see watch look at observe notice hear listen to feel
+ sb./sth.
do
+ doing
done
注：以上词语用于被动语态要还原“to”
Eg: I often hear him sing this song.
He is often heard __to__s_in_g__ the song·
The bridge built last month needs repairing.
3.作表语
3.She was too frightened to move. What you said is really inspiring.
4.作补语
I saw him caught by the police. I heard them singing in the classroom.
be worth
动词不定式
1. To see you is glad. （作主语） =It is glad to see you. 常用it 作形式主语
2.I want to see you. (作宾语）
3.I want him to see you. （作宾补）
4.My hope is to see you. (作表语）
It is very kind of you to give me some help. It's impolite of you to speak to the teacher like that.
句型2：It takes sb time to do sth
It takes us an hour ___ get there by bus.
(1) They wanted ___(get) on the bus, didn’t they? (2) He said he wished _____( be ) a professor. (3) I agreed______ ( go ) there with the doctor. (4) He had promised _____ ( give ) me a hand.
完成式：表示关收音机的动作先于后面的动作， 并已经完成。
4. Not having received his father’s letter, he decided to make a call to him.
不定式和分词作补语的区别：
1. “吾看三室两厅一感觉”
5看：see、watch、look at、notice、observe 3使：make、let、have 2听：hear、listen to 1感觉：feel
with
sb./sth. doing
表示特征
+
sth. being done sth. done
表示状态
sth. to do
表示主动且进行/
表示被动且进行 表示被动且完成/
表示将来
Eg: With a lot of difficult problems to settle, the man is having a hard time.
object to
+ doing
like love 4 prefer start
doing
+
to do
begin
continue
forget
remember
doing
regret 5 stop
+
to do
try
mean
go on
need want
doing
require 6 deserve
+ to be done
分词
done
doing (正在)
to have done (将完成)
/ having done
()
否定式：在之前加“not”
被动式 being done
to be done (将被做)
/ being done (正在被做)
Eg:
1.The building being repaired is our library. 2.The question being discussed is very important. 3.Having turned off the radio, he began to go over his lessons.
doing
+
sb. to do
look forward to
can’t help
be used to
can’t stand
③
have fun feel like
give up
put off
pay attention to
have difficulty (in)
insist on
lead to
devote to
This is the story that is told by her. This is the story told by her .
When I was young, I also liked games. Being young, I also liked games.
He came home and cried(并列句）. He came home, crying.
Finding the door locked,
He started early in order that he could get there on time.
to get there on time
非谓的不同形式
动名词
一般式 doing
完成式 having done
不定式
to do (将做)
1.Make less noise，there’s a sleeping child. We only sell used books.
2.作后置定语
2.The young man sitting between John and Mary is the headmaster of our school.
It is + adj + for sb to do sth （是形容事物的性质的 ） It is + adj + of sb to do sth （是形容人的品质的 ）
Eg. It is easy for me to finish this work before ten.
It is a great honor for us to be present at your birthday party.
do
让…做…
make + sb./sth. + done 让… 被做
let
+ sb./ +
do
让…做…
be done 让… 被做
to do
get + sb./sth.+ doing
done
让…做… 让…做… 让… 被做
do
have +sb./sth. +
doing done
让…做… 让…持续做…
分词作状语：
Hearing the bad news, they couldn’t help crying.
Given more attention, the trees could have grown better.
If they had been given more
attention
Being so angry, he couldn’t go to sleep.
非谓语
非谓语动词
1．性质：它具有动词的特点，但 在句子中起着名词、形容词、副 词的作用，充当主语、表语、定 语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语的 作用，即：除谓语以外一切成分 。
非谓语：不作谓语，是改写从句的一种形式。
He told us that we should go to school. He told us to go to school.
2.见动名词用法
want expect wish allow advise ask cause force beg encourage invite order warn remind permit promise request persuade …
(3)作宾补
sb. to do
分词
1.作前置定语
动词不定式 to do
非谓语动词
动名词 v-ing
现在分词 v-ing
分词
过去分词 p.p
主语
宾语
动名词
不定式
分词
定语
状语
补语
表语
主动进行用现分 被动完成用过分 目的将来不定式 用途性质用动名
动名词
1.Swimming is his favorite sport.
（作主语）
2.He enjoys swimming. （作宾语） 3.His favorite sport is swimming. （作表语）
5.He has no time to see you.（作定语） 6.I’m glad to see you. （作原因状语） 7.I’m coming to see you（. 作目的状语） 8.He went so early as to see you（作结果状语）
(1)作主语
句型1：It is adj. for/of sb. to do sth.
+ 在做...
发现某人/某物正
sb./sth done
发现某人/某物已