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eg: If it should be fine,we would go for an outing.
Should it be fine, we would go for an outing.
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eg: If they had had time, they would have come and helped us.
would(should, could,might)+ have done
与将来 事实相反
1.过去式/were
2.should +do
3.were to+dh o
would (should, could, might) +do
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注意一：
含有虚拟语气的条件状 语从句中，如果有had, should, were可以将if 省略，再将句子的主语 和谓语实行部分倒装。
如果昨天你在这儿，就什么事都不会发生了。
如果我早到一点的话，我就会赶上那辆 公共汽车了。
If I had got there earlier, I would have caught the bus.
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与将来事实相反
虚拟条件句
主句
Did/ were should/would/
should do could/might were to do +do
If I were a bird, I could fly in the air. 如果我是一只小鸟，我就能在空中飞行。
May you succeed!
祝您成功！
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虚拟语气的应用
A. 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的 应用
B. 虚拟语气在某些从句中的应用 C. 虚拟语气在某些句型中的应用
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A. 虚拟语气在条 件状语从句中的 应用
The Subjunctive Mood
虚拟语气
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语气(mood)是一种动词形式，用以表示 说话者的意图或态度。
在英语中随着说话人意图的不同，动词需用 不同的形式，称为语气。英语语气有三种：
①陈述语气：表示动作或状态是现实的、 确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问 句和某些感叹句。 There are two sides to every question.
we _w_o_u_ld__no_t__g_o_o_u_t___(not go out). 5._W_e_r_e__(be) I in good health, I _w_o_ul_d_/_sh_o_u_ld__g_o_ (go) with you tomorrow.
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注意二：
当条件状语从句表示的行 为和主句表示的行为所发 生的时间不一致时，被称 为“错综时间条件句”，动 词的形式要根据它所表示 的时间作出相应的调整。
3. If the hurricane had
happened during the daytime,
there __w__o_ul_d_h_a_v_e_b_e_e_n__ (be)
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4.If it _ra_i_n_e_d/__s_h_o_ul_d_r_a_i_n/___ w_e_re__t_o_r_a_in_ (rain) tomorrow,
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条件状语从句分为真实条件句和非
真实条件句。
如果假设的情况与事实相反，或根本
不可能实现，或发生的可能性很小，
就是非真实条件句，即虚拟条件句。
两种条件句的谓语动词形式各不相同。
真实条件句用陈述语气的动词形式，
而非真实条件句用虚拟语气的动词形
式。
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如果我是你，我会更加努力学习英语。
If I were you, I would study English harises:
1. I _sh_o_u_l_d/_w__ou_l_d_c_o_m_e (come) too if I had time to spare.
2. I didn’t see your sister at the meeting. If she __ha_d__co_m__e__ (come), she would have met my brother.
如果现在不下雨的话，我们就出去野餐了。
If it were not raining, we should go for a picnic.
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与过去事实相反
虚拟条件句
主句
should/would
had done /might/could +have +done
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If you had been there last night, nothing would have happened.
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表示与将来事实相反，条件状 语从句中的谓语动词一般过去 时或should(were to) + 动词 原形，而主句中的谓语动词则 用would / should/ could might + 动词原形。
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If it should fail, I would try again.
要是失败了，我会再试一次。
明天要是周日的话，我们就不参加考 试了。
If it were Sunday tomorrow, we wouldn’t have an exam.
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形式情况
与现在 事实相反
条件从句
过去式(be用 were)
主句
would(should, could,might)+do
与过去
事实相反 had+done
②祈使语气：表示说话人对对方的请求、邀
请、命令、警告或劝告等。 Please be
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③虚拟语气：表示动作或状态不是客观 存在的事实，而是表示说话人的一种愿 望、建议、命令、要求、有时是一种非 真实的假设、料想，或是不可能实现的 与事实相反的愿望。
I wish you were more careful. 但愿 你更细心些。
Had they had time, they would have come and helped us.
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If it were to rain tomorrow, the football match would be put off.
Were it to rain tomorrow, the football match would be put off.