2021届高考英语推理判断题题型分类与练习1．隐含推断题→“逻辑关联”得结论解题关键：阅读题干，锁定信息段落详读信息段，领悟隐含意义比对选项，进行推断本类试题一般采用“定位信息＋同义替换＋综合分析”的方法解答，即首先确定题干中的关键词，然后“按图索骥”在原文中搜索定位相关线索，抓住某一段话中的关键信息，以全文主旨大意和中心为依据，利用正向或逆向推理仔细推敲该句话的深层含义。
正确选项往往采用“同义替换”的方式命题。
有时需要在弄懂全文(段)意思的基础上，整合与题目相关的有用信息，综合起来去推理判断，确定最佳结论。
注意推断一定要以文章所提供的事实为依据，不能凭空想象，这样才能做出合理的推断。
例题：Whaley got the idea of this second－grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president.The answer broke his heart.Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public.He wants these kids to learn to boast(夸耀) about themselves.“Boasting about yourself，and your best qualities，”Whaley says，“is very difficult for a child who came into the cla ssroom not feeling confident.”We can infer that the purpose of Whaley's project is to _________.A．help students see their own strengthsB．assess students' public speaking skillsC．prepare students for their future jobsD．inspire students' love for politics根据“Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public.He wants these kids to learn to boast(夸耀) about themselves”和最后一段的内容可知，老师让学生参加竞选演说不仅仅是让学生们学会在公开场合演说，更重要的是让他们发现自己的长处，从而树立自信。
A项意为“帮助学生看到自己的长处”，与原文意思相符。
故选__A__。
2．观点态度类→“言为心声”求褒贬解题关键：阅读题干，找准关键词速读文章，寻找作者对某事物所持观点态度的语段体会字里行间流露的情感，与选项进行比对文章作者或者文中人物对某事物所持的态度或者观点往往隐含在字里行间或者流露于修饰词之中，这就要注意作者或文中人物的措辞。
①正确掌握字里行间所隐含或流露的意思。
切不可用自己的观点来代替作者或文中人物的观点。
②留意那些描写所处氛围的语言及表达情感、态度或观点的词语或句子。
③结合平时所积累的有关英语国家的文化传统、风俗习惯等背景知识来进行合理的推断。
作者或者文中人物的态度和观点无非就是三类：支持、赞同、乐观；反对、批评、怀疑、悲观；中立、客观。
熟悉如下有关作者情感、态度的词语。
褒义词：supportive(支持的)，positive(积极的)，optimistic(乐观的)，enthusiastic(热情的)等。
贬义语：negative(否定的，消极的)，ironic(讽刺的)，critical(批评的)，disgusted(厌恶的)，disappointed(失望的)等。
中性词：indifferent(漠不关心的)，uninterested(不感兴趣的)，objective(客观的)，neutral(中立的)等。
例题：Preparing Cities for Robot CarsThe possibility of self－driving robot cars has often seemed like a futurist's dream，years away from materializing in the real world.Well，the future is apparently now.The California Department of Motor Vehicles began giving permits in April for companies to test truly self－driving cars on public roads.The state also cleared the way for companies to sell or rent out self－driving cars...Policymakers should start thinking now about how to make sure the appearance of driverless vehicles doesn't extend the worst aspects of the car－controlled transportation system we have today.The coming technological advancement presents a chance for cities and states to develop transportation systems designed to move more people，and more affordably.The car of the future is coming.We just have to plan for it.What is the author's attitude to the future of self－driving cars？_________A．Doubtful. B．Positive.C．Disapproving. D．Sympathetic.根据首段中的Well，the future is apparently now和尾段中的The car of the future is coming.We just have to plan for it可知，作者对无人驾驶汽车的发展持乐观、积极的态度。
故选__B__。
3．写作意图类→“文体特点”寻意图解题关键：通读全文，确定文章体裁记叙文表达情感或者某个道理；应用文推销或者介绍；说明文展示用途或者过程；议论文论述道理或者表达观点作者写文章的目的通常有三种：to entertain readers常见于故事类的文章；to persuade readers常见于广告或议论文；to inform readers常见于文化类、社会类、科普类、新闻报道类文章。
考生可以根据不同的文体特点来快速确定主题句，把握文章主旨。
常见文体确定写作意图的方法如下：1．记叙文：一般会在首段或尾段出现隐含作者写作意图的总结性语言，全文围绕此总结性语言展开陈述。
2．说明文：一般会在文中反复出现所要说明的事物或者道理，作者的写作图意就在其中。
3．议论文：文章结构一般为提出论点—进行论证—得出结论，作者的写作意图往往在结论之中。
4．广告类应用文：全文会对所介绍的商品、服务内容等进行详尽的叙述，作者的写作意图相对明显。
4．文章出题→“语言特色”推出处解题关键：确定文章大意关注文章语气和措辞对比选项；确定答案推断文章出处是高考英语阅读中一个比较常见的考点，主要考查考生能否根据文章主题、内容特点、文体特征、语言风格等判断出所读文章的具体出处。
如：1．若所读材料具有较强的时效性，则可能出自新闻报道；2．若所读材料侧重历史事实，且措辞严谨，则可能出自历史教科书；3．若所读材料涉及工作要求、工资待遇、联系电话等，则可能出自招聘广告；若所读材料推销介绍新产品，且格式特殊，则可能是产品广告；若所读材料轻松、休闲、普及各科知识，则可能出自旅游杂志、休闲杂志等；4．若文章开头主持人向听众问好，并作自我介绍，则可能是广播稿；5．若文章中出现网址或与其相关的词汇表达，如click，则可能出自网站。
例题：Many of us love July because it's the month when nature's berries and stone fruits are in abundance.These colourful and sweet jewels from British Columbia's fields are little powerhouses of nutritional protection.Of the common berries，strawberries are highest in vitamin C，although，because of their seeds，raspberries contain a little more protein(蛋白质)，iron and zinc(not that fruits have much protein)．..If you have a_juicer，you can simply feed in frozen bananas and some berries or sliced fruit.Out comes a “soft－serve”creamy dessert，to be eaten right away.This makes a fun activity for a children's party；they love feeding the fruit and frozen bananas into the top of the machine and watching the ice cream come out below.◆From which is the text probably taken?A．A biology textbook. B．A health magazine.C．A research paper. D．A travel brochure.文章首先指出七月是水果盛产的季节，并指出各种水果富含的营养，最后一段指出可以用a juicer为孩子们做一些甜点和冰激凌，故本文很可能是从健康杂志上摘取的文章。