毕业论文作者：王虎学号：1004150130院系：化学工程学院专业：生物工程题目：碳纤维负载白腐真菌处理染料废水的研究指导者：魏群副教授评阅者：2014 年 6 月吉林摘要摘要合成染料已被广泛应用于许多工业领域，如纺织，印染，印刷，皮革业。
虽然合成染料的多样性结构在工业应用中有很大的价值，但合成染料的广泛应用也导致了严重的环境问题。
为了开发更高效，更具成本效益的处理方法，本实验室对白腐真菌脱色和解毒含多种染料的废水的能力进行了研究，尝试使用碳纤维固定白腐真菌，拟确定最佳工艺条件。
对碳纤维进行预处理，并分别用H2SO4、FeCl、KMnO4、HNO3对其表面含氧官能团进行改性，比较改性前后负载白腐菌处理含次甲基蓝的单一染料废水时，菌的负载量和处理效果。
然后，将聚乙烯醇-海藻酸钠包埋法和碳纤维吸附法相结合固定化白腐真菌从而增强菌的固定化效果。
结果显示：先后经H2SO4、FeCl、KMnO4、HNO3改性后的碳纤维固定化白腐真菌对单一染料废水的处理效果明显高于改性之前，更远胜游离菌对废水的处理，而改性后的碳纤维经聚乙烯醇-海藻酸钠包埋白腐真菌后处理含次甲基蓝的单一染料废水的效果更是达到了83％。
尝试利用固定化好氧反硝化菌在反应器中对混合染料废水进行连续式处理，并比较了固定化白腐真菌和好氧反硝化菌在反应器中对混合染料废水的处理效果。
以往相关课题鲜有研究经白腐真菌处理后染料废水对植物的药害性，本实验用处理后的废水灌浇农作物小麦和大米，与用限制性液体培养基灌浇作对比，比较俩种作物的发芽情况作为药害性强弱的参考。
结果显示：经白腐真菌处理后混合染料废水的药害性大幅下降。
关键词：碳纤维；固定化；白腐真菌；染料废水东北电力大学学士学位论文AbstractSynthetic dyes have been widely used in many fields of industry,such as textiles, dyeing, print, and leather industry. Although various synthetic dyes showing considerable structural diversity have great value in the industrial applications, the extensive use of synthetic dyes has also led to a serious environmental problem . The capacity of white rot fungi to decolorize and detoxify wastewater containing various dyes were studied in order to develop more efficient and cost-effective approach.try using a fixed carbon fiber white-rot fungi, intended to determine the optimum process conditions. The main contents are as follows:after the separation, purification and identification of pure white rot fungi, pretreatment of carbon fibre, and respectively - H2SO4, FeCl3 of oxygen-containing functional groups on the surface modification, compared before and after load modified white-rot fungus with Congo red, methyl orange, methylene blue and malachite green 4 kinds of bacteria as a single dye wastewater load and processing effects, and the results showed that successively after - H2SO4, FeCl3 modification of carbon fiber immobilized white-rot fungi on dye wastewater has good treatment effect, especially for malachite green dye wastewater, the removal rate of chroma reached 88%.try using immobilized aerobic denitrifying bacteria to treat mixed dye wastewater continuously in the reactor , and compared the effect of immobilized white rot fungi and aerobic denitrifying bacteria treatment for mixed dye wastewater in the reactor .although there have been many reports about the fungal decolorization of structurally different dyes, few studies have been conducted on determining the toxicity of dye effluent after decolorization by white rot fungi . In this study, the treated wastewater was used for irrigating crops of wheat and rice, and with the irrigation of restriction liquid medium for paring the germination of two crops as a reference. The results showed:the toxicity of mixed dye wastewater declined sharply after treating by white rot fungus ..Key words：Carbon fiber; Immobilization; White-rot fungi; Dye wastewater目录目录摘要 (I)Abstract (II)第1章绪论 ..................................................... - 1 -1.1 前言..................................................... - 1 -1.2 染料废水的处理技术 ....................................... - 1 -1.2.1 物理处理法.......................................... - 1 -1.2.2 生物处理法.......................................... - 5 -1.2.3 理化-生物结合法..................................... - 6 -1.3 白腐真菌................................................. - 6 -1.3.1 白腐真菌的微生物学特征............................. - 7 -1.3.2 白腐真菌的培养..................................... - 7 -1.3.3白腐真菌降解染料废水机理 ........................... - 8 -1.3.4 生物法降解染料废水的优点........................... - 9 -1.3.5 碳纤维负载白腐真菌................................. - 11 -1.4 课题的研究意义和内容.................................... - 11 -1.4.1 课题的研究意义.................................... - 11 -1.4.2 本实验的研究内容.................................. - 12 - 第2章实验材料及方法.......................................... - 13 -2.1 材料、仪器及试剂........................................ - 13 -2.1.1 菌种 .............................................. - 13 -2.1.2 试验所用仪器...................................... - 13 -2.1.3 试验试剂.......................................... - 14 -2.2 实验所用培养基.......................................... - 16 -2.3 实验所用染料............................................ - 16 -2.3.1 次甲基蓝.......................................... - 16 -2.3.2 刚果红............................................ - 17 -2.3.3 孔雀石绿.......................................... - 17 -2.3.4 甲基橙............................................ - 18 -2.4 染料废水的配制方法...................................... - 18 -2.5 白腐真菌的筛选和鉴定.................................... - 19 -2.5.1 白腐真菌的筛选与纯化.............................. - 19 -2.5.2 白腐真菌的鉴定.................................... - 20 -2.6 碳纤维的改性............................................ - 20 -2.7 聚乙烯醇-海藻酸钠包埋法固定化的微生物 .................. - 21 -2.8 染料废水脱色效果测定方法................................ - 22 -2.9 染料废水药害性的测定方法................................ - 22 -第3章碳纤维负载白腐真菌处理次甲基蓝单一染料废水.............. - 23 -3.1 实验方法................................................ - 23 -3.1.1 游离白腐真菌处理次甲基蓝单一染料废水.............. - 23 -3.1.2 碳纤维负载白腐真菌处理次甲基蓝单一染料废水........ - 23 -3.1.3 碳纤维表面含氧官能的改性.......................... - 23 -3.1.4 经改性后的碳纤维负载白腐真菌处理单一染料废水...... - 23 -3.1.5 聚乙烯醇-海藻酸钠包埋法固定化白腐真菌处理单一染料废水- 24 -3.2 结果分析................................................ - 24 -3.2.1 不同改性方法下碳纤维负载白腐真菌处理单一染料废水.. - 24 -3.2.2 聚乙烯醇-海藻酸钠包埋法和碳纤维吸附法相结合处理次甲基蓝单一染料废水............................................ - 25 -3.3 本章小结................................................ - 26 -第4章复合法固定化微生物处理染料废水......................... - 27 -4.1 实验方法................................................ - 27 -4.1.1 复合法固定化好氧反硝化处理混合染料废水............ - 27 -4.1.2 复合法固定化白腐真菌处理次甲基蓝染料废水.......... - 28 -4.2 结果分析................................................ - 28 -4.3 本章小结................................................ - 29 -第5章染料废水对植物的药害性的研究............................ - 30 -5.1 实验方法................................................ - 30 -5.2 结果分析................................................ - 30 -结论........................................................... - 33 -参考文献 ....................................................... - 34 -第1章绪论1.1 前言合成染料已被广泛应用于许多工业领域，如纺织，印染，印刷，皮革业。