外国语学院英语语言学学期论文2011 至 2012学年度第2学期题目:任务型教学法在初中教学中的运用研究姓名: 陈琳琳年级：2009语言文学本1班学号：04010901292012年6月4号Research on Appliance of T ask-Based Approach in Junior High School Language T eaching Abstract:Task-based approach is focused on increasing the language application and communicative competence of the students on the basis of language meaning. Its success relies mainly on its feasibility, its necessity, its designed tasks as well as its teaching principles to be followed in the junior high school English teaching.Key words: task-based approach, Junior high school English teaching, language knowledge, language competenceWith the reform of new curriculum, it is very necessary and important to apply Task-based Language Teaching into the class. This thesis mainly focus on the analysis of the definition, feasibility and necessary, principles and the case design of task-based language teaching to help the teacher to apply the teaching method.1 The Comprehension of T ask-Based Language T eaching1.1 The Definition of a T askA task is an activity which requires learners to arrive at an outcome from given information through some process of thought, and which allows teachers to control and regulate that process.( Prabhu 1987:24)Some scholars believe that a task has four main components: a purpose, a context, a process and a product(Brownell1994:40). In writer's opinion, tasks are some activities which the things people do in everyday life, at work, at play, and in between.1.2 How to Design the T askBy now we have discussed the definitions of a task, then we will focus on designing the task.Breen(1987:25)suggests that teachers need to address four sets of questions when designing tasks:(1)What is the objectives of the task?(2)What is the content of the task?(3)How is the task to be carried out?(4) In what situation is the task to be carried out?With the answers to the above questions in mind, we will give some specific steps in designing tasks. There are basically five steps:Step 1 Think about the students' needs, interests, and abilities. What are the needs, interests, and abilities of the students? What kind of things do they like to do?Step 2 Brainstorm possible tasks. Brainstorms a list of communicative tasks for the topics listed in your textbooks that students may be interested in doing. Bear in mind that a task should have a communicative purpose and should be goal-oriented.Step 3 Evaluate the list. After you have brainstormed the possible tasks, you can use the following criteria to evaluate them. Educational value; Appropriateness to the students' needs, interests, and abilities; Availability of suitable resources; Time available.Step 4 Choose the language items. It needs two stages to analyse the language items required by the tasks. Firstly, Considering the level of linguistic difficulty in order to decided whether to accept, reject or modify a task that you originally planned. Secondly, when you have drawn up your final list of tasks. Y ou need to work out the possible language knowledge and skills needed to accomplish the task. If necessary, some exercise-tasks or pre-task language practice may be design to prepare students linguistically for the task.Step 5 Preparing materials. The students need to carry out the tasks in following with the materials.1.3 The Definition of T ask-Based Language TeachingTask-Based Language Teaching is, in fact, a further development of Communicative Language Teaching. It shares the same beliefs, as language should be learned as close as possible to how it is used in real life.2 Feasibility and Necessary of T ask-Based Approach2.1 FeasibilityTask-Based Approach emphasis the way of communication to learn how to communicate with others. Because the junior high school student have learned basicand simple words and phrases in the primary school, it is possible to communicate with other. For example, phatic communication---good morning, hello, how are you etc. What's more, it is beneficial for them to have the courage to practice oral English in daily life.2.2 NecessityTask-Based Approach put the practice chance for the students on the first place. It enhances the concept of new curriculum criteria. It can set some communicative environment for students. Besides, it provides more practice chance to improve the students' creativities and initiatives.3 Keeping the Principles of T ask-based Approach3.1 Centered-on StudentsThe core of Task-based Approach is centered-on students. Students should play the active and important roles in the class. The teacher should serves the students and pay more attention to process and development.3.2 interactionCommunication is the final purpose of language learning, and the core of communication is interaction. The importance of interaction mainly lies on producing the language automatically. In order to communicative successfully, People more draw their's attention on the expression of meaning and the comprehension of information than grammar and language form. Language interaction provide the opportunities for students about the information input and language output. Therefore, it is necessary to take advantage of the interaction of students and students, students and teachers in the teaching.3.3 Combining Learning in-Class with Applying Outside ClassLanguage's learning and practice have a close relationship. The goal of learning is to apply. The important significance of this combination lies on narrowing the distance between the class and society. Besides, it stimulate the students' inner motivation of learning language.3.4 Grade PrincipleThe design of tasks should adhere to these principles from simple to complex, from easy to difficult, deeper in levels to satisfy different abilities' students.4 Task-Based Case Design of Language T eaching4.1 Introduction of the Case DesignLast summer I acted as a English teacher in Sunwan village of xuchang city. I taught the students in Grade 9. The textbook is go for it . Besides, every unit prepares the class by some topics. I will choose one topic of the class to analyses the appliance of Task-Based Approach in junior high school language teaching. The topic is Greeting and introducing people. The text <the way American greet>Will as an example.4.2 Preparation of the T askDuring these years, china have a more frequent communication with foreign countries. So, Students will meet many foreigners in daily life. I make full use of the point and set some questions.Task 1 Brainstorm. Divide the students into several groups and ask the following questions to arouse the interest about this topic.(1)Can you tell me some experience for greeting?(2)How do you respond to the greeting?After their discussion, students will give different ideas. There are many opinions to express. Besides, the atmosphere of class become active.4.3 Implement and Guidance of the TaskTask 2 Fast reading and ask the students to finish the following questions.（1）why don't most Americans like using titles in introduction?（2）Why do Americans ask you some personal questions?Task 3 Detailed ReadingDiscussion in groups: ask the students to read the text fast and get the general idea of each paragraph. Guiding the students to learn to use the key words or phrasesto generalize the main idea.Task 4 Retell the passage according to the general idea.4.4 Reflection Stage of the T askTask 5 Reading the text again and discusses the cultural differences between China and America.5. ConclusionThe thesis mainly talk about the task's definition and how to design a task. Besides, focusing on the definition, its feasibility and necessity and principles of Task-Based language Teaching. What's more, Task-based Case Design of Language Teaching proves that Task-based approach is very practical and useful in the junior high school class. By the cooperation between the students and teacher, it not only make the class atmosphere active but also stir up the students' interests and improve their competence.References:[1] Breen,M.. Learners contribution to task design. 1987[2]王伟立."the opinion of foreign language teaching ". Foreign languages and their teaching. 2003: (9) 174[3] 王蔷. 英语教学法教程（第二版). 北京：高等教育出版社,2006.5。