与奥运有关的常用术语2008年，奥运会将在北京举行。

作为中国人，我们都想对奥运会有一个更全面的了解，尤其是怎么用英语表达，我想通过一些常用的术语以及句子来增强对它的了解。

首先，我们来了解常用的术语：奥运会Olympic Games奥运会选拔赛Olympic trial国际奥委会International Olympic Committee奥运会会歌Olympic Anthem奥运火炬Olympic torch奥运会代表团Olympic delegation奥运村Olympic village组委会organization committee开幕式opening ceremony闭幕式closing ceremony吉祥物mascot颁奖台podium其次，我们通过一些句子来增强对奥运会的了解。

The international Olympic Committee constituted itself on 23rd June 1894.国际奥委会于1894年6月23日成立。

The Olympic symbol, the five interlocking rings, represents the union of the five continents and the meeting of the athletes of the world at the Olympic Games.奥林匹克的标志是五个相连的圆环，它代表着五大洲的团结和全世界运动员在奥运会上相聚一堂。

The official languages of the IOC are French and English.国际奥委会的官方语言是法语和英语。

The Olympic flame is a symbol reminiscent of the ancient Olympic Games.奥运圣火是人们缅怀古代奥运会的象征。

The Olympic Games consist of the Games of the Olympiad and the Olympic Winter Games. Both take place every four years.奥运会包括夏季奥运会和冬季奥运会，它们都是每四年举办一次。

The Olympic Games shall be proclaimed open by the Head of State of the host country.奥运会由东道国国家元首宣布开幕。

The delegation parade in alphabetical order according to the language of the host country, except for Greece, which leads the parade, and for the host country which brings up the rear.代表团按东道国语言文字的字母顺序入场。

希腊和东道国例外，希腊代表团第一个入场，东道国代表团最后一个入场。

奥运体育项目中英对照（一）acrobatic gymnastics技巧运动athletics/track & field田径beach海滩boat race赛艇bobsleigh/bobsled雪橇boxing拳击canoe slalom激流划船canoe赛艇chess象棋cricket板球cycling自行车diving跳水downhill race速降滑雪赛，滑降dragon-boat racing赛龙船dressage盛装舞步equestrian骑马fencing击剑figure skating花样滑冰football（英语）/soccer（美语）足球freestyle自由式gliding；sailplaning滑翔运动golf高尔夫球Greece-Roman wrestling古典式摔跤gymnastic apparatus体操器械gymnastics体操handball手球hockey曲棍球hold，lock揪钮horizontal bar单杠hurdles/hurdle race跨栏比赛huttle cock kicking踢毽子ice skating滑冰indoor室内item Archery箭术judo柔道jumping障碍kayak皮划艇mat exercises垫上运动modern pentathlon现代五项运动mountain bike山地车parallel bars双杠polo马球relative work造型跳伞relay race；relay接力rings吊环roller skating滑旱冰rowing划船rugby橄榄球sailing——帆船shooting射击side horse/ pommelled horse鞍马ski jump跳高滑雪ski jumping competition跳高滑雪比赛ski滑雪板skiing滑雪slalom障碍滑雪softball垒球surfing冲浪swimming游泳table tennis乒乓球taekwondo跆拳道tennis网球toxophily射箭track赛道trampoline蹦床trapeze秋千triathlon铁人三项tug-of-war拔河volleyball排球badminton羽毛球baseball棒球basketball篮球walking；walking race竞走wall bars肋木water polo水球weightlifting 举重weights 重量级winter sports 冬季运动wrestling 摔跤yacht 游艇Individual Sports 体育项目gymnastics体操gymnastic apparatus 体操器械horizontal bar单杠parallel bars双杠rings吊环trapeze秋千wall bars肋木side horse，pommelled horse 鞍马weight-lifting举重weights重量级boxing拳击Greece-Roman wrestling 古典式摔跤hold，lock揪钮judo柔道fencing击剑winter sports冬季运动skiing滑雪ski滑雪板downhill race速降滑雪赛，滑降slalom障碍滑雪ski jumping competition 跳高滑雪比赛ski jump跳高滑雪ice skating滑冰figure skating花样滑冰roller skating滑旱冰bobsleigh，bobsled雪橇Bicycle Motorcycle 自行车，摩托车car车类运动velodrome，cycling stadium 自行车赛车场road race公路赛race计时赛chase追逐赛motorcycle，motorbike 摩托车racing car 赛车racing driver 赛车驾驶员rally汽车拉力赛manager经纪人instructor教练，技术指导guide领队trainer助理教练manager经纪人instructor教练，技术指导guide领队trainer助理教练professional职业运动员amateur业余运动员，爱好者enthusiast，fan迷，爱好者favourite可望取胜者（美作：favorite）outsider无取胜希望者championship冠军赛，锦标赛champion冠军record纪录record holder纪录创造者ace网球赛中的一分Winter Olympics冬季奥林匹克运动会Universiade世界大学生运动会stadium运动场track跑道ring圈ground，field场地pitch（足球、橄榄球）场地court网球场team，side队referee，umpire（网球。

棒球）裁判linesman，touch judge （橄榄球）裁判contestant，competitor，player 运动员Olympic Games，Olympics 奥林匹克运动会Football 足球football，soccer，Association football 足球field，pitch足球场midfield中场kick-off circle中圈half-way line中线football，eleven足球队football player足球运动员goalkeeper，goaltender，goalie 守门员back后卫left back左后卫right back右后卫centre half back中卫half back前卫left half back左前卫right half back右前卫forward前锋centre forward，centre 中锋inside left forward，inside left 左内锋inside right forward，inside right 右内锋outside left forward，outside left 左边锋outside right forward，outside right 右边锋kick-off开球bicycle kick，overhead kick 倒钩球chest-high ball平胸球corner ball，corner 角球goal kick球门球ground ball，grounder 地面球hand ball手触球header头球penalty kick点球spot kick罚点球free kick罚任意球throw-in掷界外球ball handling控制球block tackle正面抢截body check身体阻挡bullt球门前混战fair charge合理冲撞chesting胸部挡球close-marking defence 钉人防守close pass，short pass 短传consecutive passes连续传球deceptive movement假动作diving header鱼跃顶球flying headar跳起顶球dribbling盘球finger-tip save（守门员）托救球clean catching（守门员）跳球抓好flank pass边线传球high lobbing pass高吊传球scissor pass交叉传球volley pass凌空传球triangular pass三角传球rolling pass，ground pass 滚地传球slide tackle铲球clearance kick解除危险的球to shoot射门grazing shot贴地射门close-range shot近射long drive远射mishit未射中offside越位to pass the ball传球to take a pass接球spot pass球传到位to trap脚底停球to intercept截球to break through，to beat 带球过人to break loose摆脱to control the midfield 控制中场to disorganize the defence 破坏防守to fall back退回to set a wall筑人墙to set the pace掌握进攻节奏to ward off an assault 击退一次攻势to break up an attack 破坏一次攻势ball playing skill控球技术total football全攻全守足球战术open football拉开的足球战术off-side trap越位战术wing play边锋战术shoot-on-sight tactics 积极的抢射战术time wasting tactics 拖延战术Brazilian formation 巴西阵式，4-2-4 阵式four backs system四后卫制four-three-three formation 4-3-3 阵式four-two-four formation 4-2-4 阵式red card红牌（表示判罚出场）yellow card黄牌（表示警告）Tennis 网球tennis网球运动lawn tennis草地网球运动grass court草地网球场racket球拍racket press球拍夹gut，string（球拍的）弦line ball触线球baseline ball 底线球sideline ball 边线球straight ball 直线球down-the-line shot 边线直线球crosscourt斜线球high ball，lob 高球low ball低球long shot长球short shot短球cut削球smash抽球jump smash跃起抽球spin旋转球low drive抽低球volley截击空中球low volley低截球deep ball深球heavy ball重球net落网球flat stroke平击球flat drive平抽球let重发球fluke，set-up，easy 机会球ground stroke 击触地球wide打出边线的球overhead smash，overhand smash 高球扣杀game局set盘fifteen all一平thirty all二平forty all三平deuce局末平分，盘末平局love game一方得零分的一局double fault双误，两次发球失误‘not up’两跳，还击前球着地两次service line发球线fore court前场back court后场centre mark中点server发球员receiver接球员Riding and Horse Riding 赛马riding骑马racecourse，racetrack 跑马场，赛马场jockey，polo 马球rider马球运动员show jumping competition 跳跃赛steeplechase 障碍赛fence障碍trotter快跑的马riding骑马racecourse，racetrack 跑马场，赛马场jockey，polo 马球rider马球运动员show jumping competition 跳跃赛steeplechase 障碍赛fence障碍trotter快跑的马Athletics 竞技race跑middle-distance race 中长跑long-distance runner 长跑运动员sprint短跑（美作：dash）Words of Sports：Athletics 竞技race跑middle-distance race 中长跑long-distance runner 长跑运动员sprint短跑（美作：dash）the 400 metre hurdles 400米栏marathon马拉松decathlon十项cross-country race越野跑jump跳跃jumping跳跃运动high jump跳高long jump跳远（美作：broad jump）triple jump，hop step and jump 三级跳pole vault撑竿跳throw投掷throwing投掷运动putting the shot，shot put 推铅球throwing the discus掷铁饼throwing the hammer掷链锤throwing the javelin 掷标枪walk竞走jump跳跃jumping跳跃运动high jump跳高long jump跳远（美作：broad jump）triple jump,hop step and jump三级跳pole vault撑竿跳throw投掷throwing投掷运动putting the shot,shot put推铅球throwing the discus掷铁饼throwing the hammer掷链锤throwing the javelin掷标枪walk竞走Football足球football, soccer, Association football足球field, pitch足球场midfied中场kick-off circle中圈half-way line中线football, eleven足球队football player足球运动员goalkeeper, goaltender, goalie守门员back后卫left左后卫right back右后卫centre half back中卫half back前卫left half back左前卫right half back右前卫forward前锋centre forward,centre中锋inside left forward, inside left左内锋inside right forward, inside right右内锋outside left forward, outside left左边锋outside right forward, outside right右边锋kick-off开球bicycle kick, overhead kick倒钩球chest-high ball平胸球corner ball, corner角球goal kick球门球ground ball, grounder地面球hand ball手触球header头球penalty kick点球spot kick罚点球free kick罚任意球throw-in掷界外球ball handling控制球block tackle正面抢截body check身体阻挡bullt球门前混战fair charge合理冲撞chesting胸部挡球close-marking defence钉人防守close pass, short pass短传consecutive passes连续传球deceptive movement假动作diving header鱼跃顶球flying headar跳起顶球dribbling盘球finger-tip save（守门员）托救球clean catching（守门员）跳球抓好flank pass边线传球high lobbing pass高吊传球scissor pass交叉传球volley pass凌空传球triangular pass三角传球rolling pass, ground pass滚地传球slide tackle铲球clearance kick解除危险的球to shoot射门grazing shot贴地射门close-range shot近射long drive远射mishit未射中offside越位to pass the ball传球to take a pass接球spot pass球传到位to trap脚底停球to intercept截球to break through,to beat带球过人to break loose摆脱to control the midfield控制中场to disorganize the defense破坏防守to fall back退回to set a wall筑人墙to set the pace掌握进攻节奏to ward off an assault击退一次攻势to break up an attack破坏一次攻势ball playing skill控球技术total football全攻全守足球战术open football拉开的足球战术off-side trap越位战术wing play边锋战术shoot-on-sight tactics积极的抢射战术time wasting tactics拖延战术Brazilian formation巴西阵式，4-2-4 阵式four backs system四后卫制four-three-three formation4-3-3 阵式four-two-four formation4-2-4 阵式red card红牌（表示判罚出场）yellow card黄牌（表示警告）General Terms一般词汇manager经纪人instructor教练，技术指导guide领队trainer助理教练professional职业运动员amateur业余运动员，爱好者enthusiast, fan迷，爱好者favourite可望取胜者（美作：favorite）outsider无取胜希望者championship冠军赛，锦标赛champion冠军record纪录record holder纪录创造者ace网球赛中的一分Winter Olympics冬季奥林匹克运动会Universiade世界大学生运动会stadium运动场track跑道ring圈ground, field场地pitch（足球、橄榄球）场地court网球场team, side队referee, umpire（网球、棒球）裁判linesman,touch judge（橄榄球）裁判contestant,competitor,player运动员棒球和垒球相关词汇（一）baseball棒球baseball field, baseball ground棒球场softball垒球softball field, softball ground垒球场infield, diamond内场outfield外场fair territory界内地区foul territory界外地区棒球和垒球相关词汇（二）foul line边线base line垒间线base垒bag垒垫，垒包home base本垒first base一垒second base二垒third base三垒棒球和垒球相关词汇（三）play deep后撤防守appeal play申诉行为called game有效比赛forfeited game比赛弃权batting average安打率fielding average防守率earned run投手责任失分complete game无安打无得分获胜的比赛棒球和垒球相关词汇（四）bench, dug-out队员席bull-pen候补投手练习区glove手套，分指手套milt合指手套bat球棒mask护面chest protector护胸leg protector护腿棒球和垒球相关词汇（五）supporter护裆helmet护帽baseball player棒球运动员softball player垒球运动员pitcher投手catcher接手fielder守场员baseman守垒员棒球和垒球相关词汇（六）infielder内场手first baseman一垒手second baseman 二垒手third baseman 三垒手shortstop 游击手outfielder 外场手batter, hitter 击球员base-runner 跑垒员棒球和垒球相关词汇（七）batter-runner 击跑员relief pitcher 候援投手designated hitter （DH）指名击球员coacher 跑垒指导员manager 总教练plate umpire 司球裁判员base umpire 司垒裁判员inning 局次棒球和垒球相关词汇（八）visiting team 先攻队home team 后攻队offensive team 攻队defensive team 守队pitching 投手投球windup position 正面投球法set up position 侧身投球法sling shot 后摆投球法棒球和垒球相关词汇（九）wind mill 绕环投球法8 figure 8字投球法throwing 传球catching 接球fielding 防守batting, hitting 击球base running 跑垒stealing 偷垒棒球和垒球相关词汇（十）sliding 滑垒strike zone 好球区fair ball 界内球foul ball 界外球illegal pitch 不合法投球illegally batted ball 不合法击球bunt 触击球foul tip 擦棒球棒球和垒球相关词汇（十一）bunting 触击swing 挥击ground ball, grounder 地滚球liner, line drive 平直球fly ball 腾空球hit, safety hit 安全打one base hit 一垒打棒球和垒球相关词汇（十二）two base hit 二垒打three base hit 三垒打home run, homer 本垒打sacrifice hit 牺牲打sacrifice bunt 牺牲触击sacrifice fly 牺牲腾空球squeeze bunt 抢分触击run and hit, hit and run 击跑配合战术棒球和垒球相关词汇（十三）safe 安全上垒base on balls 四球安全上垒struck-out 三击出局run, score 得分batting order 击球次序wild pitch 暴投pick-off 牵制跑垒员的传球balk 投手犯规棒球和垒球相关词汇（十四）put-out 接杀out, down, away 出局touch out 触杀force out 封杀assist 助杀run down 夹杀double play, double kill 双杀triple play, triple kill 三杀棒球和垒球相关词汇（十五）wild throw 野传球passed ball 接手漏接球ball in play, live ball 继续比赛，活球ball not in play, dead ball 死球cover 补位back up 策应cut-off 拦接play shallow 近迫防守足球英语（球队称谓篇）coach 教练head coach 主教练football player 足球运动员referee 裁判lineman 巡边员captain / leader 队长forward / striker 前锋midfielder 前卫left midfielder 左前卫right midfielder 右前卫attacking midfielder 攻击型前卫（前腰）defending midfielder 防守型前卫（后腰）center forward 中锋full back 后卫center back 中后卫left back 左后卫right back 右后卫sweeper 清道夫，拖后中卫goalkeeper / goalie 守门员cheer team 拉拉队足球英语（比赛方式篇）half-time interval 中场休息round robin 循环赛group round robin 小组循环赛extra time 加时赛elimination match 淘汰赛injury time 伤停补时golden goal / sudden death 金球制，突然死亡法eighth-final 八分之一决赛quarterfinal 四分之一决赛semi-final 半决赛final match 决赛preliminary match 预赛one-sided game 一边倒的比赛competition regulations 比赛条例disqualification 取消比赛资格match ban 禁赛命令doping test 药检draw / sortition 抽签send a player off 判罚出场red card 红牌yellow card 黄牌goal 球门，进球数draw 平局goal drought 进球荒ranking 排名（名次）足球英语（足球战术篇）set the pace 掌握进攻节奏ward off an assault 击退一次攻势break up an attack 破坏一次攻势disorganize the defence 搅乱防守total football 全攻全守足球战术open football 拉开的足球战术off-side trap 越位战术wing play 边锋战术time wasting tactics 拖延战术4-3-3 formation 433阵型4-4-2 formation 442阵型beat the offside trap 反越位成功foul 犯规technical foul 技术犯规break loose 摆脱control the midfield 控制中场set a wall 筑人墙close-marking defence 盯人防守足球英语（场地名称篇）field / pitch 足球场midfield 中场backfield 后场kickoff circle / center circle 中圈halfway line 中线touchline / sideline 边线goal line 球门线end line 底线penalty mark （点球）罚球点penalty area 禁区（罚球区）goal area 小禁区（球门区）足球英语（足球技术篇）kick-off 开球bicycle kick / overhead kick 倒钩球chest-high ball 半高球corner ball / corner 角球goal kick 球门球handball 手球header 头球penalty kick 点球place kick 定位球own goal 乌龙球hat-trick 帽子戏法free kick 任意球direct free kick 直接任意球indirect free kick 间接任意球stopping 停球chesting 胸部停球pass 传球short pass 短传long pass 长传cross pass 横传spot pass 球传到位consecutive passes 连续传球take a pass 接球triangular pass 三角传球flank pass 边线传球lobbing pass 高吊传球volley pass 凌空传球slide tackle 铲球rolling pass / ground pass 地滚球flying header 跳起顶球clearance kick 解围shoot 射门close-range shot 近射long shot 远射offside 越位throw-in 掷界外球block tackle 正面抢截body check 阻挡fair charge 合理冲撞diving header 鱼跃顶球dribbling 盘球，带球clean catching （守门员）接高球finger-tip save （守门员）托救球offside 越位deceptive movement 假动作break through 突破kick-out 踢出界足球英语：“出局”怎么说轰轰烈烈世界杯，有人欢喜有人愁。