英语介词用法归类（配练习）一、表示方位的介词in, to, on1. in 表示在某地范围之内。

Shanghai is/lies in the east of China.上海在中国的东部。

2. to 表示在某地范围之外。

Japan is/lies to the east of China.日本位于中国的东面。

3. on 表示与某地相邻或接壤。

Mongolia is/lies on the north of China.蒙古国位于中国北边。

二、表示计量的介词at, for, by1. at表示“以……速度”“以……价格”。

It flies at about 900 kilometers an hour.它以每小时900公里的速度飞行。

I sold my car at a high price.我以高价出售了我的汽车。

2. for表示“用……交换，以……为代价”。

He sold his car for 500 dollars.他以五百元把车卖了。

注意：at表示单价(price) ，for表示总钱数。

3. by表示“以……计”，后跟度量单位。

They paid him by the month.他们按月给他计酬。

Here eggs are sold by weight.在这里鸡蛋是按重量卖的。

三、表示材料的介词of, from, in1. of成品仍可看出原料。

This box is made of paper.这个盒子是纸做的。

2. from成品已看不出原料。

Wine is made from grapes.葡萄酒是葡萄酿成的。

3. in表示用某种材料或语言。

Please fill in the form in pencil first.请先用铅笔填写这个表格。

They talk in English.他们用英语交谈。

四、表示工具或手段的介词：by, with, on1. by用某种方式，多用于交通。

I went there by bus.我坐公共汽车去那儿。

2. with表示“用某种工具”。

He broke the window with a stone.他用石头把玻璃砸坏了。

注意：with表示用某种工具时，必须用冠词或物主代词。

3. on表示“以……方式”，多用于固定词组。

They talked on the telephone.他们通过电话进行交谈。

She learns English on the radio/on TV.她通过收音机/电视学英语。

五、表示关于的介词of, about, on1. f仅是提到或谈到过某人或某事。

He spoke of the film the other day.他前几天提到了这部影片。

2. about指“关于”某人或某事物的较详细的情况。

Can you tell me something about yourself?你能告诉我关于你自己的事情吗？3. on指“关于”学术性的或严肃的事。

It’s a textbook on the history of china.它是一本有关中国历史的教科书。

六、表原因或理由的介词for, at, from, of, with, by, because of1. for表示原因，与sorry, famous, punish, praise, thank, blame连用。

I am sorry for what I said to you.我后悔不该对你讲那些话。

2. at指情感变化的原因，意为“因听到或看到而……”。

He was surprised at the news.听到这消息他大吃一惊。

3. from指“外在的原因”，如受伤、车祸等。

He died from the wound.他因受伤而致死。

4. of指“内在的原因”，如病、饿等。

The old man died of hunger.老人死于饥饿。

5. with指生理上或情感上的由外界到内心的原因。

Hearing the news, he jumped with joy.他们听到这个消息，欣喜若狂。

He was shaking with anger.他气得浑身发抖。

6. by表示外部的，尤其是暴力的或无意中造成某种结果的原因。

Her body was bent by age.他因年老背弯了。

She took your umbrella by mistake.我因弄错拿了你的雨伞。

7. because of 表示引起结果的直接原因。

He retired last month because of illness/because he ill.8. owing to多表示引起某不良后果的原因。

Owing to the rain they could not come.由于下雨他们没来。

9. thanks to表示引起某种幸运结果的原因，常译为“幸亏……，多亏……”。

Thanks to John, we won the game.多亏约翰，我们才赢了这场比赛。

10. out of表示动机的起因，常译为“出于……”。

He asked the question out of curiosity.他出于好奇才问了那个问题。

11. through多表示因局部而影响全局的原因。

The war was lost through bad organization.战争因组织不周而失败了。

七、表示好像或当作的介词：like, as1. like表示“像……一样”，其实不是。

Peter the Great, like his country, was strong and proud.彼得大帝像他的国家一样强健和自豪。

2. as表示“作为，以……身份”，其实也是。

He talked to me as a father.他以父亲的身份跟我谈话。

注：as作连词时，可表示“好像……”。

The work is not so difficult as you imagine.这工作不像你想像的那么困难。

八、表示支持或反对的介词：against, foragainst反对，for支持，互为反义词。

Are you for my idea or against it?你赞同还是反对我的想法？九、表示除某人某物外的介词：besides, excep1. besides是包括后面所提人或物在内的“除……外，还”。

Thirty students went to the cinema besides him.除他以外，还有30个学生去看了电影（共计31人去）。

He is interested in tennis besides（=as well as）football.他对足球和网球都感兴趣。

2. except是指不包括后面所提人或物在内的“除去”。

Everyone is excited except me.除我以外的每个人都很激动（我并不激动）。

All the visitors are Japanese except him.除他以外的所有游客都是日本人。

（他不是日本人）注意：(A) except通常与表示全体的all, every连用；若与other 连用，只能用besides。

He had other people to take care of besides me.除我之外,他还要照顾别人。

(B) except是排除同类；而except for是排除非同类，常在说明基本情况后，从细节上加上修正。

The composition is very good except for a few spelling mistakes.除了几处拼写错误之外，这篇作文整体还是不错的。

(作文与拼写错误是非同类的)但except for 有时也可代替except，特别是在句首时，因为except 是不能用于句首的。

Except for George, you can all go. 除乔治外，你们都可以去。

试试身手用适当介词填空：1. The teacher is writing ____ a piece of chalk on the blackboard while the students are writing ____ink in exercise books.2. The worker can make chairs ____ wood, and also can make paper ____ wood.3. Mary dropped in ____ Mr Smith, but he wasn' t at home, so she went to drop in ____ Mr Smith's office.4. The teacher is not only strict ____ his pupils but also strict ____ hisown work.5. He took a cup of tea, and went on______ the story。

6. If you run ____ two hares you will catch neither.7. This is a common mistake ____ students.8. My father began to work ____ a bus driver when he was twenty years old.9. _____ hearing the news, I was wild ____ joy.10.I don' t think Xiao Li is ____ the other students ____ mathematics.11. The window is never opened ____ in summer.12. We go to school ____ a bike.13. It's very kind____ you to repair the bike ____ me.14. Fresh air is good ____ your health.15.The boy is waiting ____ his sister and they will go to the hospital to wait ____ their sick mother.16.The group is made up____five students. And they are studying hard to make up____ the lost time.17.The PLA man saved the boy ____ death.18. He will come ____ three days.19. He went to Beijing and returned ____ three days.20. He will return____ three o'clock.21.I agree ____ what you said.22. Finally they agreed ____ the terms of the contract.23. Do you often hear____ your brother?24.1 heard ____ the book long ago, but I have never read it.25. The plane flew ____ the city.26. We walked ____ the Tian An Men Square to the Museum of Chinese History.27.I was wandering ____ the streets when I caught sight of a tailor's shop.28. ____ the sun, nothing would grow.29. We left Xi' an ___ a very hot summer afternoon.30. She felt disappointed when she found out they had gone swimming____ her.31. His teacher was angry ____ him ____ his being late.32. My father was disappointed ____ the news.33. Mr Wang went to Nanjing ___October,1998 and came back home ____the morning of Nov. 5.34 .My uncle lives ____ 105 Huanghe Street. His room is ____ the fifth floor.35. I don't think you can work out the maths problem ____ the teacher's help.36. He is running ___the wind towards the east of the station .37. In Hangzhou Mr Green was so struck ___the beauty of nature that he stayed ___another night.38. Many people are still ____ the habit of writing silly things ____public places.39. I made the coat ____ my own hands. It was made ____ hand, not witha machine.40. The trees ____ front of the house are ____ the charge of Old Li.41. The old man died ____ cold ____ a cold night.42. Does John know any other foreign languages ____ French?43.To tell you the truth, I have nothing to do ____ it.44. Something must be done to prevent our city ____ being polluted by thick smoke.45. Henry, together ____ Mary and Tom, is coming to China for a visit.46. Taiwan is ____ the east of Fujian.47. His father will be back from London ____ a few days.48. We offered him our congratulations ____ his passing the college entrance exams.49 .The word "write" has the same pronunciation ____ the word "right".50. The train leaves ____ 6: 00 p. m. So I have to be at the station ____ 5:40 p. m. at the latest.51. Go ____ the gate and you' 11 find the entrance ____ the park ____ the other side.52. One ____ five will have the chance to join in the game.53. Because of her devotion _____ music, she has become friendly with Mr. Zhang.54. What idea can a man who is blind from birth have_____ color?55. Some people say that we live _____ the age of computers.56. I saw Jack yesterday. He told me that he would stay here _____ the end of this year.57. _____most students, she was always well prepared and never came to class late.58. Let's walk over ___the shop on the other side of the street.59. The number of the employees has grown from 1,000 to 1,200. This means it has risen ____20 percent.60. ____production up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year.61. I know nothing about the young lady ___ that she is from Beijing.62.---You are so lucky.---What do you mean ____that?63.There were a lot of people standing at the door and the small girl couldn’t get _____.64. --- When do we need to pay the balance?--- __________ September 30.65.More and more young people are fond ___ playing tennis nowadays.66.People have always been curious ____ how living things on the earth exactly began.67.---Can he take charge of the computer company?---I'm afraid it's ________ his ability.68.After the earthquake，the injured were cared _________ in the hospitals or taken by air to the hospitals in the neighbouring cities.69.This new model of car is so expensive that it is _______ the reach of those with average income.70.It’s quite ____ me why such things have been allowed to happen.参考答案：1.with, in2.of, from3. on. at4. with, in5. with6. after7.among8. as9. On, with10.behind, in11. except12.on 13. of,for14.for 15.for,on 16.of,for17.from 18.in 19. after 20. at 21.with 22.on 23. from 24.of 25. over 26.across 27. through28. Without 29. on 30. without 31.with,for 32. at33. in;on34 .at;on 35. without36.against 37. by;for 38. in;in39. with; by40. in; in41. of;on42. besides43.with44. from 45. with46. to47.in48. on49 .as50. at;by51. through; to; on 52. in53. to 54. of 55. in 56. Till/until 57. Like 58. to 59. by 60. With 61. except 62.by 63. through64. By65. of 66. about67. beyond 68.for 69. beyond 70.beyond。