113 个字首（Prefix）P-1 122 个字尾（Suffix）P-3 418 个字根（Root）P-51821113 个字首（Prefix）1 a- = of2 a- = on3 a- = intensive (加强语气)4 a- = ad- = to,at,for5 a- = ab- = from, away6 a- = ex- = out, extremely7 a- = negative (否定) = not, without *母音前为an- (参照1-14)8 ab- = form, away form, off9 ad- = to, at, for *表示方向、变化、完成、附加、增加、开始，或指表加强的重要字首[变化型] 借着后面的字音的同化作用，而有一下变化：ab-, ac-, af-, ag-,al-, an-, ap-, ar-, as-, at-.10 al- = all11 ambi- = on both sides, about, around [变化型] amb-12 amphi- = on both sides, around13 an- = negative (否定) = not, without [变化型] a-, am-14 ana- = upon, on, up [变化型] an-15 ante- = before (与post-相反) [变化型]anti-, ant-, anci-, an-16 anti- = against, opposite to (与pro-相反)17 arch- = chief [变化型]archi, arche-18 auto- = self [变化型] auth-19 be- = to make *把形容词、名词动词化20 be- = to cover with *名次及物动词用21 be- = upon22 be- = by23 be- = intensive (加强语气)24 bene- = well, good (与male-相反) [同义词]bon- = bonus = good25 bi- = double, two [变化型]bin-26 cata- = down, downwards, fully [变化型]cat-27 circum- = around, round about [变化型]circu-28 com- = together, with, wholly [变化型]co-, col-, comb-, con-, cor-, coun-29 contra- = against [变化型]contro,counter30 de- = down, downward *由“往下”之意衍生为【分离、否定、加强】，是很重要的字首31 de- = apart, from *dis-变化型的一种，主要表【分离、除去】的意思32 deca- = ten *deci-表示“十分之一”的意思33 demi- = half34 di- = double, twice35 dia- = through, between, across *和di-有密切关系的字首，表示“在两者之间”的意思36 dis- = apart, away *dis-是由拉丁文duo = two的变形duis衍生而来，原本是“一分为二”的意思，是由【分离】引申为【除去、剥夺、反对、否定】，尤其【加强语气】的重要字首。
[变化型]de-,des-, di-, dif-, s-37 duo- = two, double [变化型]do-, dou-,du-38 e- *只是为了生意的完善而在s音之前附加的字母39 en- = in, into, on, at, near *从【在中间】之意演变成【进入某种状态使--,使成为】等，把表示to make之意的名词、形容词变为及物动词。
[变化型] em- 40 epi- = upon, to, besides, among [变化型]ep-41 eu- = well [变化型] ev-42 ex- = out of, fully [变化型] a-, e-, ec-,ef-, es-, iss-, s-43 extra- = beyond44 for- = away from *由【分离】之意引申为【禁止、无视、除外】等否定的意思，或为【破坏】及【强迫】的意思45 fore- = before [变化型] for-46 forth- = towards47 hecto- = hundred48 hemi- = half49 hetero- = other, different50 hexa- = six51 homo = same (与hetero-相反)52 hyper- = above, beyond *含有excess【过度】的意思53 hypo- = under (与hyper-相反）54 in- = in, into, on *[变化型] il-, im-, ir-55 in- = negative (否定) = not [变化型]en-, i-, im-, ir-56 inter- = between, among [变化型]enter-, intel-57 intra-/intro- = within, inward (与extra-相反)58 iso- = equal (相等的)59 kilo- = thousand60 macro- = large (大的), long (长的)61 mal (e)- = badly, ill (与bene- 相反）62 mege- = large, million63 meta- = among, with, after *一般表【变化】之意，主要用在科学词语64 micro- = small65 milli- = thousand, thousandth66 mis- = wrong (ly), bad (ly), ill *一般是带有【贬抑】的语气表示【错误】，但也可单表【否定】67 mono- = single, sole, alone [变化型]mon-68 mult (i)- = many, much69 ne- = negative (否定) = not [变化型]na-, n-, neg-70 neo- = new71 mon- = not72 ob- = as, towards, at, before, upon, over,about, near, against [变化型]为了因应其后所接字音而变为o-, oc-, of-, op-,os-73 octa-, octo- = eight, eighth74 omni- = all75 out- = out, beyond * 向【向外】引申而为【超越】【胜过】的意思76 over- = above, across, beyond *从【覆盖】【超越】【胜过】引申为【过度】【太过】之意77 pan (to)-all78 para- = beside, beyond, against, contrary[ 变化型] par-, pa-79 pen- = almost80 penta- = five81 per- = through, thoroughly, away [变化型] par-, pel-, pil-82 peri- = around, round about83 poly- = many84 post- = after, behind (与ante-相反)85 pre- = before86 pro- = for, before, forth, forward * 原本相当于英语for的拉丁文字首，可以用for的意思推想。
由【为了…】而产生【代替…】、【赞成…的】、【偏爱】等意思；或由【向…】演变为【向前】、【事先】、【公开的】、【因应…】等意思。
87 prot (o)- = first * pro-的最高级。
由【最…的】引申为【最初的】、【原始的】、【原型的】等意思88 pseudo- = false89 quadr (i)- = four90 quasi- = partly91 re- = again, back [变化型] red-,ren-92 retro- = backward93 se- = away, apart94 semi- = half95 sept- = seven96 sex- = six97 step- = orphaned98 sub- = under * sub- 是sup- 演变而来的，其比较级是super，最高级是supreme。
Sub- 原为【高】的意思，如super，supreme是指【（以）上；过度；极度；超越】之意。
依照sub- 本来的意思【高】演变而来的字有sublime（崇高的；使崇高）[变化型] 为了因应其后连接字音的不同，而有以下的变化：suc-, suf-, sug-, sum-, sup-, sur-, sus99 super- = above, over [变化型]sop-, sove-, sur-100 syn- = with, together * 相当于拉丁文co- 的字首，表示【一起、同时、相似】之意。
[变化型] sy-, syl-, sym- 101 tele- = far off102 tetra- = four103 trans- = beyond, across, over [变化型] tra-, tran-, tres-104 tri- = three, threefold105 twi- = two106 ultra- = beyond107 un- = no * 接在名词、形容词、副词前，表【否定】之意108 un- = the reversal of an action * 置于动词前，表示这个动作的相反的动作109 under- = under, beneath * 由【在下面】、【下面的】演变为【不够地】意思110 uni- = one [ 变化型] un-111 up- = up, aloft112 vice- = in place of [变化型] vis- 113 with- = against, back954122(一) 名词字尾（1）表示“人”的名词字尾1 -ain2 -aire3 -an, -ian, -ean * 该形式也多为形容词使用4 -ant * 这种字尾也可作为形容词使用5 -ar6 -ard, -art7 -ary8 -ate9 -ee * 和-er 相反，是【被…人】之意10 -eer * 重音常在这个音节11 -en12 -ent13 -er14 -ese * 放在专有名词后，表示【国民】、【国语】，也可做形容词15 -ess * 作为女性名词16 -eur * 表示【人】的法文字尾17 -herd * 管理家畜的人18 -ier19 -iff20 -ist21 -ite * 表【和…有关的人】，【属于…团体的人】22 -ive * 形容词表示名词的字尾23 -man, -sman * -sman 的s 不是复数，而是表示所有格24 -on25 -or, -our26 -ster27 -y, -yer（2）具有【缩小】意义的名词字尾* 加上这些字尾，可使名词带有【小的】、【可爱的】、【可亲近的】等意味，但有的也会完全不含【缩小】之意1 -cle * 表示【个体】、【个别】2 -el, -le3 -en, -in4 -et, -ette5 -kin6 -let7 -ling8 -ock9 - (c)ule10 -ie, -y * 作为专有名词的昵称（3）表示抽象名词的字尾1 -ace2 -ade3 -age4 -al * 把动词变成抽象名词5 -ance, -ancy, -ence, -ency6 -cy7 -dom8 -hood, -head9 -ic (s) * 常用于学术用语的字尾10 -ice, -ise11 -ing12 -ion13 -ism, -asm * 用来表示【主义】、【学说】、【特性】等等14 -itude15 - (i)um * 多用于元素的名称16 -ment17 -mony * 是ment的变化型18 -ness *将形容词变为抽象名词19 -o (u)r * [英] -our, [美] -or20 -ry21 -ship * 和“船”没有关系，而是古代英语的-scipe (= shape)变来的，表示【…样子】的意思22 -t, -th23 -ty, -ety, -ity24 -ure25 -y（4）表示集合名词的字尾1 -age2 -ary3 -ry（5）表示地点名词的字尾1 -ace2 -age3 -ary4 -dom5 -ery6 -ory7 -um8 -y(二) 形容词字尾1 -able, -ible * 表【有能力】、【易做】、【适合】、【足以做…】的意思，被修饰的名词有被动的意思。