2018年高考英语五月预测押题精选（二）（全国Ⅰ卷适用）第1卷一、阅读理解1. As self —driving cars come closer to being common on American roads, much of the rhetoric (说辞) promoting them has to do with safety. About 40,000 people die on U. S. roads every year, and driver errors are linked to more than 90 percent of crashes. But many of the biggest advocates of autonomous vehicles aren’t car companies looking to improve the safety of their existing products. Huge backing for self - driving technologies is coming from Silicon Valley giants like Google and Apple.Those of us who have studied the relationship between technology and society tend to look more carefully at the motivations behind any technological push. In this case, it’s clear that in addition to addressing safety concerns, Silicon Valley firms have a strong incentive (动机) to create a new venue for increasing the use of their digital devices. Every minute people spend on their mobile phones provides data - and often money - to tech companies.At present, digital devices and driving are in conflict: There are serious, often fatal, consequences when drivers use smartphones to talk or to text. Regulators and safety advocates look to resolve dial conflict by banning phone use while driving - as has happened in virtually every state. But the tech companies are taking a different approach. The obvious answer for Silicon Valley is creating an antomobile in which continuous cellphone use no longer poses a threat to anyone.In recent years, the amount of time adults spend on their mobile devices has grown rapidly. At the moment, it’s around four hours a day for the average adult in the U. S. However, that rapid growth is likely to slow down as people run out of time that ’ s available for them to use their devices. Unless, of course, there’sa new block of time that suddenly opens up. The average American now spends about48 minutes in a car every day, a sizable opportunity for increased cellphone use.So as the public conversation around autonomous cars highlights the safety advantages, don’t forget the tech industry ’ s powerful desire for more profits, which goes well beyond simply saving us from ourselves.1.Who are responsible for most traffic accidents in America?A.Car companies.B.Tech companies.C.Drivers.D.Self - driving cars.2.What is Silicon Valley’s motive for promoting self - driving technologies?A.To make more money.B.To reduce traffic accidents.C.To limit the use of digital devices.D.To support car companies.3.What is the present - day solution to the conflict between digital devices and driving?A.Teaching people traffic rules.B.Improving self-driving technologies.C.Fixing digital devices in cars.D.Banning phone use while driving.4.What does the underlined phrase “a new block of time” p ossibly refer to?A.The working time.B.People’s spare time.C.The time spent in the car.D.The time spent on mobile devices.2.Two in three Americans shower once a day or more, according to a YouGov poll. Here’s why you might be better off showering less frequently(and here are other ways you might be showering wrong)1.What’s the whole passage mainly about?A.Reasons you can probably get away with showering less.B.Advice you can take on how to shower more and better.C.Harmful effects made on you through showering less.D.Benefits you can get from showering on a daily basis.2.This passage provides us with the following further detailed information Except ___.A.the best time of day to showerB.the proper temperature for your showerC.the other ways you shower wrongD.the other ways to cut your water bill3.Which of the following is Not a reason why you should shower less?A.Showering gets rid of good bacteria.B.You’re absolutely as dirty as you think.C.Towel drying causes damage to your skin.D.You only really need to wash your smelly parts3. The “24 solar terms” was firstly used in China. It was created thousands of years ago on the basis of practical needs of agriculture. Ancient Chinese people used it to guide agriculture production, special climate signs and even healthy living tips. Last year, the 24 solar terms was added to UNESCO’s world intangible cultural heritage list. Now, it has been brought to life thanks to a creative designer from Southwest China’s Guizhou province.On the eve of this year’s Qingming Festival, Shi Changhong released(发布) his version of re-produced and pack-aged characters for each solar term in the form of “moving art” of gifs (动画). Since their first release on Zccol on March 29, the gifs have won great praise among the general public and quickly swept social media with millions of hits during the festival period.To maximize publicity, Shi released his work in three forms: video, cartoon and picture, while, the background sounds add to the brilliance.“When I watch the short video, I can strongly feel the Chinese-style elements(元素) hidden in them. And it is really cool to refresh Chinese traditional culture in such a unique way.” WeChat user Xiao Feifei said.“It is really a comfort to me to see so many p eople like my latest work. To be honest, it would really surprise me if the work does not awaken a sensation among Chinese people. The 24 solar items is a concept that sums up the essence(精髓) of Chinese wisdom. However, only a small percentage of people know all the names or the correct order of those terms. My intention is to increase Chinese people’s self awareness to learn more about our traditional fine culture. Actually, the 24 solar items work is only a part of my whole design program ‘Charm China’, w hichI started over a year ago.” Shi told China Daily.1.What do you think the underlined word “Zccol” refers to?A.A magazine.B.A website.C.A radio broadcast.D.A daily newspaper.2.What is the purpose of the passage?A.To introduce a creative designer.B.To introduce the origin of the 24 solar terms.C.To introduce a design program “Charm China”.D.To introduce the 24 solar items work.3.What can we know from the text?A.The background sounds of the work make the video more attractive.B.It really surprised Shi Changhong to see so many people like his latest work.C.Most old people know all the names of the correct order of the 24 solar termsD.The 24 solar items work by Shi Changhong was added to UN4.Which part of the newspaper does the text probably belong to?A.Travel.B.Business.C.Culture.cation4. It’s 3 o’clock and you’ve been hard at work. As you sit at your desk,a strong desire for chocolate overcomes you. You try to busy yourself to make it go away. But it doesn’t. Here is another sit uation. Perhaps you are not feeling well. The only thing you want to eat is a big bowl of chicken soup, like your mom used to make when you were sick as a child. Food cravings are a strong desire for a specific type of food. And they are normal.Scientists at the website How Stuff Works compare hunger and cravings this way. Hunger is a fairly simple connection between the stomach and the brain. They even call it simply “stomach hunger.” When our stomachs burn up all of the food we have eaten, a hormone (荷尔蒙) sends a message to one part of the brain for more food, which regulates our most basic body functions such as thirst, hunger and sleep. The brain then produces a chemical to start the appetite and you eat. Hunger is a function of survival.A craving is more complex. It activates (使活跃) brain areas related to emotion, memory and reward. These are the same areas of the brain activated during drug-craving studies. So, some scientists call food cravings “mind hunger.” People often crave foods that are high in fat and sugar. Foods that are high in fat or high in sugar produce chemicals in the brain. These chemicals give us feelings of pleasure.In a 2007 study, researchers at Cambridge University found that “dieting or restricted eating generally inc reases the possibility of food craving.” So, the more you deny yourself a food that you want, the more you may crave it. However, fasting is a bit different. They found that eating no food at all for a short period of time lessened food cravings.So, the next time you crave something very specific, know that your brain may be more to blame than your stomach.1.What is the function of the first paragraph?A.To remind readers of their own special food.B.To deepen the understanding of hunger.C.To report the discovery of craving study.D.To lead to the topic of the whole passage2.What do we learn about food craving?A.It shows food is linked to feelings.B.It ensures a person survives hunger.C.It means the stomach functions well.D.It proves the brain decides your appetite.3.What’s the likely result of dieting?A.The decrease of chemicals.B.The increase of food desire.C.The refusal of fat and sugar.D.The disappearance of appetite.4.What does the passage mainly discuss?A.The functions of brain areas.B.What hunger is all about.C.The findings of food craving.二、七选五项。