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文档之家› 国家游泳中心“水立方”暖通空调设计亮点介绍[1]
国家游泳中心“水立方”暖通空调设计亮点介绍[1]
Annual Elec. Lighting Consumption Comparison: Water cube vs. Reference Building
Area
Competition Pool Leisure Pool Bubble Bar
Shopping Corridor South
Shopping Corridor North
国家游泳中心“水立方”暖通空调设计亮点介绍
毛红卫
国家注册工程师,副总工程师, ASHRAE 会员 中建国际设计顾问有限公司 (CCDI) 2008.11.14
内容 Contents
1 创新的ETFE 幕墙建筑热工设计 2 高效节能的暖通空调系统 3 泳池防结露设计 4 暖通空调系统在“快速泳池” 中的贡献
• Frits painted on ETFE: Diameter = 16mm,Density = 10%、 20%、30%、50% and 65%。
Daylight Illumination of the Olympic Pool Hall
Visualisation of the Olympic Pool Hall, Daylight Only
全年累计冷负荷
年空调用电量
33
40
45
50
Cavity Temperature(℃)
10200 10150 10100 10050 10000 9950 9900 9850 9800
Cavity Ventilation Temperature vs. Annual AC Elec. Consumption
比赛大厅室内空气温度
Temperature distribution in Sept., Leisure Pool, Natural Ventilation Mode
室外空气温度
Temperature distribution from April to October, Competition Pool, Natural VentilatSolar Heating
Cooling and Heating Load in Leisure Pool affected by Transparent ETFE:
Peak Cooling Load(KW)
Accumulative
Cooling Load (MWh)
key thermal characteristics of the ETFE bubble façade
U-values of Roof 0.68 w/m2.K
U-values of Wall 0.88 w/m2.K
可变遮阳系数的围护结构
Seasonally Variable Shading Design
(h)
Reference Building
Water Cube
1664
3363
1747
3285
2583
4290
1719
3375
1877 1845
3874 3599
Increased (%)
102.1 88.1 66.1 96.3
106.4 95.1
Day lighting Utilization: Water Cube vs. Reference Building
T(℃)
33 40 45 50
Accumulative Cooling Load (MWh)
5215.64 6125.20 6454.81 6973.57
Annual AC Elec. Consumption (MWh)
10050.29 9886.85 9910.24 9985.49
自然通风研究 Natural Ventilation Study
•
冬季平均遮阳系数为0.4,
–
SC= 0.4 in winter
•
夏季为0.2。
–
SC = 0.2 in summer
•
Measures:
•
1、空腔内进行通
–
Ventilated Cavity
•
2、不同朝向的ETFE外墙采用不同密度的图
案。
–
patterning the various layers of
Temperature distribution in May, Leisure Pool, Natural Ventilation Mode
Temperature distribution from June to August, Leisure Pool, Natural Ventilation Mode
Example in Green Building Design:National Olympic Swimming Center
项目地点:北京市景观路 总建筑面积:87283㎡ 层数:地上赛时3层、赛后5层,地下2层 设计/竣工: 2003年/2006年 建筑设计合作公司:PTW Architects 工程合作公司:Ove Arup PYD
the facade with translucent
painted ‘frit’.
通过调整薄膜上的镀点密度,获得 0.13~0.59不等的遮阳系数,使之实现 建筑设计所需满足的热工性能。
自然光研究 Daylight Study
• 传热系数、透光率、遮阳系数决定了气枕 ETFE层数及镀点密度 The number of ETFE layers and the density of frits painted on ETFE are designed differently to optimize the heat-transfer coefficient, light transmittance, and shading coefficient of the facade.
自然光模拟: 9 hours day light per day
Area
Competition Pool Leisure Pool Bubble Bar Shopping
Corridor - South Shopping
Corridor - North Skating Rink
Num. Hours utilized by Daylighting
A series of Ethylene Tetra Fluoro Ethylene (ETFE) bubbles.
材料性能 Material Performance
1. 阻燃材料,熔点为275摄氏度 2. 优秀的隔热保温性能 3. 良好的自洁性 4. 轻质,每层仅0.2MM厚 5. 良好透光性能 6. 正常使用寿命30年。
项目 日期
8月8日 8月9日 9月8日
空调系统峰值用电量(kW)
3138 3348 2072
8% 41%
制冷主机空调用电
量(kWh)
空调末端空调用电
Skating Rink
Aunual Lighting Consumption(kwh)
Water Cube 220147
Reference Building 434234
282448 5606
520582 17282
51220
100100
25948 62166
67884 134347
Energy Saving (%)
1. Self-extinguishing quality ,Melt temperature 275oC
2. Excellent thermal insulation 3. Self-cleaning surface 4. Light weight, average thickness is 0.2MM 5. Good light permeability 6. Design life 30 years
照片回顾
1 创新的ETFE 幕墙建筑热工设计
外墙材料ETFE Facade Material ETFE
简介 Brief
立面的双层皮结构由一系列小的单元组 成,每个单元的外面都覆盖着一层薄膜双层聚四氟乙烯(ETFE)。
The facade system is comprised of a series of paneled units that are mounted as internal and external skins.
2760.44 2149.68 610.76
175.9
不透明墙体 半透明ETFE墙体
负荷差 折合电量
最大冷负荷 (KW) 581.48
874.94
-293.46
累计冷负荷 (MWh)
220.84 543.79 -322.95
-92.3*
最大热负荷 (KW) 1577.36
1366.94
210.42
累计热负荷 (MWh) 2760.44 2149.68
610.76
175.9**
注: * 制冷系统综合COP按3.5计算; ** 水立方采用市政供热,根据《绿色奥运建筑评估体系》中的能质系数0.288进行折合。
全年累计冷负荷 (MWh)
年空调用电量(MWh) 全年累计冷负荷 (MWh)
年空调用电量(MWh)
空腔通风 Cavity Ventilation Analysis
Peak Heat Load (KW)
Accumulative
Heating Load (MWh)
Solid Wall Translucent ETFE
Wall Difference
Elec.
581.48 874.94 -293.46
220.84 543.79 -322.95 -92.3
1577.36 1366.94 210.42