车辆工程专业英语复习资料1.The four-stroke spark-ignition engine cycle consists:induction stroke (intake stoke), compression stroke, power stroke, exhaust stroke.（四冲程点燃式发动机行程包括：进气行程，压缩行程，作工行程，排气行程。
）2.内燃机：internal combustion engine 外燃机：externalcombustion engine3.The lower the gear ratio selected, the higher the torquetransmitted.（选择的齿轮齿数越少，传递的扭矩越大）4.Different gear 差速器drive shaft 传动轴 final drive 主减速器 universal joints 万向节 steering box 转向器5.These parts can be grouped into four major categories:Body ,Engine, Chassis and electrical system.（这些部件可组成四个主要部分：车身、发动机、底盘和电路系统）6.the purpose of the complete suspension system is to isolatethe vehicle body form road shocks and vibrations,which will otherwise be transferred to the passengers and load.（整个悬架系统的目的是分离车身来自路面的冲击和振动，否则会被传递给乘客和货物。
）7.tube tires 有内胎轮胎 drum brakes鼓式制动器 discbrakes盘式制动器8.most modern lighe vehicles have either disc brakes on thefront wheels and drum brakes on the rear or disc brakes on all 4 wheels大多数现代光车是前轮采用盘式制动鼓上的所有4个车轮后面或盘式制动器制动器9.the electrical system supplies electricity for thestarter，ignition，lights and heater电气系统为起动机、点火系统、照明灯具、取暖器提供电能10.the sparks must be supplied at the right time and theysufficient energy over a range of conditions to ignite the charges火花必须在正确的时间提供足够的能量，他们在一系列的条件下点燃的指控11.distributor分电器 spark plug 火花塞12.Energy is used to produce power. The chemical energy infuel is converted to heat by the burning of the fuel at a controlled rate.（能量是用来产生动力的，燃料中的化学能通过控制其比例进行燃烧可转化成热能。
）13.The engine acts as the power unit. There are two typesof engine: gasoline (also called a spark-ignition) and diesel (also called a compression-ignition engine). （发动机是汽车的动力来源。
有两种发动机：汽油机（也叫做点燃式发动机）和柴油机（也称作压燃式发动机）14.The chassis includes the power train, steering ,suspension, braking systems.①Power train system conveys the drive to the wheels.②Steering system controls the direction of movement.③Suspension and wheels absorb the road shocks.④Brake slows down the vehicle.（汽车底盘包括：传动系、转向系、悬架和制动系。
①传动系将动力传到驱动轮②转向系控制着汽车的方向③悬架和轮子缓冲来自路面的振动④制动系减缓或制动汽车15.the spark-ignition engine is an internal-combustionengine with externally supplied in ignition,which convertsthe energy contained in the fuel to kinetic energy 火花点火式发动机是一种内部与外部的点火器，将燃料中的能量转换为动能16.intake valve 进气阀 exhaust valve 排气阀 specificfuel consumption 燃油消耗率swept volume 有效容积engine capacity 发动机排量 compression ratio 压缩比17.Excess-air factor: 错误！未找到引用源。
=Air masssupplied / Theoretical requirement.（过量空气系数：错误！未找到引用源。
=实际进气量/理论要求空气量）18.the flammability of gasoline varies with its quality andthe additives mixed with the gasoline,the way gasoline burnsinside the combustion chamber is most important 汽油的燃烧随汽油质量和添加剂混合而变化，汽油燃烧，在燃烧室是最重要的途径19.The combustion process in the cylinder is influenced notonly by fuel management, mixture quantity and air-fuel ratio,but also by the ignition advance and the energy containedin the ignition spark.（发动机气缸中的燃烧过程不仅受到喷油量、混合气量和空燃比的影响，而且也受到点火提前角的火花能量的影响。
）20.because a specific ignition advance angle and a specificinjection time correspond to each point of the engine speed load map, 因为一个特定的点火提前角和一个特定的注射时间对应的发动机转速负荷图中的每一点，it is important that all variables which pertain to the same point are calculated on the same speed/load area更重要的是，所有的变量都归于同一点的计算是基于相同的速度或负荷区21.The exhaust-gas recirculated back to the combustionchamber thus serves to reduce the peak combustion temperature. Since formation of oxides of nitrogen increases super proportionally with the combustion temperature, EGR as a tempera-tune-reducing measure is a very effective method of reducing oxides of nitrogen.（废气再循环回到燃烧室中可使燃烧最高温降低。
因为数据显示，NOx随燃烧温度升高而增加，所以EGR就成为一种通过降低燃烧最高温减少NOx排放的有效措施。
）22.the idle speed control is realized by means of data fromthe ignition system and the fuel injection systen and is part of the overall system of control which includes tank ventilation and camshaft control怠速控制是通过从点火系统和燃油喷射系统和数据的一部分是整个系统的控制，包括油箱通风和凸轮轴控制23.gasoline direct injection(GDI)汽油直接喷射 SPI单点喷射 MPI多点喷射24.ECU: electronic control unit电子控制单元 air/fuelratio空燃比 throttle valve节气门weak mixture:稀混合气 rich mixture:浓混合气 advance angle 提前角25.The more air is compressed, the higher will be itstemperature.（压缩的空气越多，气缸内温度越高。
）26..To get the high temperatures needed to ignite the dieselfuel, higher compression ratios are needed.（为得到可点燃柴油的温度，需要更高的压缩比。
）27.the necessity of reducing consumption and the tighteningof noxious emissions legislation at the end of the eighties, added more weight to the trend towards highly charged enginesin the commercial vehicle as well as the passenger car sector ,with the aid of the turbocharger,it was possible to considerable increase the efficiency of the engines and simultaneously reduce noxious emissions .（80年代减轻有害废气的有必要的方法只能是加强客运客车发动机负载量或者商业车的。