第四章 学术论文的发表过程和投稿技巧§4.1评审与出版§4.2 稿件投递§4.3 论文发表§4.4 版权转让§4.5 与编辑、审稿专家沟通一位国际主编对中国学术论文的印象“A great deal of excellent research is submitted from China.”“I have encountered the following seriousissues on an occasional basis (but more often than I would like)…”Multiple submission of the same manuscript to two ormore journalsSubmission of a paper already published in ChinesePlagiarism (especially of small parts of a paper)– Paul Haddad, Editor, Journal of Chromatography A“The following problems appear much too frequently”Submission of papers which are clearly out of scope Failure to format the paper according to the Guide for AuthorsInappropriate (or no) suggested reviewersInadequate response to reviewersInadequate standard of EnglishResubmission of rejected manuscripts withoutrevision– Paul Haddad, Editor, Journal of Chromatography A出版机构的忠告Submit to the right journal (scope and prestige) Submit to one journal onlyDo not submit “salami” articlePay attention to journal requirementsPay attention to structureCheck the EnglishPay attention to ethical standards稿件处理过程STARTReviewer EditorAuthorSubmit a paperAssignreviewers Collect reviewers’recommendations Review and give recommendationRevise the paperBasic requirements met?[Yes][No]Make adecision[Reject][Accept] REJECTACCEPT [Revision required]ReviewerEditorAuthor ACCEPT 论文发表过程PUBICATIONPrepare FinalManuscriptSubmit to Publisher[Proof]§4.1 评审与出版Journal PublicationsA journal paper reports on a finished piece of research or some significant achievement or discovery in a certain scientific field. Unlike at conferences, it is uncommon that international journals accept reports on research in progress at an early stage.----Michael Derntl, University of Vienna.Basics of Research Paper Writing and PublishingReferee（编委＋外审专家）编委：A journal has an editorial board that includes a number of referees who are responsible for reviewing and evaluating submitted papers. Having reviewed a paper, each referee independently advises the editor whether to accept or to reject the paper. Referees may also advise the editor on the development of the journal's thematic scope and focus. However, final decisions are made by the editor.外审专家：It is also common practice that editors designate external referees for certain submissions, for example when the referees of the editorial board do not have appropriate expertise to make fruitful, professional comments on a particular paper.Editor ( Associate Editor)（主编）The most important function of an editor (can also be a group of persons) is to make the final decision whether to accept or to reject a submitted paper.主编作者评审专家Indeed, the comments of the referees just serve as suggestions. Nevertheless, as the editor alone would not be able to review and comment on all submissions in detail, he usually relies on the advice of his editorial board, where he can choose from a pool of experts in diverse fields of the journal's main topics.Editor-in-Chief (Managing Editor) （执行主编（管理编辑））Many journals - at least important ones - have managing editors who are full-time employed. Their job is to relieve the editor from administrative and other day-to-day tasks in producing a journal, e.g., coping with publishers. Generally, the difference between editors and managing editors is that the review process (dealing with the author and referees) is mostly within the realm of the editor, whereas post-acceptance issues are taken care of by managing editors.PublisherPublishers print accepted papers in (periodical) journal issues.§4.2投递稿件4.2.1 投稿前的准备4.2.2 投稿4.2.3 稿件评审4.2.4 评审意见的处理4.2.1 投稿前的准备STARTReviewer EditorAuthorSubmit a paperAssignreviewers STARTCollect reviewers’recommendations Review and give recommendationRevise the paperBasic requirements met?[Yes][No]Make adecision[Reject][Accept] REJECTACCEPT [Revision required]1. Check the originality of your idea at the very beginning of your research.Have you done something new and interesting?Is there anything challenging in your work?Is the work directly related to a current hot topic?Have you provided solutions to any difficultproblems?If all answers are “yes”, then start preparing yourmanuscript.2. Decide the type of your manuscriptFull articles/Original articles: the most important papers; often substantial, completed pieces of research that are of significance.Letters/Rapid Communications/Short communications: usually published for quick and early communication of significant and original advances; much shorter than full articles (usually strictly limited).Review papers/perspectives: summarize recent developments on a specific topic; highlight important points that have been previously reported and introduce no new information; often submitted on invitation.Self-evaluate your work: Is it sufficient for a full article? Or are your results so thrilling that they need to be shown as soon as possible?Ask your supervisor and colleagues for advice on manuscript type. Sometimes outsiders see things more clearly than you.3. Who is your audience?“One seldom writes for oneself... it is of great importance to identify the sector of readership for which a paper is meant. A paper written in abstruse mathematical language cannot be appreciated by the practical engineer who is interested in acquiring something for immediate use. On the other hand, for a scientific conference, a paper written in the style of a practicum would probably put the author to disgrace.”–Mooson Kwauk, Academician, Chinese academy of Sciences4. Choose the right journalInvestigate all candidate journals to find out:Aims and scopeTypes of articlesReadershipCurrent hot topics (go through recent abstracts)You must get help from your supervisor or colleagues. Chase them if necessary.Articles in your references will likely lead you to the right journal.DO NOT gamble by scattering your manuscript to many journals. Only submit once! International ethics standards prohibit multiple/simultaneous submissions, and editors DO find out!根据文稿研究的领域每个杂志都有自己的办刊宗旨，有自己的读者对象，有自己的侧重点和研究兴趣。