第25章查尔斯•兰姆25.1复习笔记Charles Lamb(1775-1834)(查尔斯·兰姆)1.Life(生平)Charles Lamb was born and spent his youth in the Inner Temple,London.His father was the clerk and confidential attendant to Samuel Salt,a mb was educated at Christ’s Hospital, where he formed an enduring friendship with Coleridge.In1796,Lamb’s sister Mary killed their mother in a fit of insanity.Thus he undertook the charge of her sister,who remained subject to periodic seizures,and repaid him with her sympathy and affection.He himself was mentally deranged from1795to1796.In1833,he and Mary moved to Edmonton,where Lamb died and was buried.查尔斯·兰姆出生于伦敦的内殿律师学院，并在那里度过青年时光。
他的父亲是律师萨缪尔·索尔特的办事员和亲密的随从。
兰姆在基督公学上学，并和柯勒律治成了终生好友。
1796年兰姆的姐姐玛丽因发疯杀死了他们的母亲。
由于玛丽患有间歇性精神病，他开始照顾姐姐，玛丽也对他十分怜爱。
1795至1796年间，兰姆自己也有些精神错乱。
1833年，他和玛丽搬到爱民顿，兰姆去世并被埋葬于此。
2.Literary Career(文学生涯)Lamb’s literary career can be divided into three periods:(1)Early literary efforts,including4sonnets,the best-known poem“The Old Familiar Faces”,aromance,a poetical drama and an unsuccessful play.(2)Literary criticism,on Shakespeare’s plays,Wordsworth’s The Excursion,etc.;stories based onclassical works,including the well-known Tales from Shakespeare.(3)Observation of life,essays published in The London Magazine.兰姆的文学生涯可以被分为三个阶段：（1）早期文学创作，包括四首十四行诗、最著名的诗《熟悉的老面孔》、一部传奇剧、一首诗剧和一部失败的戏剧。
（2）文学批评，关于莎剧、华兹华斯的《远足》等；基于经典名著重写的故事，最著名的是《莎士比亚戏剧故事集》。
（3）生活观察，出版在《伦敦杂志》上的散文。
3.Literary Style(文学风格)(1)The style of the essays is gentle,old-fashioned,and irresistibly attractive.(2)The essays are intensely personal.They show an excellent picture of Lamb and of humanity.(3)The most striking feature of Lamb’s essays is his quaint ughter in his essays is oftenmingled with tears and there is sadness behind his humor.(4)His essays are full of long and curious words and are interrupted by frequent exclamationsand parentheses.（1）兰姆散文的风格平和古朴，十分吸引人。
（2）他的散文关乎个人，很好地展现了兰姆本人和人性。
（3）兰姆散文最大的特点就是文中的幽默。
他的幽默是笑语夹杂着泪水，幽默背后隐藏着悲伤。
（4）他的散文中到处是冗长和奇特的词语，还经常插有感叹和插入语。
4.Major Works(主要作品)Tales from Shakespeare(1807)《莎士比亚戏剧故事集》Essays of Elia(1823)《伊利亚随笔集》Last Essays of Elia(1833)《伊利亚随笔续编》5.Selected Work(选读作品)◆Essays of Elia《伊利亚随笔集》The pen name“Elia”was borrowed from an old clerk with whom Lamb had worked in the Sea House.There are over50of these essays,in which the author chats with the reader on various topics and expresses his own voice.By the use of this literary form Lamb brought into full play his life experience as a clerk,his study of the old masters in literature,his imagination,his wit and humor,his love for London and his whole personality.“Dream-Children:a Reverie”and “Poor Relations”are selected from Essays of Elia.笔名伊利亚来自兰姆在海关工作的同事，一个老职员的名字。
书中收集了50多篇主题多样的散文，兰姆在文中直抒胸臆，同读者娓娓闲谈。
这种私人随笔的形式能让兰姆充分展示他的职员经历，他对文学大师作品的研究，他的想象，智慧和幽默，他对伦敦的热爱以及他自己的个性。
《梦中的儿女：一首幻想曲》和《穷亲戚》均选自本散文随笔。
25.2考研真题与典型题详解I.Fill in the blanks.1.With______,the essay is no longer chiefly a mode of intellectual inquiry and moral address.Rather,the essay becomes a medium for a delightful literary treatment of life’s small pleasures and reassurances.【答案】Charles Lamb【解析】兰姆的随笔不同于以往用来阐明知识和道德说教的散文模式，而是以生活中的细小乐趣为出发点，把城市生活中的琐碎话题写得妙趣横生，把平凡的事物点化得鲜活生动。
2.Tales from Shakespeare is written by______and Mary Lamb.【答案】Charles Lamb【解析】兰姆和姐姐共同重写了基于经典名著的故事集《莎士比亚戏剧故事集》。
II.Multiple Choices1.Charles Lamb wrote a series of miscellaneous essays,collected in1823as the______.A.Tales from ShakespeareB.Rosamund GrayC.Dream ChildrenD.Essays of Elia【答案】D【解析】查尔斯·兰姆（Charles Lamb）的主要成就是散文，他创作的散文被收录在其1823年出版的《伊利亚随笔集》里面。
2.Which is not Charles Lamb’s work?A.Tales from Shakespearest Essays of EliaD.Woodstock【答案】D【解析】Woodstock《皇家猎宫》是沃尔特·司各特（Walter Scott）的小说。
Ⅲ.Explain the following term.Charles Lamb（四川大学2007研）Key:Charles Lamb:Charles Lamb(1775-1834)was an English essayist,best known for his Essays of Elia and children’s book Tales from Shakespeare,which he produced with his sister,Mary Lamb. Lamb has been referred to as the most lovable figure in English literature,and his influence on the English essay form surely cannot be overestimated.Ⅳ.Short answer questionWhat is the writing style of Lamb’s essays?Key:The style of the essays is gentle,old-fashioned,and irresistibly attractive.The essays are intensely personal.They show an excellent picture of Lamb and of humanity.The most striking feature of Lamb’s essays is his quaint ughter in his essays is often mingled with tears and there is sadness behind his humor.His essays are full of long and curious words and are interrupted by frequent exclamations and parentheses.。