英语常用短语的用法与练习（3）11. as for至于，关于；用法：as to 和as for表示“就……而论”“有关”或“至于”。

但二者用法不尽相同。

as to 的功能类似于with regard to，regarding，on the matter of，concerning 等，常用于相当正式的语境中，尤其用于争论和做出决定时。

可放于句首或与wh- 疑问词引导的动词不定式和名词性从句连用（有时可省略），而as for 无此种用法。

例如：As to the journey，we must decide about that later.至于旅行，我们必须以后再作决定。

as to 有时用于表示according to 的含义。

例如：They sorted the eggs as to size and color.as for 和as to 都可用于句首，引出一个与前一个话题稍微有些不同的话题，但as for 在语体上不如as to 正式，并且着重话题的转换，也就是说，它所引导的是前面尚未提到过的新的事情，因此它不能用于文章的开头。

另外，as for 有时表达轻蔑的语气。

例如：We had a delightful weekend in the country. As for the traffic，we had no difficulty.在乡下我们度过了一个愉快的周末。

至于交通，我们没有遇到任何困难。

例句：①As for you, you ought to be ashamed of yourself.至于你, 你应该感到惭愧。

②You can have a bed；as for him，he'll have to sleep on the floor.有一张床给你，至于他，就只能睡在地板上了。

③As for him，I know nothing.至于他，我一点也不了解。

as短语：as to 至于，关于；提到；就……而论(至于，说到)；配套练习：(1).完成句子：①He was uncertain _____ (至于) which road to take.②Would you be so kind _____ (至于) help me to move the stone?③______ my past, I’m not telling you anything.(2).单项填空①_____ two exams to worry about, I have to work really hard this weekend.A. WithB. BesidesC. As forD. Because of②One of the purposes of United Nations is to achieve international co-operation without distinction as to race,____, language or religion.A. sexB. femaleC. maleD. skin③_____ no need for as to do the experiment again, it was mot long before we left the chemistry lab.A. There hasB. There wasC. There beingD. It being④Would you be so kind as to _____ me ten minutes?A. spendB. saveC. spareD. share12. pay attention to 注意；用法：pay attention to 后面可以直接加名词、代词或者动名词，但是值得我们注意的是，这里的to是一个介词，并不是能构成动词不定式的，这和look forward to是一样的。

所以呢，这个词组后面要接动词的话，那麽就要在动词后加ing了。

例句：①You should pay attention to your spelling.你要注意自己的拼写。

②We had paid attention to him. 我们已经注意到他了。

③They paid attention to watching the scene. 他们注意到了观察现场。

attention短语：bring sth. to one’s attention 使某事引起某人注意；call/draw one’s attention to sth. 使某人注意某事；draw/catch/attract one’s attention 引起某人的注意；fix/focus/concentrate one’s attention on sth. 集中注意力于某事物；配套练习：(1).完成句子:①他的提议没有引起任何注意。

No attention ______ his advice.②他提醒我注意一些新的证据。

He ______ some new evidence.(2).单项填空:①Every year China’s Autumn Export Commodities _____ in Guangzhou attracts much attention of more and more businessmen or merchants all over the world.A. FirmB. ShowC. FairD. Exhibition②Don’t worry. Your child is old enough to himself.A. take care ofB. care forC. looking afterD. pay attention to③--- At what time did you _______ the office?--- Oh, sorry. I didn’t pay any attention to the time when I came in.A. returnB. return toC. come backD. go back④The struggle against sand storm will not end _____ victory unless we pay much attention to the balance of nature.A. atB. inC. forD. with⑤_____, I have to put it away and focus my attention on study this week.A. However that story is amusingB. No matter amusing the story isC. However amusing the story isD. No matter how the story is amusing13. badly off穷的；处境差的；缺少的；例句：①I am quite badly off recently. 最近我经济上很拮据。

②His health is worse off than before. 他的身体状况比以前更糟糕了。

③The refugees are badly off for blankets, and even worse off for food. 难民需要毯子, 更需要食物。

④Capitalism can make you well off.资本主义可以让你变得富裕。

短语：be badly off for sth. 需要（某物）；（某物）供应不足；worse off 境况更差；更穷困；well off 富裕；处境好（比较级：better off境况更佳）；配套练习：单项填空：①Though he was _____ , he looked down upon those who had a lot of money.A. well offB. richC. badly offD. well–known②We shouldn’t complain about being poor because many families are much _____.A. better offB. badly offC. well offD. worse off③We aren't too badly off but we can't afford a house like that.A.well offB.badly offC.worse offD.better off④The refugees are badly off for blankets, and even worse off for food.A.badly off; worse offB.well off; better offC.badly off; better offD.well off; worse off14. because of因为；由于because of是介词短语，后跟名词、代词或动名词及what从句。

如：She got hurt because of what you’d said.她因为你的话而受到伤害。

辨析：（1）due to/ thanks to/ owing to/ as a result ofdue to 意为“由于”常作表语，也作后置定语和状语。

thanks to意为“多亏；由于”只作状语。

owing to意为“由于”常作状语。

as a result of意为“由于”作状语。

(2)because/as/since/forbecause表示直接原因，语气最强。

回答why提出的问题只能用because。

在强调句型中，也只能用because。

as用于解释做某事的原因，语气较弱，通常位于主句前。

since表示的原因是指人们已知的事实，常意为“既然”。

语气比because 弱，但比as强。

通常位于主句前，并常与as换用。

for并列连词，连接并列分句，表示一种补充说明，是推测或判断的理由，语气较弱，不可位于主句前。

有时可表示直接原因，相当于because。

配套练习：单项填空①People crowded on the road and could not go forward ____ the traffic accident some cars had made.A. withB. sinceC. because ofD. because②I said nothing about it, _____ his wife’s being there.A.because ofB.becauseC.sinceD.as③He knew she was crying _____ what he had said.A.asB.because ofC.because ofD.since④Tom’s absence was _____ the rain.A.because ofB.becauseC.due toD.since15. before long不久以后；用法：before long 是介词短语，意为“不久以后”“不久”，所在句中的谓语动词可用于各种时态。