山东农业大学毕 业 论 文 基于51单片机的电子式单相智能电表设计 院系： 机械与电子工程学院 专业班级： 电气工程及其自动化专业三班 届次：20**届 学生姓名： 学号： 指导教师： 二0**年六月六日……………………. ………………. …………………装订线……………….……. …………. …………. ………目录引言 (3)1传统电能表 (3)1.1电能表的发展 (3)1.2 电能表的发展前景 (3)2 智能电能表 (4)2.1智能电表的概念 (4)2.2 智能电能表的典型结构 (4)2.3智能电表的主要特点 (4)3系统设计的基本思路和具体设计任务以及结构框图 (4)3.1系统设计的基本思路 (4)3.2具体设计任务 (5)3.3 系统结构框图 (5)4系统硬件电路设计 (6)4.1 计量芯片ADE7757 (6)4.1.1 ADE7757功能及特点概述 (6)4.1.2 ADE7757计量芯片的内部结构和各引脚功能 (6)4.1.3 ADE7757的原理特性 (7)4.1.4 ADE7757与单片机的接口 (8)4.2电能计量电路设计 (8)4.2.1电压采集通道设计 (9)4.2.2电流采集通道设计 (10)4.2.3计量芯片与单片机之间连线 (11)4.3单片机外围电路设计及器件选择 (11)4.3.1 单片机STC89C52概述、引脚配置及功能概述 (11)4.3.2 单片机控制电路最小系统 (13)4.3.3 LCD显示器模块设计 (14)4.3.3.1 LCD显示器工作原理简介 (14)4.3.3.2 芯片1602简介 (14)4.3.3.3 显示电路设计 (16)4.3.4 数据存储模块设计 (16)4.3.4.1芯片24C02简介 (16)4.3.4.2 存储模块电路设计图 (17)4.3.5时钟模块设计 (18)4.3.5.1 DS1302简介 (18)4.3.5.2 时钟电路设计 (19)4.3.6 通信模块设计 (19)4.3.6.1单片机串行通信基础 (19)4.3.6.2 RS232串行口标准简介 (20)4.3.6.3 MAX232简介 (20)4.3.6.4 接口电路设计 (21)4.3.7 电源模块设计 (21)5 系统软件程序流程图以及上位机设计 (23)5.1主程序设计框图 (23)5.2 功率计量流程图 (23)5.3 按键查询流程图 (25)5.4上位机设计 (25)6 总结 (26)参考文献 (27)致谢 (28)附录 (29)ContentsAbstracts (1)Introduction (1)1Traditional meters (1)1.1 The development of meters (1)1.2 The prospects of meters (2)2 Smart meters (2)2.1The concept of smart meters (2)2.2 The typical structure of smart meters (2)2.3The main features of smart meters (3)3The basic idea of system design and detailed design tasks and structure diagram (3)3.1The basic idea of system design (3)3.2The detailed design tasks (3)3.3 System structure diagram (4)4System hardware circuit design (4)4.1 Metering chip ADE7757 (4)4.1.1 ADE7757 functions and features Overview (5)4.1.2 ADE7757 chip's internal structure and function of each pin (6)4.1.3 The principle of ADE7757 (6)4.1.4ADE7757 and microcontroller interface (6)4.2 Energy Metering Circuit Design (7)4.2.1Design of voltage acquisition channels (8)4.2.2Design of the current acquisition channel (9)4.2.3Metering connection between the chip and the microcontroller (9)4.3 Single-chip peripheral circuit design and component selection (9)4.3.1 SCM STC89C52 overview, pin configuration and function overview .. 124.3.2 Minimum System of MCU control circuit (13)4.3.3 LCD display module design (13)4.3.3.1 LCD monitor works Introduction (13)4.3.3.2 Chip 1602 Introduction (14)4.3.3.3 Display circuit design (15)4.3.4 Design Data storage module (15)4.3.4.1 Chip 24C02 Introduction (16)4.3.4.2 The memory module circuit design (16)4.3.5Clock Module Design (16)4.3.5.1 DS1302 Introduction (17)4.3.5.2 Clock circuit design (18)4.3.6 Communication Module (18)4.3.6.1Serial communication infrastructure (18)4.3.6.2 RS232 serial port standard profiles (19)4.3.6.3 MAX232 Introduction.................................. 错误！未定义书签。

4.3.6.4 Interface Circuit Design ............................... 错误！未定义书签。

4.3.7 Power Module Design ............................................ 错误！未定义书签。

5 System software flowchart design............................................ 错误！未定义书签。

5.1Main design diagram ....................................................... 错误！未定义书签。

5.2 Power Measurement flow chart (24)5.3 Key polling flow (24)6 Summary (25)References (26)Acknowledgements (27)Appendix (28)基于51单片机的电子式单相智能电表设计（山东农业大学机械与电子工程学院泰安 271018）摘要：随着现代智能电网技术的大力发展，智能电表作为智能电网的不可或缺的组成部分，也将迎来疾速发展。

将来，智能电表必将在全国大范围内安装。

因此对智能电表技术进行研究，将会有重大的现实意义。

传统电表测量精度不高，只显示用电总量，功能单一，并且人工抄表，十分繁琐。

研究智能电表是为了实现电表高精度测量，用电数据保护，简单的自动报警，远程抄表等功能。

其中远程抄表系统可以实现供电方和用电方的实时通信，不再需要人工抄表。

本此设计在对传统电表的弊端分析之后，提出了智能电表的设计方案，该设计主要由数据采样模块，电能计量模块，单片机控制模块，数据显示模块，数据存储模块，数据通信模块等组成。

其中，51单片机是智能电表的核心，外围其他所有的硬件都在它的控制下进行工作。

外围硬件电路采用模块化设计，数据采集模块的功能是把电网中不可直接测量的大电压、大电流转变为可以直接处理测量的小电压、小电流，然后通过电能计量芯片ADE7757，完成对电能计量。

显示模块的功能是为用户提供实时的电量信息。

存储模块、通信模块的功能是实现电量信息的及时存储和与上位机的交换。

关键词：智能电表 51单片机 ADE7757 精确测量远程抄表The design of smart meter based on 51 microcontroller(Mechanical & Electrical Engineering College of Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong 271018) Abstract: With the rapid development of modern smart grid technology, the smart meter as an important part of smart grid has been developed rapidly. In the future, smart meters must been installed in a wide range. So the research of smart meter technology is of practical significance.Traditional meter’s measurement accuracy is not high, only show the total amount of electricity, have single function, and the need for manual meter reading wastes resources. The main study of smart meters is in order to achieve high-precision measurement, data protection, automatic alarm, load control, remote meter reading and other functions. Remote meter reading system can achieve real-time communication, no need for manual meter reading. In this paper, I put forward the design of smart meters based on single-chip, which is designed primarily by the data sampling module, energy metering module, single-chip control module, display module, memory module, communication modules and other components. Single-chip is smart meters "brain", all the peripheral hardware work under its coordination control. The peripheral hardware circuits is modular, data sampling module can convert not directly measured large voltage and large current of the grid to small voltages and small currents be used to measure. Electricity metering IC ADE7757 can achieve energy metering. The display module provides real-time power information for the user. Storage module and communication module can storage and exchange the information of electricity in a timely manner with the host computer.Keywords: Smart meters accurately measure ADE7757 microcontroller 51 remote meter reading引言伴随我国经济的飞速发展，电力已经成为国家的不可或缺的能源。