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(完整版)初中英语情态动词讲解练习及答案.doc

情态动词一、考点、热点回顾【词汇辨析】1.sometimes/ some times/sometime/ some time:sometimes:有“ ”=at times. He is sometimes late for school.some times:几次“ ”I have been to Nanjing some times.sometime:某“一刻”I bought it sometime last spring.We’ ll meet again sometime next week.some time:一“段”We have to stay here for some time.2. many/ much/ a few/ a little/ few/ little(1)many 修可数名,much 修不可数名;都表示多。

例如:多多牛奶(2)a few 和 a little 都表示 " 有一点儿 " ,重于肯定,相当于"some" ,但 a few 修可数名,a little 修不可数名,例如:He has a few friends in London.---Would you like some coffee?---Yes, just a little.(3)few 和 little 表示 " 几乎没有 ",重否定。

few 后接可数名,little 后接不可数名。

例如:He is a strange man. He has few words.Hurry up, there is little time left.【固定搭配】加 -ingbe busy doing sth.忙于做⋯⋯eg: Mother is busy cooking.look forward to + doing sth.期待做⋯⋯eg: Tom looks forward to seeing his father again.Thank you for (doing) sth.了⋯感你eg: Thank you for your help.have fun doing sth愉快地做某事eg: I had great fun playing in the water.=have a good time doing sth eg: I had a good time playing in the water.have problem/trouble/difficulty (in)doing sth.做某事有困eg: I have difficulty finishing my homework in 2 hours.【情态动词】又叫情助。

它具有以下特点:⑴ 它必与其他用,即:情+原形表示人所述作的看法,如需要、可能、意愿或疑等。

⑵大多数情没有人称和数的化,即第三人称数不加-s(以 be 和 have 开的情短除外)。

⑶ 在意上,情具有“多性”。

例: can 既可表示能力,又可表示可能、允等意。

⑴表示体力或智力上的能力,即“能,会”,可与be able to。

例: He can speak English. = He is able to speak English.— Can you play basketball?— No, I can ’t.如果表示将来具的能力,要用will be able to。

例: If I have a good sleep, I will be able to do the problem.⑵表示可,主要用于口,面一般用may。

例:— Can we go home now, please?— No, you can ’t.You can only smoke in this room.You can ’t keep the library books for more than a month.⑶表示“ 可能”,与 may 同,但一般用在疑句中。

例: What can he possibly want?在否定句中,否定形式can’t表示推“不大可能”。

例: Anybody can make mistakes.The news can ’t be true.与第一、二人称用,可以就可能的解决的方式或可能的行提出建。

在里,也可用 could 使气婉。

例: Can / Could we meet again next week?下周我可以再面?— What shall we do? 我怎么呢?— We can / could try asking Lucy for help. ——我可以露茜帮忙看。

You can / could help me with the cooking.你可以帮我做。

2.may 的基本用法 :⑴表示“ 可”,用 can 比口化。

例: You may / can come if you wish.如果你想来,你就来。

You may not pick flowers in this park.本公园内不摘花。

( may not 表示按定不可,如果用mustn’t 表示人不可。

)— May I smoke here? 我可以在里抽烟?— No, you mustn ’ t不.行。

( mustn ’t表示明确的禁止。

)⑵肯定句中表示推,“可能”。

例: It may rain tomorrow.明天可能会下雨。

The news may not be true.个消息可能不会是真的。

注意:如果在疑句中表示“可能”,通常用can 。

例: Can it be true?那会是真的?Who can he be?他究竟是呢?⑶【注意】:— May I/we ⋯⋯?— Yes, you may ./— No, you mustn ’t.3.must 的基本用法 :You must be here by ten o’ clock.【注意】:表示“必“ ,must 的否定式needn’t,或 don ’thave to ,而不是 mustn’t。

也就是:— Must I/we do it now ?— Yes, you must .— No, you needn ’t/don ’t have to .例:— Must I go with them?— No, you.⑵表示推,一般只用于肯定述句,表示非常肯定。

例: She didn ’t look at me. Shemust be angry.她不朝我看,一定是生气了。

He is good at English. He must know the word.他英好,准知道个。

You must be Mr. Jones.想必您就是斯先生吧。

4. have to 的基本用法:have to 可情,但它与其他情在用法上稍有不同。

其他情没有人称和数的化,而 have to 却有人称和数的化,要主的不同而化。

例: I / You / We / They have to ⋯.He / She / It has to ⋯.You don ’havet to ⋯.Does she have to ⋯?have to =have got to ,意思是“ 必,不得不”。

和 must 不同之: must 主需要have to 客需要。

例: Sorry, I have to leave now.不起,在我得走了。

I’ve got to go to a meeting.我得去参加一个会。

Will he have to work deep into the night?他将不得不工作到深夜?5.need 的基本用法:need 的基本是“需要”,它既可作情,又可作。

⑴need 用作情,只用于否定句和疑句。

它只有一种形式,后接原形。

例: I don ’tbelieve youneed worry. 我相信你没有必要焦急。

— Need we go so soon? 我需要么早就去?— Yes, we must . / No, we needn ’t.是的,必。

/不,不必。

So I needn ’t tell him, need I?所以我不需要告他,吧?比以下两句的不同意思:You needn ’ t buythe coat.你没有必要那件外衣。

(你没)You needn ’ t have boughtthe coat.你没有必要件外衣的。

(而你却了)【注意】:— Need I/we⋯⋯?—Yes, you must ./— No, you needn ’t/don ’t have to .⑵need 用作,有、人称和数的化。

如果人作主,一般后接 to 的不定式。

即 need to do sth ;如果物作My watch needs mending /to be mended .我的手表需要修理了。

We don ’ t needto work today.(= We needn ’t work today.)Does he need to go right now? (= Need he go right now?)6. had better的基本用法:had bette r 常略作’ d better。

代法它是一个助,因它后接不to 的不定式。

had better do sth意思是“最好做某事;是做某事比好”。

例: You ’d betterget some sleep. 你最好睡一会儿。

You ’ d better notdo that again.你最好再做那件事。

What had we better do now?我在怎么做才好呢?Hadn’t we better tell her the truth?我是否最好不告她真相?【注意】: You’d better ⋯.表示告或委婉的命令,不宜使用。

7. could, should, would, might表示推:① . must 多用于肯定句中表示把握性极大的推,意思“一定、肯定”。

如 : You have worked hard all day. You must be tired.你已辛苦工作一整天了,一定累了。

The book must be his. His name is on the cover.本一定是他的,封面上写着他的名字。

【注意】must 不表推 ,在肯定句中意思“必(内在的) ”,在否定句中意思“不、禁止”,以它开的疑句否定回答常用needn’t或 don’t (doesn ’t) have。

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