中考英语重点单词和短语用法总结1cost / take / spend / pay 花费2花费时间做某事：It takes sb some time to do sth . = sb spend some time （in）doing sth .= sb spend some time on sth .某人花钱买某物：sb spend some money on sth .= sb pay some money for sth . = sth cost sb . some money .※spend 和pay 主语都是人，cost 主语是物。
※spent 还可以指“度过”→ How did you spend your weekend2thanks for为…而感谢thanks to 多亏/由于3感叹句：多么… what + 名词how + 形容词/ 副词4因为、由于：because（连词）+从句：（表示原因）because of（介词短语）+ 名词（短语）= thanks to※because和so不能同时连用。
5来自：be from = come from6How ~How often 对频率提问（多久一次）→回答用表示频率的副词或短语How long 对一段时间提问（多久）→回答用表示一段时间的状语How soon 对将来时间提问（多久）→回答用in+时间段How far 询问多长距离（多长）7乘交通工具：take a / the +交通工具在句中作谓语by+交通工具=on a 交通工具在句中作方式状语交通工具有：train/bus/car/taxi/boat/subway/plane...※骑自行车、马或驴用ride ：ride one’s bike / ride a horse / ride a donkey in one’s car8对不起：Excuse me （劳驾，客套话）Sorry （表示道歉）9声音：sound （自然界各种声音）noise（噪音）voice（悦耳的声音：嗓子）10look like （外貌看起来像… ）be like （性格像… ）11take… to … 带去bring…to …带来fetch 没有方向性（强调来回）12一些：some 用于肯定句any 用于否定句和疑问句※在一般疑问句中，认为对方的答案会是肯定的，或期望得到对方肯定回答时，也用some。
13多少：How many修饰可数名词复数How much 修饰不可数名词※How much可对价钱提问：How much are the potatoes14看：see 强调看的结果look （at ）不及物动词，强调看的动作watch 观看：比赛、电视、表演、电影read 读，朗读：看书、看报、看信、看杂志※On Saturday night. I saw an interesting talk show.On Saturday evening. several kids watched a movie. watch a movie =go to a movie15stop doing sth 停止做某事→ Please stop talkingstop to do sth 停下来去做别的事16forget / remember后接不定式表示未发生的动作forget / remember to do sth（忘记/记得去做某事）→ He forgot to turn off the light.（没有做关灯的动作）Remember to go to the post office after school.orget / remember 后接ving表示已发生的动作：△forget / remember doing sth（忘记/记得做过某事）→ He forgot turningoff the light 。
（已做过关灯的动作）17到达… reach +地点get to + 地点reach = get toarrive + in + 大地点arrive + at + 小地点※当get to和arrive at /in后接地点副词时，都不加介词。
如：get home get there 省略to18擅长，在…方面做得好：be good at = do well in19win （赢得）接a game、war 、a match、a prizebeat（打败、战胜）接运动员、球队、对手等。
33借/还。
lend/borrow借borrow sth. from sb = borrow sb. sth 向某人借某物→ borrow借入lend sth. to sb = lend sb. sth把某物借给某人→ lend 借出keep延续性动词，与一段时间连用。
※类似用法的还有：buy — have put on —wear become — beleave — be away from open — be open begin — be ondie — be dead return — be back21能，会。
be able to,can※情态动词后面都接动词原形。
22太~ too~too many 太多—修饰可数名词复数→ I have too many rules in my house.too much 太多—修饰不可数名词→ Maybe you have too much yin.much too太—后跟形容词或副词原级→ This coat is much too expensive.23have / has been to 去过某地→He has been to Beijing. （现在不在北京）have / has gone to 去了某地→He has gone to Beijing. （现在可能在北京，或在去北京的途中）have/hasbeen in / at在某地24used to do sth.过去常做某事→ This river used to be very clean .be（get）used to doing sth.习惯于做某事→ I’m not used to getting up early.be used to do sth = be used for doing sth. 被用于做某事→ Pens are used for writing.26belong to + 名词/ 人称代词宾格（属于）be + 名词所有格/ 名词性物主代词（是）26can’t 不可能表示推测、判断could/might 也许、可能50﹪— 80﹪must 肯定、一定100﹪27be made from （由…制成）看不出原材料be made of （由…制成）看得出原材料27prefer to do sth 宁愿做某事prefer sth 。
to sth 。
喜欢…而不喜欢…prefer doing sth 。
to doing sth 。
喜欢做…而不喜欢做…26一些表示人的情感或情绪的形容词：—ed 修饰人—ing 修饰物※interesting（有趣的）— interested（感兴趣的）tiring（累人的）— tired（累的，疲倦的）boring （令人无聊的）— bored（无聊的）exciting（令人兴奋的）— excited（激动的）surprising（令人惊讶的）— surprised（惊讶的）relaxing（令人放松的）— relaxed（放松的）embarrassing （令人尴尬的；令人为难的）—embarrassed （尴尬的；为难的）29the number of + 名词复数（…的数量）作主语，谓语用单数。
a number of + 名词复数（许多、一些）= many31for + 一段时间since + 时间点/过去时的句子※for和since 可以相互转换。
如：Jenny has been collecting coins for several years . = Jenny has been collecting coins since several years______.32除…之外except （不包括在内）→ Everyone could answer this question except Jim .besides （包括在内）→There are three girls besides me.34已经already 用于肯定句中（已经）yet 用于疑问句末（已经）用于否定句末（还）34否定祈使句Don’t + v.No + / n.35也too 放肯定句末和疑问句末→Do you play soccer every day ，tooeither 放否定句末also 放肯定句中※also放在实意动词前，be之后.36be strict with sb. 对某人要求严格be strict in sth. 对某事要求严格37需要做某事need to do sth 主语是人need doing sth 主语是物39穿过through →介词：从内部穿过（park）across →介词：从表面穿过cross →动词（road, street,bridge）39提建议的方式Why don’t you do sth = Why not do sth.How /what about doing sth.Let’s do sth.40也~So + 助/系/情态+ 主语表示肯定意义（…也是如此）Neither + 助/系/情态+ 主语表示否定意义（…也不）※它们都属于倒装句。
41都both 两者all三者或三者以上都42独自alone 单独，独自一人→He is alone at homelonely 孤独的，寂寞的。
有一定的感情色彩→He lives a lonely life in the country.41in the tree 外来的→I saw a cat in the tree.on the tree 长在树上的→There are many apples on the tree.44in the wall 指在墙体内on the wall 指在墙体表面45on the bed 指物品在床上→My bag is on the bed.in bed 指人躺在床上→Lily is ill in bed.46引导结果状语从句：so和such（如此…以至于…）so是副词，后接adj和adv 。