短文改错的十大常见错误类型和分类训练01动词错误动词在考试中占有很大比重。
常见的错误类型有：①时态错用；②主谓不一致；③句中有多个动词时，缺少非谓语动词；④缺少谓语动词，尤其是缺少系动词be；⑤主动、被动语态错用；⑥某些词后要求接动名词或不定式；⑦介词后没用动词-ing。
真题示例1. All the football players on the playground cheered loudly, say that I had a talent for football. 2019 全国卷Ⅰ2. They would say to me that playing card games would help my brain. Still I unwilling to play the games with them sometimes. 2018 全国卷Ⅱ练习每句中只有一处错误。
每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
1.She wants you call her back as soon as you are home.2.My parents allow me to choose between staying at home and take a trip.3.When I was a child, my family live in Beijing.4.I’m looking forward to visit the art gallery next week.5.She will tell you her journey when she get a chance to.6.Neither he nor I is any the wiser as to the real cause of the accident.7.This will be a good opportunity exchange experience.8.I have a new roommate name Louis.9.What suprised us most there were the beauty of the scenes.10.The goods she has bought for herself was mostly from the hotel.11.The English evening has put off till Saturday.12. There was all sorts of unacceptable behaviour, some of which were so serious that they could have ended up in court.答案：真题示例1.say→ saying 2. unwilling前加was练习：1. call前加to 2. take → taking 3. live → lived 4. visit → visiting 5. get → gets6. is → am（就近原则）7. exchange前加to8. name → named9. were → was10. was → were 11. put前加been 12. was → were02形容词、副词错误常见错误类型有：①形容词和副词的错用；②比较级，最高级的错用或修辞语的错用；③以-ing和-ed结尾的形容词的错用。
真题示例1. I became interesting in playing football thanks to a small accident. 2019 全国卷Ⅰ2. First, I wanted to be a fireman, whose uniform looked so coolly. 2019 全国卷Ⅱ练习每句中只有一处错误。
每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
1. Afraid of difficulties, they prefer to take the easily road.2. He is much concerned about others than about himself.3. She is the more active member in our group.4. I’m better at science than my sister, but worst than my brother.5. It is really amazed that the once-ruined place has now been turned into a beautiful school.答案真题示例1. interesting → interested2. coolly → cool练习1.easily → easy（形容词修饰名词；副词修饰动词、形容词）2. much → more或much后加more3. more → most4. worst → worse5. amazed → amazing03连词错误常见错误类型有：①并列连词and / or / but等错用；②从属连词错用，特别是状语从句中的连词。
真题示例One afternoon where I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground. 2019 全国卷Ⅰ练习每句中只有一处错误。
每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
1. Bring these flowers into a warm room or they will open soon.2.My father is lively and energetic, and he is not very patient.3.We couldn’t send the children to school so life was very hard in those days.4.I was just reading a book while she came into my room.5.The robber shouted to stop crying and he would shoot.6.She was such moved that tears came to her eyes.7.I haven’t visited my teacher after I graduated.8. I don’t know which he is, but he was here a minute ago.答案：真题示例where→when练习1.or → and 2. 第二个and →but 3. so → as / because 4. while → when5.and →or6. such →so7. after →since8. which →where04代词错误常见错误类型有：①人称代词、物主代词和反身代词与其所指代的人或物不一致；②定语从句中关系代词的错用；③不定代词的错用；④多代词或少代词。
真题示例In the cafe, customers will enjoy yourselves in the historical environment that is created for them. 2019 全国卷III练习每句中只有一处错误。
每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
1. My parents were all very tired, but neither of them would stop to take a rest.2. The Bai ethnic group has a population of around two million, 90% of who live in Yunnan.3. Newspapers reach me on the day after it are published.4. Once you’ve bought a physical book, you own it: she ca n lend it to people, donate it, and, well, it’s yours.5. I don't like this hat. Show me other.6. We can’t decide something now.7. Basing an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret sooner or later.8. That is one of the most interesting books which are sold in the bookshop.9. The treatment, that is being tried by researchers, has helped a large number of patients.答案：真题示例yourselves → themselves练习1. all → both2. who → whom3. it → they4. she → you5. other → another6.something → anything7. regret后加it8.which → that9. that → which05名词错误常见错误类型有：①可数名词的单复数错用；②可数名词与不可数名词错用。
真题示例1. Since I was a kid, I’ve considered different job I would like to do.2019 全国卷Ⅱ2. Last winter when I went here again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken. 2018 全国卷Ⅰ练习每句中只有一处错误。
每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
1. I read an interesting piece of informations in the newspaper.2. A people without the knowledges of their past history, origin and culture is like a tree without roots.3. We’re having fried chickens for dinner.4. In the end, we took many group photoes.5. All our belonging were put on the backs of elephants, and the heaviest item was a piano.答案：真题示例1. job → jobs2. chicken → chickens练习rmations → information 2. knowledges → knowledge3. chickens → chicken 4.photoes → photos5. belonging → belongings06冠词错误常见错误类型有：① a、an和the的错用；②多冠词或少冠词。