Answer: C

Informed consent is a norm in which subjects base their voluntary participation in research projects on a full understanding of the possible risks involved.

Interviews to discover any problems generated by the research experience so they can be corrected.
Ethical Issues in Social Research

Institutional Review Boards • Review research proposals involving humans so they can guarantee the rights and interests are protected.
Answer: E

The controversy surrounding Laud Humphreys’ study of homosexuals suggests he most violated the ethical principle of harm to subjects and anonymity.
Chapter 3
The Ethics and Politics of Social Research
Chapter Outline


Introduction Ethical Issues in Social Research Two Ethical Controversies The Politics of Social Research
Answer: B

The major justification the social scientist has for requesting participation in a study is that: it may help all humanity.
3. The controversy ounding Laud Humphreys’ study of homosexuals suggests he most violated which of the following ethical principles? A. anonymity and confidentiality B. harm to subjects and data reporting without identification C. concealed identity of researcher and anonymity D. value-free inquiry and concealed identity of researcher E. harm to subjects and anonymity
3.
4.
Awareness of ideologies enriches the study and practice of social research methods. While researchers should not let their values interfere with their research, this does not mean that researchers should not express both their scientific expertise and personal values.
Ethical Controversy: Stanley Milgram


Study of human obedience. Subjects had role of "teacher" and administered a shock to "pupils". Pupils were actually part of the experiment.
Question

______________ is a norm in which subjects base their voluntary participation in research projects on a full understanding of the possible risks involved. A. research participation B. the Hawthorne effect C. informed consent D. the code of ethics E. none of these choices
Question

Both ethics and politics hinge on: A. idiographic research B. power and resources C. manifest research D. ideological points of view
Answer: D
Anonymity

The researcher cannot identify a given response with a given respondent.
Confidentiality

Researcher can identify a given person's responses but promises not to do so publicly.
Ethics and Politics of Social Research


Ethics deals mostly with methods used in research. Politics deals with the substance and use of research. There are no formal codes of accepted political conduct.
4. Deception must be justified by compelling scientific concerns. 5. Researchers must be honest about their findings and research.
Question

Which constraints must be placed on social research for it to be considered realistic? A. scientific constraints B. administrative constraints C. ethical constraints D. all of these choices
Ethical Controversy: Laud Humphreys


Study of homosexual behavior in public restrooms. Lied to participants by telling them he was a voyeur-participant. Traced participants to their home and interviewed them under false pretenses.
Ethical Issues in Social Research

Professional Codes of Ethics • Most professional associations have formal codes of conduct that describe acceptable and unacceptable professional behavior.
Ethical Issues in Social Research
1.
2. 3.
Voluntary participation No harm to participants Anonymity and confidentiality
Ethical Issues in Social Research
Answer: E

Ethics enter in all of these fields: natural sciences, psychology, medical and sociology.
2. The major justification the social scientist has for requesting participation in a study is that A. it may help the respondent. B. it may help all humanity. C. it may help the social scientist. D. it may help government officials make policy decisions. E. it may help improve the educational system.
Question

Though the norm of voluntary participation is important, it is often: A. justifiably violated B. not received C. impossible to follow D. all of these choices
Answer: D

Though the norm of voluntary participation is important, it is often justifiably violated, not received, and impossible to follow.