; conventional excavation爆破模式blasting pattern 爆破母线leading wire; shot-firing cable; blasting cable爆破影响blasting effect 爆破作业blasting operation爆燃deflagration爆炸气体explosive gas; fire damp贝尔纳板Bernold sheet 贝尔纳衬砌法Bernoldlining method备选方案alternative; alternative proposal背板back board; lagging board背衬backing; back lining 背斜anticline被动土压passive earth pressure崩积斜坡colluvial slope 崩解试验slaking test比较方案alternative; alternative proposal比利时法Belgian excavation method; flying arch method闭胸式盾构blind shield 壁厚wall thickness避车洞refuge hole; refuge recess避难洞stepplace; refuge hole避难通道refuge passageway; passenger refuge adit避人洞refuge manhole边沟side drain; side ditch 边框frame 边墙sidewall边墙混凝土side wall concrete边墙加厚enlarged side wall边仰坡side and heading slope扁钢flat steel变形deformation变形速度deformation velocity变形系数deformation coefficient变质岩metamorphic rock 变质作用metamorphism 标底target price；base bid price标定价格合同target contract标志大样mark detail标砖normal brick标准衬砌环standard segment ring标准贯入试验standard penetration test标准化standardization标准块standard segment 标准推力normal thrust标准药包normal satchel charge表面修琢surface finish并排安装twin arrangement病害隧道deformed tunnel波前形状wave-front profile波纹钢板corrugated steel; deck plate波形waveform; waveshape泊松比Poisson’s ratio泊松数Poisson’s number 薄膜membrane补强效果reinforcement effect不发火misfire不均匀沉陷uneven settlement; differential settlement不均匀性heterogeneity不可压缩incompressible 不透水层impermeable layer; impervious layer不透水围岩impervious surrounding rock 不锈钢筋stainless bar不锈钢材焊接规范specifications for the stainless steel weld不锈钢电缆头stainless steel cable head不整合unconformity; unconformability部分衬砌partial lining部分断面隧道掘进机boom header; partial section tunnel boring machine (TBM)部分支付partial paymentC擦痕面slickenside参考标点reference mark 残眼bootleg侧壁导坑side drift; side heading; side pilot侧壁导坑法side heading method; side pilot method 侧壁导坑先墙后拱法side drift method侧导坑side drift; side heading; side pilot侧吊杆side hanger; side suspender侧沟盖板side ditch coverslab侧孔side hole侧斜式卡车side dump truck侧卸式装碴机side-dump loader侧压力lateral pressure; side pressure侧压系数lateral pressure coefficient侧遮光板side louver测定measurement测量measurement测量放样staking out in survey; setting out测斜仪clinometer层理bedding; stratification层序strata sequence插板poling board; lagging board插板尾部end of sheet pile 插板支撑spilling; forepoling插板支护inserting plate support; forepoling插管支护开挖法armour excavation method 插接式钻头insert bit插入erecting; inserting 插销inserted pin插桩spile拆除木支撑removal of timbering拆模demoulding; form removal; mould stripping 拆迁removing; relocation 柴油打桩机diesel pile hammer; diesel pile driver柴油机车diesel locomotive铲斗式装载机bucket loader; shovel loader铲去灰浆渣(清底)cleaning of forms铲运机scraper长径比ratio of length to diameter长矛式钢插板施工法Ranze method; excavation method using Ranze sheet pile长石feldspar常规法隧道施工conventional tunneling超基性岩ultrabasic rock 超级瓦斯隧道super gas tunnel超前导坑advance heading; pilot tunnel超前锚杆advance rockbolt超前探孔guide pilot-hole 超前探水water-detecting in advance超前探水孔advance water-detecting hole超前支护advance support超前钻孔advance borehole超前钻探advanced boring; pilot boring超声波试验ultrasonic test超挖overbreak; overexcavation超挖百分率percentage overbreak超挖衬砌concrete for overbreakage超载荷载surcharge load 潮喷混凝土half wet shotcreting 车辆截面面积vehicle frame section area车辆密封性airtightnessof vehicle; tightness of vehicle车辆推力vehicle thrust 车辆转向点turn around point of vehicle车流traffic flow车头形状nose shape of train; shape of train forebody尘埃dust沉淀槽clarifier; settling tank沉淀装置settling equipment沉放immersion; placing; sinking沉管tunnel element; unit of sunken tube沉管法immersed tube method沉积岩sedimentary rock 沉降缝settlement joint沉井open caisson; sunk well沉埋法immersed tube method沉埋管段tunnel element; unit of sunken tube沉砂槽sand basin; grit chamber; grit tank沉箱caisson沉箱病caisson disease; decompression sickness沉箱放气collapse; blow off沉箱工sand hog衬背灌浆back-fill grouting衬背注浆孔grouting hole 衬背注浆率grouting rate 衬背注浆压力grouting pressure衬垫spacer; gasket衬片packing; filler衬砌tunnel lining衬砌板liner plate衬砌板桩沟槽trench with lagging衬砌背后灌浆lining back grouting衬砌的lined衬砌断面lining cross-section衬砌防水构造图structural drawing of lining waterproofing衬砌封顶keystone for tunnel lining; key block for tunnel lining衬砌厚度lining thickness 衬砌饰面finishing of tunnel lining衬砌应力测量measurement of lining stress撑杆slanting support; bracing成本结算方式合同cost-reimbursable contract成拱作用arch action; arching; arching effect成岩作用diagenesis承压带compressed zone 承压地下水artesian groundwater; confined water承压水头artesian water head承载能力极限状态ultimate state of bearing capacity澄清器clarifier迟爆效果multi stage explosion effect迟发雷管delay detonator 持续性persistence尺寸效应size effect重建rebuilding重新投标retender冲击波impulse wave; shock wave冲击开挖impact excavation冲击式凿岩机percussion drill; impact boring machine冲击噪声impulsive noise 冲击阻力impact resistance冲积层alluvium冲积平原alluvial plain冲量impulse冲刷scouring抽水pumping抽水房pumping room; pumping house抽水设备pumping facility; pumping unit抽水试验pumping test稠度试验consistency test 出入口隧道access tunnel 出碴mucking出碴车mucking car; dump truck出碴用吊桶kibble cage 出洞段exit section出发竖井starting shaft出口照明exit lighting初读数initial reading初期支护initial support 初期支护参数preliminary support parameter初始潜塑状态initial plastic state初始应力initial stress储碴仓muck bin; muck hopper; ore bin储气罐air tank; air holder; air collector穿心式千斤顶center hole jack穿行式钢拱模板telescopic form传爆detonation传力杆dowel bar; dowel steel传统施工法conventionalexcavation串浆running of grout吹入式通风方式blowing ventilation mode吹吸式通风方式combinedportal-to-shaft-to-portal ventilation; combined supply air fan and exhaust fan system吹制沥青blown asphalt; blown bitumen垂裙大样details of apron 垂直荷载vertical load垂直联接系vertical bracing垂直压力vertical pressure垂直运输vertical transportation磁法勘探magnetic prospecting次坚石mid-hard rock次生荷载residual load次应力secondary stress促凝剂setting accelerator; coagulant脆性brittleness错缝break joint; alternate joint; stagger joint错开joint offsetD搭接插板挡土法forepoling; spilling method搭接长度overlap length 搭头搭接lap joint; lapping joint打底层prime coat; base coat打通breakthrough打直井shaft sinking打桩机pile driver; pile driving machine打桩落锤drop hammer 大气环流atmospheric circulation大气污染atmospheric pollution大型临时工程large-scale temporary project带金属片的橡胶止水带rubber waterstop strip with sheet metal带式输送机belt conveyer 袋装注浆bag grouting单侧导坑法single sideheading method单点量测single point measurement单洞双线隧道single-tube double-line tunnel单斗挖土机one-bucket excavator; power shovel 单价发包合同unit price contract单口掘进one direction excavation单门扇single door leaf单线隧道single track tunnel单向气流unidirectional air flow单项预算individual budget单支撑式isolated support type单轴抗压强度uniaxial compressive strength单轴抗压试验uniaxial compressive test单锥混凝土基底single taper concrete base单锥形single taper当量直径equivalent diameter 挡浆墙mortar rubble retaining wall挡水墙scour prevention wall挡头墙end partition wall 挡土板timber lagging; planking shutter挡土坎step block; retaining block挡土千斤顶face jack; breast jack挡土墙earth-retailing wall; retaining wall挡土支护earth-retaining support导爆线detonating fuse; blasting fuse; detonating cord导管tremie导管灌注混凝土墙tremie concrete wall导轨guide rail；guide track导火线detonating fuse; blasting fuse; detonating cord导坑drift; advancing drift; heading; gallery导坑保护装置protectionshield; protector for heading导坑断面section of heading导坑断面分割section division of heading导坑护板protection shield; protector for heading导坑掘进机heading machine导墙guide wall倒衬砌法upside-down construction倒路面覆盖施工法upside-down construction 倒转褶皱overfold; over turned fold捣实tamping; compacting到达竖井arrival shaft蹬梯steel needling等电势系统equipotential system等量送风equivalent air supply低速度带low velocity zone低速空气动力学low-speed aerodynamics 低压风动设备low pressure air equipment底板base slab; baseplate; floor底板鼓起heaving of floor 底部掏槽bottom cut; toe cut底臌heaving of the tunnel 地表径流overland runoff; surface runoff地表水漏失surface water leakage地表塌陷ground collapse 地表下沉surface subsidence; surface settlement地表下沉测量surface subsidence measurement 地层stratum; formation 地层压力stratum pressure地基foundation; subgrade地基反力subgrade reaction地基下沉foundation settlement; foundation subsidence地基应力ground pressure地基支承力bearing capacity of foundation; load bearing capacity of foundation地螺钻earth auger地面工程ground engineering地球物理调查geophysical investigation地温梯度geothermal gradient地下道pedestrian subway; pedestrian tunnel地下街道underground shopping center; subsurface shops地下结构物类型types of underground structures地下结合underground junction地下扩大开挖underground enlargement地下连续墙diaphragm wall; in-situ placed wall地下连续墙法underground diaphragm wall method; underground wall method; diaphragm wall method地下邻接underground junction地下埋设物buried pipe and culvert地下水groundwater; subsurface water地下水面ground water table地下水位ground water level地下水侵蚀attack by ground water地下停车场underground parking garage; underground car park地下综合建筑undergroundmulti-function building地效ground effect地形topography; terrain 地压ground pressure地应力ground stress地震波seismic wave地震荷载seismic load地震活动seismic activity;earthquake activity地震勘探seismic prospecting; seismic survey地震土压earth pressure during earthquake; earthquake load地质geology地质调查geological survey地质构造geological structure; geological formation地质勘探geological exploration地质踏勘geological survey; geological reconnaissance地质图geologic map地质学geology地质纵剖面图geological profile地质钻机geological drilling rig; diamond drill 地中变位测量ground displacement measurement第二次分离装置secondary separator 第三纪Tertiary (system) 第三者的索赔权third part claim第四纪Quaternary (system)第一次分离装置first separator电法测井electrical logging电法勘探electrical prospecting电集尘器electrostatic precipitator; electric dust arrester电解腐蚀electrolytic corrosion电缆沟cable trench; cable trough电缆通道cable duct电缆托架cable bracket; cable tray电能electric energy电瓶机车battery locomotive电渗透法electro-osmosis 电阻系数coefficient of resistance电阻应变计resistance strain gauge垫板bearing plate; foot plate垫块pad; pad block垫梁wall beam垫片gasket垫圈gasket; washer; packing; filler吊杆hanger; suspender 吊高器（碴车）cherry picker吊环hoisting ring; lifting ring吊盘hanging scaffold调查investigation调查导坑investigation drift; exploring drift调查坑道investigation gallery; survey tunnel调换装置shunting device 跌水台阶water drop step 叠加静荷载superimposed dead load顶板top slab; roof顶板陷落caving of roof 顶部防水料top sealer顶部下沉测量crown settlement measurement 顶撑top bracing; crown stay顶换displacement顶架head frame; upper frame顶进propulsion; propelling顶进法jacking顶梁crown beam; top beam顶替displacement顶眼back hole; roof hole 顶遮光板top sun louver 定位器spacer动弹性系数dynamic coefficient of elasticity动力变质岩dynamo-metamorphic rock动力线power line动压推力dynamic thrust 动叶moving blade; rotating blade动叶可调风机adjustable blade fan冻结板freezing board冻结法freezing method 冻结管freezing pipe; chilling pipe冻结施工法freezing construction method冻土frozen soil冻胀frost heave洞口portal洞口工程portal works洞口缓冲结构tunnel-entrance hood; tunnel portal buffer structure洞口开挖attack; portal excavation洞口绿化afforesting at portal洞口平台platform at portal洞门portal洞门端墙面坡slope of end wall of portal洞门防水构造图structural drawing for portal waterproofing洞门墙wall of portal洞门墙顶顶帽cap of portal wall洞门墙顶水沟ditch on top of portal wall洞内布线underground utility line 洞内测量tunnel survey 洞内火灾fire in tunnel洞内基准点reference mark in tunnel洞内领工员tunnel joiner 洞内排水draining in tunnel; drainage in tunnel 洞内设备equipment in tunnel洞内运输系统tunnel haulage system洞内照明lighting in tunnel洞身防水和排水tunnel waterproofing and drainage洞身工程tunnel works洞室tunnel chamber; cavern洞室名称name of chamber洞外测量surface survey 洞外风压力wind pressure outside tunnel洞外设备surface installation豆粒砂pea gravel堵缝caulking堵缝材料caulking material堵头板bulkheading board; bulkhead镀锌galvanizing; zinc-plating镀锌钢片galvanized sheet steel镀锌铁板galvanized iron steel端头锚固型锚杆end-anchorage type bolt 短台阶法short bench cut method; heading and bench method断层fault断层外侧丘kernbut断层外侧洼kerncol断路检查试验circuit test 断面类型type of cross-section断面破碎地段fractured fault zone断面形状shape of cross section断气air off; pressure release断线谷fault-line valley 断线崖fault-line scarp对称轴symmetrical axis 对地下水面的影响effect on water table对角钢筋diagonal bar对流式通风diagonal ventilation盾沟开挖控制测量survey for steering盾构shield盾构安装机erector盾构超挖工具over cutter 盾构车站shield excavation station盾构洞室shield chamber; well shaft盾构法shield method; shield tunneling method 盾构千斤顶shield jack盾构施工法shield method 盾构隧道shield tunnel盾构外壳shield shell; shield skin盾构尾部tail of shield; shield tail盾构支承环girder of shield; shield beam盾尾间隙tail clearance ofshield盾尾净空void behind segments; tail void盾尾空隙void behind segments; tail void盾尾密封tail seal盾尾密封材料tail packing多层导坑multiple drift多导坑开挖法multiple-drift method; multidrift多点量测multiple points measurement多孔盖板perforated cover plate多排爆破multiple-row shotE额枋name plate二次爆破(补充爆破)supplementary blasting二次衬砌permanent lining; final lining; secondary lining; double lining; cast-in-situ concrete lining二次破碎secondary crusher二次应力状态secondary stress condition二次支护inner lining; final lining二次注浆secondary grouting; post grouting二叠纪Permian二氧化硅silica二氧化碳carbon dioxideF发包人employer; owner; purchaser; client; promoter发放品construction materials supplied by employer发票invoice翻车机car-dumper; tip car; tipper翻斗车tipping cart; dump cart翻斗式装碴机overhead loader翻浆冒泥mud scum; boiling反铲挖掘机backhoe shovel; drag shovel; hoe shovel反铲挖土机backhoe反光镜reflector反力座back anchor反滤层inverted choke; filter bed反坡reverse grade反射波法reflection method反射测井reflection logging反台阶法negative benching method反向推力counter flow thrust反压体土protection blanket方解石calcite防爆板protective sheet防爆电机explosion-proof motor防爆结构explosion-proof construction; flame-proof construction防爆型spark-proof type 防尘dust control; dust-proof; dust seal防尘面罩dust mask防冻工程icicle prevention device防毒气面具gas mask防护门protective door防火隔热涂料refractory plaster facing; refractory coating; fire-fighting and heat isolating paint防浸水设备flood-prevention equipment防水waterproofing防水板waterproof board; waterproof sheet防水保护层protect stratum of waterproofing 防水层waterproof layer; waterproofing membrane 防水层底面处理primer treatment防水层底子undercoating for waterproofing防水等级classification of waterproof防水隔膜waterproof membrane防水工程waterproofing engineering防水混凝土waterproof concrete; watertightconcrete; water-resistant concrete防水剂waterproofing agent防水胶浆waterproofing gum mortar防水面waterproofing facing防水膜waterproof membrane防水砂浆water proofing mortar防水水泥water proofing cement防水涂层waterproofing coating防水性watertightness防水油膏water proofing paste防锈扁钢anti-rusting flat steel防锈漆anti-rusting paint 防止中间桩下沉作业break-intermediatepile-setting method放大图enlarged view; enlarged drawing放射能测井radioactive prospecting 放小炮boulder blasting; secondary blasting飞散距离rock throw非穿行式钢模板non-telescopic form非恒定unsteady非水溶性聚氨脂non-water-soluble polyurethane废料渣油residual oil废气exhaust gas废弃工程abandoned project; abandoned construction work废水waste water废橡胶料pulverized waste rubber分部开挖施工方法partial (method) excavation; partial excavation method分岔bifurcation分段开挖法stepping; stage cut分界demarcation分流孔water diversion hole分析analysis玢岩porphyrite粉尘dust粉粒计数器particle counting device粉砂silt粉砂岩siltstone风窗口调节门adjustable air damper风道ventilation gallery; vent adit风道洞口opening of ventilation adit风道空洞duct space风道门正面front view of ventilation gate风道式通风ventilation by air passage风道悬壁overhanging section of ventiduct风道中线center line of ventilation adit风动泵air-driven pump 风动凿岩机pneumatic drill; air drill风动支架air leg风动助力器air booster风洞试验wind tunnel test 风镐pick hammer 风管式通风ventilation by pipes风化土decomposed granite风化岩weathered rock风化作用weathering风机边距lateral distance of fan风机房fan building; fan room风机房场坪fan-room yard风机功率power of fan风机及其配套设备fan and auxiliary equipment 风机耐温参数temperature parameters of fan风机推力booster fan thrust风机推力减损fan thrust reduction风机噪声fan-noise风机轴功率axial power of fan风量air volume风量流率air volume flow rate风流方向air flow direction风摩擦wind friction风渠挡头板(端墙)end bulkhead for air duct风渠挡头板通道门manhole on end wall of air duct风渠隔板ceiling风渠隔板吊杆hanger for ceiling风渠横梁beam for air duct风渠面积air duct area 风—射差wind-to-jet difference风速air velocity风险承担risk hedging; risk sharing风效应cross-wind effect 风压air pressure风阻长度air blocking length风阻车辆air blocking vehicle风阻面积air blocking area风阻推力air blocking thrust风阻系数wind blocking coefficient风钻pneumatic rock drill 封闭seal封闭墙sealing wall封顶key block; key封顶板keystone plate封顶块key block封炮眼泥clay tamping, stemming plug缝宽width of joint缝隙gap扶手handrail; rail扶手卡fixtures of handrail俘虏岩xenolith浮动石块fragmented rock; loose rock浮放道岔California switch浮力uplift浮石loose rock俯视图bird’s eye view俯仰pitching辅助导坑auxiliary gallery辅助工程auxiliary work辅助坑道service gallery 辅助炮眼reliever辅助设施auxiliary facilities腐蚀erosion付款线payment line附加剂admixture; additive复合composite复合衬砌complex lining; composite lining覆盖材料roofing覆盖法overburden; earth covering; overburden depth覆盖路面road decking覆盖土荷载overburden load覆盖土厚度earth covering; depth of overburden覆盖土压overburden pressure覆盖岩covering rockG改沟diverted gully改建reconstruction; renewal 改良improvement改炮boulder blasting; secondary blasting改移供水管道supply conduit diversion盖板cover slab盖板式棚洞slab shed tunnel; slab shed gallery 概率极限状态设计法probabilitic limit state design method干喷混凝土dry shotcreting干砌片石垛dry rubble-block mass stone 干式过滤网过滤器dry strainer干式凿岩dry drilling干硬性砂浆stiff mortar 橄榄石olivine橄榄岩peridotite刚性路面rigid pavement 刚性支护rigid support钢steel钢板steel panel ; steel plate钢板桩steel sheet pile钢背板steel lagging钢插板steel spile钢拱支撑arch rib; steel set; steel arch support钢管支柱steel pipe post 钢管桩挡土墙steel pipe sheeting钢架式棚洞framed shed tunnel; framed shed gallery钢筋reinforcement; bar; reinforced bar钢筋的搭接及损耗overlap and wastage of bars钢筋断面图sectional view of bars钢筋号bar No.; mark钢筋混凝土板reinforced concrete slab钢筋混凝土拱reinforced concrete arch钢筋混凝土墙reinforced concrete wall钢筋混凝土圆形蓄水池reinforced concrete circular water storage tank钢筋计stress meter for reinforcement 钢筋间距spacing of reinforcement钢筋数量表quantities of bars钢筋网wire mesh; steel wire fabric钢筋网示意schematic arrangement of wire mesh钢肋插入法rib-and-lagging method 钢模板steel form钢棚架steel crib钢丝绳岩心管钻探法wire line boring method钢纤维混凝土steel fiber reinforced concrete钢楔steel wedge钢枕brace blocking钢支撑steel support; steel beam support钢支撑应力测量measuring stress of steel support钢支架steel frame; steel beam support钢制管片steel segment钢柱steel prop; steel column钢柱脚foot plate高分子材料highly polymerized compound高岭土kaolinite高强螺栓high-tensile bolt; high strength bolt高速空气动力学high-speed aerodynamics 高性能混凝土high-performance concrete高压注浆high pressure grouting割刀drag bit; tool bit格构拱trellis arch; lattice arch格兰贝型侧卸出碴车Granbei type trolley格筛grizzly格栅钢支撑grid steel support蛤壳式抓斗clamshell bucket; clamshell grabbing crane隔热层thermal insulation layer各向同性isotropy各向异性anisotropy 给水所water supply station更新renewal更新世Pleistocene工班shift工班长foreman工程报价project quoted price工程承包contracting of project工程发包contracting out of project工程监理supervision of construction; supervision of project工程投标bidding for project工程运输engineering transportation工程招标calling for tenders of project工程组织organization of work工法制度construction method system工期延伸time extension of work工区section工区划分section division 工业雷管detonator; detonating cap工作面working face公开投标open tender; open bid供电power supply供气风机air-supply fan 拱部crown拱部混凝土arch concrete 拱顶crown of arch; arch crown; crown拱顶接头crown joint拱顶锚杆roof bolt拱顶下沉settlement of arch crown拱顶纵梁steel arched support; steel support; steel arched support拱冠crown of arch; arch crown; crown拱架form for tunnel lining; form for arch concrete拱架榀数set of arch拱架垫梁wall beam拱架模板lagging of arch-center 拱架支护protective center; protective arch rib拱肩shoulders拱脚spring line拱脚托梁curb concrete 拱脚斜块skew-back拱肋arch rib拱肋与背板支护rib-and-lagging拱模方木板form laggings 拱穹vault拱圈arch拱圈封顶closing the top of wall拱圈模型架center; centering拱矢rise of arch拱形明洞arch open cut tunnel; arch tunnel without cover; arch gallery拱形压花钢板Bernold sheet拱形支撑arch-type support拱座arch skewback; abutment of arch勾缝pointing; plastering 沟槽trench沟槽壁slurry trench wall 沟底坡gradient of side ditch沟身边坡ditch slope沟身断面cross-section of side drain构架单体single frame构件名称member name 构件支撑member support; element support 构梁frame构造筋structural bar构造要求structural requirement构造柱structural pillar 构筑体masonry估价单quotation; estimation箍筋hooped bar; stirrup 古第三纪Palaeogene古典计算方法classic calculation method古生代Palaeozoic古新世Palaeocene骨架skeleton固定钉nail 固定方法fixation method 固定铁丝fixing wire固结沉降settlement due to consolidation固结试验consolidation test固结系数coefficient of consolidation固体烧碱solid caustic soda故障malfunction刮板式输送机scraper conveyor拐弯点point of curvature; knee point关键工程key project关节盾构articulated shield观测孔observation hole管材支护pipe support管棚法pipe roof protection; pipe-shed support管棚护顶pipe roof protection; pipe-shed support管棚支护pipe-shed support; pipe roofing support管片segment管片衬砌环分块数目number of divided segment; number of segments管片吊钩segment hanger 管片高度height of segment管片接头segment joint管片宽度segment width 管片台车segment wagon 贯穿breakthrough贯入推进push in of cutting edge贯通breakthrough灌浆grouting灌浆孔grouting vent; grouting hole灌浆锚杆grouted bolt灌浆压力grouting pressure罐笼cage光弹性学photoelasticity 光弹性应变仪photoelastic strain gage 光面爆破smooth blasting 光面爆破法smooth wall blasting techniques 规范specification规则regulations硅石silica滚刀掘进机球齿钻头roller cutter滚花旋盘knurled knob 过渡段transition section 过渡工程transition project过期罚款liquidate damage过剩气压excessive air pressure过水断面runoff cross-section过水断面积discharge area过水断面湿周wetted perimeter of cross-section area过早起爆premature firing; premature explosionH海茨曼炮塞Haitzman plug害虫vermin含水层aquifer; waterbearing layer含水量water content; moisture content涵洞culvert寒武纪Cambrian焊缝welding seam焊缝强度strength of welding seam焊接welding夯实tamping; compacting耗电量energy consumption合用沟multi service tunnel河岸台地river terrace核心core核心部分core黑色片岩black schist横撑brace; transverse brace; strut; horizontal strut; wale; waling横档ledge; waling横洞transverse adit; transverse gallery; horizontal adit; level drift 横坑道adit; gallery横肋side rib横梁cross beam 横坡transverse slope横通道transverse passageway横向通风系统transverse ventilation system横向移车机car-passer横向振动lateral vibration 红丹minium洪积层diluvium洪水flooding后方台车trailing carriage 后期荷载residual load后续下沉following settlement后张法posttensioning后支撑real support弧长arc length糊炮mud capping互层alteration of strata 护顶锚杆roof bolt护拱haunching; haunched arch护基混凝土reinforcement concrete of supports legs花岗斑岩quartz porphyry花岗闪长岩granodiorite花岗石granite花岗岩石碑granite plate 花台flower bed滑动底盘sliding floor滑动地板slide floor; Jacobs floor滑动式拱顶纵梁sliding crown bar滑动移车板sledge滑坡landslide; land creep 滑坍landslide; land creep 化学药液注浆chemical injection化学作用chemical action 环ring环保工程work of environmental protection 环缝circular seam环筋hooped bar环境CO度ambient CO level环境environment环境调查environmental survey环境评价environment assessment环境影响environmental impact 环流circulation环形接头ring joint环形开挖法ring cut method环形支撑ring support缓爆delay blasting缓爆效果multi stage explosion effect缓冲爆破法cushion blasting缓和曲线transition curve; easement curve缓和照明adoption lighting缓流设施subcritical flow installation灰窑lime kiln辉长岩gabbro辉绿凝辉岩shalstein辉绿岩diabase辉石pyroxene回弹rebound回弹率rate of rebound回归方程regression equation回归分析regression analysis回流水water back-flow回填backfill; back filling 回填边缘线boundary of refilling回填乱石back-filling with rubble回填土砂filling earth回填线backfill line回转罗盘gyrocompass回转台turntable汇水区catchment会车intersect混合围岩mixed ground 混凝土泵concrete pump 混凝土垫层concrete cushion; concrete bedding course混凝土干料分拌法dry batch system混凝土管片concrete segment混凝土回弹concrete rebound混凝土浇注机pneumatic concrete placer混凝土强度等级class of concrete strength混凝土输送泵concrete pump 混凝土速凝剂concrete accelerator混凝土支撑板concrete support plate活动模板sliding formwork活断层active fault活塞作用piston effect火成碎屑流pyroclastic flow火成碎屑岩pyroclastic rock火成岩igneous rock火山volcano火山灰volcanic ash火山角砾岩volcanic breccia火山泥流volcanic mud flow火山岩volcanic rock火药explosives; powder 火灾fire disaster; fireJ机具台架chassis机械开挖mechanical excavation机械开挖盾构mechanical shield。