英语词性的分类及用法讲解
5 动词 verb v. cut 砍、割
6 数词 numeral num. three 三
7 冠词 article art. a 一个
8 介词 preposition prep. at 在...
• 9 连词 conjunction conj. and 和
10 感叹词 interjection interj. oh 哦
副词 (主要用来修饰动词,形容词,副词或整个句子)
• 说明时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。
• 时间副词: soon, then, today, tomorrow, afterwards , now, 地点副词: here,
there • 程度副词: very, quite, rather • 方式副词: beautifully, reluctantly, well
•
2)分数表示法
1.The sea is very big. 2.It covers three quarters of the earth. 3.The sea is also very deep
in some place . 4.There is one place and at that place
数词
(表示数目多少或顺序多少的词叫数词,数词分为基数词和序数词。表示 数目多少的数词叫基数词;表示顺序的数词叫序数词。)
• 一、基数词
•
基数词写法和读法
• 二、序数词
•
序数词的缩写形式:
• first—1st second—2nd thirty-first—31st
• 三、数词的用法
•
1)倍数表示法
• 6. 疑问代词:What are you doing?
• 7. 关系代词:She married Tony Harper, who is a student too.
8. 连接代词:Do you know who did it?
• 9. 不定代词:Do you know anything about it?
1)个体名词:表示某类人或东西中的个体,如:gun 2)集体名词:表示若干个个体组成的集合体,如:family • (以上两类属于可数名词) 3)物质名词:表示无法分为个体的实物,如:air 4)抽象名词:表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概 念,如:work • (以上两类属于不可数名词)
名词: 1.经常放在句子开头做主语 2.经常放在动词或介词之后做宾语 特点:它前面经常会出现形容词,my, your, his, her等物主代词或a, an, the等之后.
• 2. 物主代词: Our friends have great concern for each other.
• 3. 反身代词: Take good care of yourselves.
• 4. 相互代词:We should help each other.
• 5. 指示代词: Who are these people?
3. 成语介词 (约有500个)如:out of,apart from,because of,by means of等。
• 按意义英语介词可分为3类:
• 1. 时间介词, 如:at, on, in, during, over, from, for, until等。 • 2. 地点介词, 如:at, on, in, across, to, over, between, inside,
8.Don’t miss any opportunity and time. 9.We will succeed in the end. 10.We really need to come up with
a plan on the Clean-up Day.
1._H_o_m__e_l_e_s_s_people need_h_o__m_e_s___ (home). 2.There are lots of_h__u_n_g_r_y__people
in the world,we shoud do something to stop_h_u_n__g_e_r.(hungry) 3._E_n_d_l_e_s_s_stories come to an_e_n_d__in the__e_n_d___.(end)
1._I_n_t_e_r_e__s_t_in__g_stories__in__te__r_e_s_t_kids. (interest) 2.That_s_u_r_p__ri_s_i_n_g_news_s_u__rp__r_is__e_d_all of us.(surprise) 3._A__tt_r_a__c_t_iv__e_movies are great_a_t_t_r_a_c__ti_o_n__to us.(attract) 4._H__a_p_p__y_things bring people _h__a_p_p__in__e_s_s__.(happily)
• 前六类叫实词,后四类叫虚词。
名词(表示人或物名称的词)
• 名词可以分为专有名词和普通名词 . • 专有名词是某个(些)人,地方,机构等专有的名称,如Beijing,
China, the United States,等。 • 普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词,如:book,
sadness等。(普通名词包括可数名词和不可数名词) • 普通名词又可分为下面四类:
the sea is about 11 kilometres deep. 5.The highest mountain in the world is
about 9 kilometres high.
6.Churchill was so pleased when he heard this.
7.He is working hard to make his dream come true.
3. 其它介词,如:by, with, about, except, instead of, due to, 英语介词不可单独使用,后面必须跟名词,动名词或句子构成介宾结构等.
连词
是一种虚词,它不能独立担任句子成分,而只起连接词与词,短语与短 语以及句与句的作用。
• 连词主要可分为两类:并列连词和从属连词。
形容词
(修饰名词等,说明事物或人的性质或特征的词)
• 形容词可分成性质形容词和叙述形容词两类,其位置不一 定都放在名词前面。
1) 直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词, 它有级的变化,可以用程度副词修饰,在句中可作定语、 表语和补语。例如:hot ,good ,wonderful等.
2) 叙述形容词只能作表语,所以又称为表语形容词。这 类形容词没有级的变化,也不可用程度副词修饰。大多数 以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。例如:afraid, alone 等.
介词ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
(介词是什么?)
• 按结构英语介词可分为3类:
1.简单介词(约有70个),如:in,at,on,by,with,down,for,beside, along,across等。
2.分词介词(约15个)如:during,following,considering,regarding, judging,talking等。
•
代词是非常活跃的词,特别是不定代词,比较复杂,
我们要熟练掌握。
动词
动词就是表示动作或者是状态的词。例如:run;work;sleep,等
• 动词的分类 • 根据其在句中的功能,动词可分为行为动词、系动词、助
动词和情态动词四类,有些动词是兼类词。如:
• We have lunch at 12. 我们12点吃午饭。(have是行为动词) • We have been to New York. 我们去过纽约。(have是助动词) • W I am hungry. 我饿了。(am是连系动词) • She was beaten on the way home. (was是助动词) • You needn’t have waited for me. 你本来不必等我。(need是情态动词) • The door needs painting. 这个门需要油漆了。(needs及物动词)
动词: 1.在句子做谓语表动作; 2.做主语或者在介词后则加-ing; 3.在另外一个动词之后用ing或to…形式作宾语。
1.He likes to volunteer in his free time.
2.He sells newspapers for making money
3.Getting up early is a good habit.
• 频度副词: often , frequently, always
副词: 1.描述动词的情况; 2.放在另外的形容词或者副词前.
1.Trains run more slowly than planes. 2.Your coat looks pretty cool. 3.We should listen to our teachers carefully in class.
• 1.并列连词用来连接平行的词、词组和分句。如:and, but, or, nor, so, as well as, both…and, not only…but also, either…or, neither…nor, (and) then等。
• 2. 从属连词经常引导一个从句,如:when, where, because, if, as等。
形容词: 1.放在be,seem,sound,feel,taste,smell等词
之后; 2.放在名词之前做定语.
1.Your kind donation is greatly appreciated.
2.Good hamburgers smell good.