Words1.especially __________2. bowl ____________3. 文化___________4. chopsticks________5.bamboo____________6. plastic ___________7. bone____________ 8. metal ___________ 9. artistic __________ 10.elegant __________ 11. gold________ 12. silver___________13. character_____________ 14. combine ___________ 15. various________ 16.create __________ 17. special __________ 18. design_________19. remove______ 20. population __________ 21.gradual __________22. scholar________ 23. roughly __________24. influence__________25. develop____________ 26. knife_________ 27. violent____________Words transformation1.especial __________adv.2. culture ____________ adj.3. true ________ adv. ___________n.4. skill ___________ adj.5.eat _________ (过去式) ___________(过去分词)6. various __________n. _________v.7. quick __________ adv.8.easy __________ adv. 9. gradual ______ adv. 10. roughly _________ adj. 11. violent _______ n. 12. knife ____________(复数)13. traditionally ___________ adj.14. develop_____________ n. ______________adj.Phrases1.由---制成__________________ ______________________2.5千年__________________ 数千年的___________________3.变成_______ turn up ______ turn down__________ turn out______4. ---的发展_________________ 随着---的发展______________________5. 提醒、使某人想起________________ 提醒某人做__________________ Patterns1.现在分词做状语（1）(2016·全国Ⅰ，完形)________(approach) the vehicle, they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window.（2）(2015·重庆，11)Like ancient sailors, birds can find their way ________(use)the sun and the stars.2.非限制性定于从句（1）2016·全国Ⅲ，完形)When I was 13 my only purpose was to become the star on our football team.That meant beating out Miller King, ________was the best player at our school.（2）(2015·福建，34)ChinaToday attracts a worldwide readership，________ shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China. Cooperation and discussion阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

（2016全国卷III）In much of Asia,especially the so-called“rice bowl” cultures of China,Japan,Korea, 41Vietnam,food is usually eaten with chopsticks.Chopsticks are usually two long,thin pieces of wood or bamboo.They can also be made of plastic,animal bone or metal.Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic.Truly elegant chopsticks might42(make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters.Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal 43(create)special designs.The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years.People probably cooked their food in large pots, 44 (use)twigs(树枝)to remove it.Over time,45 thepopulation grew,people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which46(gradual)turned into chopsticks.Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius,47lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C.,influenced the48 (develop)of chopsticks.Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and 49(be)too violent for use at the table.Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia.In India,for example,most people traditionally eat 50 their hands.Exercises填一填1. I like to swim, ____________(especial) in the sea2. These seemed to me_______________(culture) questions3. Thank you, I've __________(eat) already. You go ahead.4. The bowl contained a ____________(various) of fruit.5. These flowers kill ____________(easy) in summer.6. Seeing too much ___________(violent)on television has bad effects on children.7. ______________(tradition), soap was a mix of animal fats and fruit or vegetable oils.8. Their inventions have contributed to the_________________(develop) of electricalengineering.9. (2015·福建)________ (learn)more about Chinese culture, Jack has decided to takeChinese folk music as an elective course.10．(2016·北京)Newly－built wooden cottages line the street, ________ (turn) the old town into a dreamland.二、改一改1. There were forks, knifes, spoons, and chopsticks.2. We have raised a five-thousands-pound fund for the Red Cross. I have a difficulty in learning English.3. His heart is beating violent in her breast.4. The desk is made from wood.5. His interest in this subject gradualdecreases.6. (2016·北京) Ordering over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now.7．(2014·北京)I borrowed the book SherlockHolmes from the library last week，that my classmates recommended to me.8. Nick’s guests，which had heard their conversation，asked why they should not buy salt more cheaply if they could.9. 26．(2015·重庆) Raising in the poorest area of Glasgow, he had a long, hard road to becoming a football star.10. (2016·江苏)Many young people, most of which were well－educated，headed forremote regions to chase their dreams.三短文改错Chopsticks is usually two long, thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They canalso be made from plastic, animal none or metal. True elegant chopsticks aremade of gold and silver with Chinese characters. Skilled workers also combineda variety hardwoods and metal to create specially designs. The Chinese haveused chopsticks for five thousands years. But chopsticks are not usingeverywhere in Asia. In India, for example, most people tradition eat with theirhand.。