Present Perfect Tense
初中现在完成时
1. He ______________ (play) soccer on the playground now. 2. He ______________ (play) soccer on the playground yesterday. 3. He ______________ (play) soccer on the playground when I saw him yesterday.
现在完成时的基本句型：
※肯定句：主语 + 助动词have/has + 动词的过去分词…
※否定句: 主语 + 助动词have/has + not + 动词的过去分词….
※ 一般疑问句：助动词Have/Has + 主语 + 动词的过去分词…? 肯定回答：Yes,主语+ have/has 否定回答： No，主语+ have/has not ※特殊疑问句：疑问词+助动词Have/Has + 主语 + 动词的过去分
up to now, so far, for the last few weeks since for
1.already 表示已经，置于助动词之后和实 意动词之前，常用于肯定句； He has already left here. 他已经离开这里了。 2.just表示刚刚，置于助动词之后和实意动词 之前，常用于肯定句。 I have just finished my homework.
4. He ______________ (play) soccer on the playground every day.
5. He ______________ (play) soccer on the playground tomorrow
afternoon.
6. He ______________ (play) soccer on the playground for a long time.
。
不规则变化：
am/is-was-been do-did-done ride-rode-ridden come-came-come take-took-taken run- ran – run begin-began-begun
see-saw-seen
标志词
already，yet, never, ever ,before ,just
词…?
实义动词的过去分词：
规则变化（和过去式一样）
1、一般情况下,动词词尾加-ed,如：work—worked play—played want—wanted ask—asked
2、以不发音的-e结尾动词,动词词尾加-d,如 ： live—lived move—moved taste—tasted. 3、 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词,把y改成i,加 — ed,如：study—studied try—tried carry—carried 4、重读闭音节动词,双写词尾辅音字母,再 加—ed, 如：stop—stopped
have been to/have gone to/have been in have been to 意思是“到过，去过”，去 了已回 have gone to 意思是“去了”，去了未 回 have been in 意思是“待在某地”归期 未知
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用Have been to, have gone to, have been in 填空
for 3. Our teacher has studied Japanese ___three years. 4. She has been away from the city ___ for about ten y ears. 5. It’s about ten years since __ she left the city.
定义 结构 标志词 非延续性动词的转换 Have 的动词词组如何区分
定义
※现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作 对现在造成的影响或结果 Someone has turned off the light. ※表示发生在过去某一时刻的动作,持续到现 在. I have lived there for five years
5、never 表示“从来没有“，置于助动词之后和实 意动词之前，常用于肯定句表示否定 We have never been to the Great Wall. 我们从来没有去过长城。
6、ever 表示“曾经”置于助动词之后和实意动词之前，

用于疑问句，
Have you ever been to Canada? 你们曾经去过加拿大吗？
7.up to now=so far, 迄今为止，到目前为止，
I have done so much works so far.
8.in/during the last/past +时间段， in/during the last five years,this city has changed a lot
9.for +时间段 Mary has been ill for three days. Since+时间点 since+一段时间+ago I have lived here since 1998. I have lived here since ten years ago. It is+时段+since从句（过去时） 等于 It has been +时间段+ since从句
For since
非延续性动词转换成延续性
※非延续性动词：动作一经发生即告结束，不与一
段时间连用 ※延续性 ：动作发生后还可以持续一段时间，可 以与一段时间连用
现在完成时表示的是过去的一个动作一直持续到现 在，如果与一段时间连用时，谓语动词必须是延续 性动词，或者就是非延续性动词转换成延续性动词
come—be here; go—be there; close—be closed; open—be open; buy—have; borrow —keep; leave—be away; begin—be on; finish—be over; die—be dead etc.
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1.Mike and his parents have gone ___ to the north for half a year,and their home is still empty.
been to 2.I have__________ Beijing many times.
3.Mr. Brown has been inShanghai for three days.
1.He got to Beijing five years ago. been He has ﹍﹍ ﹍ in Beijing for five years . 2.Maria borrowed this book three days ago . has kept Maria ﹍ ﹍ ﹍ this book for three days 3. The shop closed two hours ago. closedfor two hours . The shop has ﹍ been ﹍ ﹍
3. yet在现在完成时中的用法 否定句:句末 “还(没)” I haven’t had breakfast yet. 疑问句: 句末 “已经” Have you had breakfast yet? 4.before ,表示“之前，以前”，常置于句末 , 不受句型限制 I have seen this moive before.
Exercise
1.-Have you B travelled on the train? Yes, I have. (A) never (B)ever (C)just (D)
2.-Have you C learned English? -Yes, I've learned a lot. (A) never,ever (B)ever,never (C)ever,already (D)a lready.ever