澳洲法律相关词汇The accused / defendant (accuser) 被告Contact 探视Acquit/Acquittal 宣告无罪Adjourn/Adjournment 休庭Admit/Admission 供认、招认Admissible 可接纳的Confess 认罪、供认、招认Evidence 证据Advice/advise 告诫Affidavit 宣誓书、经宣誓的书面陈述Allege 指控Alibi 不在现场的证据Appeal 上诉Appellant 上诉人Appear in court 出庭Applicant 申请人Arrest 逮捕Assistance 援助Bail 保释、保释金Barrister 辩护律师Case/matter 案子、诉讼案件Claim 要求权，声称、断言，索赔（damage）,认领（lost or stolen property）Client 委托人Complain 控诉、民事起诉Dereliction of duty 失职、玩忽职守John Doe/ Jane Doe 无名氏Detective 侦探Plain clothes officer 便衣警察Police force 警力Police officer 警察Uniformed police officer 制服警察Squad 科Breath analysis squad 酒精测试小组Drug squad 缉毒科Fraud squad 诈骗科Organised crime squad 反犯罪小组Prison officer 狱卒Common law 普通法Consult 咨询Contempt of court 蔑视法庭Contest 辩驳Contested action 对抗动作Convict/Conviction 定罪，罪犯Co-respondent 共同被告Coroner 法官Costs 费用Counsel 律师Counselling service 心理辅导Stand bail (for sb) 保释某人Apply for bail 申请保释Appeal against bail 保释上诉Present a case 呈递诉讼Charge with 控告Double jeopardy 双重判案、一罪重审Presumption of innocence 无罪推定、无罪假设Presumption of regularity 正当性推定Presumption of sanity 精神正常的推定Beyond all reasonable doubt 不合理的怀疑Benefit of the doubt 最后判决Burden of proof 举证责任Onus 责任Statement 供述Apprehend 逮捕、居留Arrest 逮捕Caution 警告Cell 单人牢房Commit an offence 犯罪Finger print 指纹Homicide squad 犯罪集团Interrogate 审讯Patrol 巡逻队Police station 警察局Criminal record 犯罪记录Release 释放Report 报警；报道Resisting arrest 拒捕Question 疑问Search 搜查Surrender 投降；上交Suspect 嫌疑犯Power of attorney 委托书、授权书、代理权Enduring guardian 永久监护人Prison guard 狱警、管教Prison warden 狱长Hearing 审讯、听证会Mention 庭前审理Committal hearing 庭审Arraignment (District Court) 提讯听证Abscond 潜逃、逃跑Bond 合同Placed/put on bail 保释Good behaviour bond 守行为Custody/in custody 监护权（of children）,拘留、扣留（take into custody）Unlawful custody 非法拘留Pending bail 保释等候Detention centre 拘留中心Imprisonment 坐牢Prison监狱Parole board 假释委员会On parole获准假释Institution 院Gaol 监狱、坐牢Identification 身份证明Probation officer 缓刑官Rehabilitation 戒毒；戒赌Remand 还押On remand 在押Remand centre 拘留所Sentence 判刑Probation 缓刑Suspended sentence 缓刑Legal advice 法律意见Criminal 罪犯Court order 法庭指令Crime 罪行Decree absolute 颁布法令、命令Decree nisi 日后才生效的离婚判决书Cross-examination 盘问Examination in chief 对证人的讯问Damages 损失、损害De facto 事实上、实际上Defend 辩护Defendant 被告Dispute 争论Dissolution of marriage 解除婚姻关系Engage a lawyer 请律师Exculpatory 申明无罪的On the balance of probability 权衡双方证据Jury/juror 陪审团Justice of the Peace (JP) 治安法官Legal action 法律诉讼Administrative Appeals Tribunal 行政上诉仲裁庭Industrial Relations Commission 劳资关系委员会Children’s Court 儿童法庭Juvenile Court 青少年、未成年人法庭District Court 地方法庭Local Court 地方法院Federal Magistrates Court 联邦初级法院Small Claims Tribunal 小额索赔法庭Supreme Court 最高法院Family Court 家庭法院Refugee Review Tribunal 难民上诉仲裁庭Civil Court 民事法庭Migration Review Tribunal 移民上诉仲裁庭High Court 高级法院Criminal Court 刑事法院Subpoena 法院传票Summon 召唤，召开Summons 传票Surety 担保，保证Trial 审判Unlawful arrest 非法逮捕Writ 书面命令，传票Record a plea of 认罪Default judgement 缺席判决Insolvency 破产Remorseful 悔恨的Contrition 悔罪Inhumane 残忍的Senior Counsel, SC (NSW, ACT, QLD) 资深大律师Informant 告密者、线人Solicitor 法务官Guarantor 担保人Apprehended Violence Order (AVO) 禁止令Restraining order 禁令Dissent 不同意Strict liability 严格赔偿责任Absolute liability 绝对赔偿责任Rebuttal 反驳Extradition order 引渡秩序Fees 费用Felony 重罪Fine 罚款Forensic 法庭的、用于法庭的Forfeit 放弃、失去Grounds 证据，理由Guilty 有罪Homicide 杀人、他杀Illicit 非法Illegal 非法Injunction 命令Witness box 证人席Weekend detention 周末扣留Legal aid 法律援助Legal proceedings 法律程序Legal Aid Commission 法律援助委员会Defamation 诽谤Libel 诽谤，中伤Slander 诽谤Litigation 诉讼，打官司Magistrate 裁判官Minor offence 轻罪Misdemeanour 轻罪Null and void 无效、失效Nullify 取消Oath 誓言Affirmation 确认，（上诉院）维持原判Offence 罪行，犯法First offender 初犯Repeated offender [=old offender]屡犯Order 秩序Panel 小组Pass sentence 宣判Plaintiff 原告Plea 答辩Plead 答辩Postmortem 验尸Previous conviction 案底、前科Probate 遗嘱认证Proceedings 诉讼程序Prosecution 控方、控告Prosecutor 检察官、检控官Record a conviction 记录（一项）犯罪Represent 代表Respondent <律>(尤指离婚案的)被告Separation 分居Settle out of court (不经法庭)在法庭外(私下)和解Trespass <律>侵入;侵害,侵犯;侵占Discretion 自由裁量Estoppel 禁止翻供Precedent 先例Prima facie 表面上证据确凿的；初步的Remedy （通过法律程序的）解决方法，救济Tort 〈律〉民事侵权行为Rule of law 法规,法治Sunset clause 〈美〉自动消减条款，夕阳条款Statute of limitation 法定时效;时效法Actus reus；Mens rea 【法】被告的行为, 犯罪行为, 犯罪意图Bilateral treaty 双边条约Capacity 【法律】(法律上享有的)权力，权限Cause of action 〈法〉原告的起诉缘由Cohabit (未婚者)同居Contributory negligence 互有过失，原告的疏忽Duty of care 注意义务Empanel 记入名簿上,选任(陪审员)Extra legal 法权以外的；不受法律支配的, 未经法律制定的.Hung jury 不能做出一致决断的陪审团Litigant 诉讼当事人Mandatory sentence 强制性判决Mitigating 减轻；减缓Negligent 过失的；Nuisance 非法妨害；滋扰行为Overrule 否决, 驳回, 批驳Pro bono 无偿法律援助Chief Justice 审判长,首席法官,法院院长Associate Justice 【法】最高法院的陪审法官, 助理法官Medical/ psychiatric examination 体格检查/精神病检查Misuse of drugs 药物滥用；药物误用；滥用毒品Misdirect the jury 给陪审团下达错误指令Obstructing a police officer 妨碍警方执行公务Assault occasioning bodily harm 袭击伤人罪；伤害他人身体Obtaining goods or credit by false pretences 通过诈骗取得财物Pre-sentence report 判决前的报告Good character 品格良好Character witness 在法庭中对涉讼之一方人格名誉作证的见证人,品德信誉见证人Principal offender 主犯, 正犯Privilege 特权Privileged 保密的, 秘密的；享有特权的Prostitution 卖淫Solicitation 教唆Settlement 〈律〉金钱或财产的转让(契约); 转让的金钱或财产；解决, 和解, 协议Spouse 配偶Sue 控告，起诉Legal practice 法律实践Leading question 对答案有诱导性的提问Consummation 完成,完婚,圆房Motive 动机Act or omission 作为或不作为Overturn 撤销（判决等）Affirm (不经宣誓而)提供正式证词Dismissed 不受理的案子Passing off 假冒Amendment （法律、文件的）改动，修正案，修改，修订Patent 专利,专利权To pervert/obstruct the course of justice 妨碍司法公正Pornography 黄色读物,黄色印刷品,色情出版物,色情画Premium 保费,保险费,报酬, 溢价Provoke/provocation 挑拨,挑衅Stipulation 契约;规定;条文Sum up 向陪审团概述案情Tenants in common 未分股的共同产权；共同租赁人；分权共有人Joint tenant 共同合有者Undertake 担任, 承揽, 从事, 负责; 保证Natural justice 自然正义；自然公正；自然裁断Preside over 主持会议；管理; 对(某事物)负有责任Administer an oath 做宣誓Advocate 辩护律师, 辩护人；(辩护)律师，专门律师，出庭律师(作为头衔用于保留古罗马法律实质的国家和地区，如苏格兰；亦用于英国海事法庭等)Australian Federal Police 澳洲联邦警察Ballistics 弹道学Trajectory （射体在空中的）轨道，弹道，轨迹，流轨Clerk of Court 法院书记官Criminal Assets 犯罪资产Ombudsman 反贪调查员Draw/draft up a document 草拟、起草文件Junior lawyer 初级律师Legal practitioner 开业律师；法律执业人士Brief 案情摘要Deposition (在法庭上的)宣誓作证;证词,证言Unanimous verdict 一致裁定Waive a fee 免除费用Abate a nuisance 排除骚扰Indecent/Aggravated sexual assault 强迫猥亵，非礼Breach of duty 失职,玩忽职守Burglary 入户行窃;入户盗窃罪Capital punishment 死刑Provisions of the Act 法律规定Unprovoked assault 无缘无故的打人, 无正当理由的攻击Punitive damages 惩罚性的损失赔偿Immunity 受保护；豁免；免除Diplomatic immunity 外交豁免权Tainted witness 污点证人Redress/remedy 重加权衡；恢复平衡；恢复公平合理的情况Pardon 赦免；特赦Malicious wounding 伤害罪Chamber 法官的议事室或内庭Concurrent sentence 合并服刑Consecutive sentence 连续判决Dependant 受赡养者,受扶养的家属Disclaimer 免责声明False imprisonment 非法监禁Frivolous 无意义的Infringe/infringement 侵犯，侵害(某人的自由、权益等)Ward of court/ a ward of the court 法庭监护Extenuating circumstances 可使罪行减轻的情况Reasonable person 合理人；理性人Legal person/body corporate 法人/法人团体Due care/due diligence 谨慎处理,克尽职责,适当的注意,适当注意,相当注意Exhaust all avenues of appeal 用尽所有上述手段Lapse 丧失, 失效(商务协议、官员、法律权利等, 尤指因未予运用、死亡或放弃) Interim order 暂时法令Fiduciary duty 受信责任；诚信义务Deed 契据；契约Franchise （公司授予的）特许经销权Royalties 特许使用权费Amendment （法律、文件的）改动，修正案，修改，修订Incriminate 使(某人)显得有罪, 牵连, 归罪于Foreman/foreperson 领班, 工头, 陪审长Quorum 法定人数Age of consent 承诺年龄Respondent (尤指离婚案的)被告Property settlement 财产协议书Deponent 立誓词者,宣誓作证者Separation under the same roof 在同一住所的分居Service (of documents) 送达文书Affiliation proceedings 对私生子女之父的鉴定程序Bigamy 重婚；重婚罪Perform 施行，执行；实行；完成Default (经法院传唤而)不到庭，未出庭，不到案；(因不到庭而)败诉Challenge (对陪审员的出庭等提出的)反对Circumstantial evidence 旁证,间接证据Community service order 社会服务令Conceal evidence 隐藏证据Confession （对使自己羞愧或尴尬的事的）表白，承认;自首, 供认Confiscation of profits of crime 没收犯罪收益Proceeds (买卖等的)收入,收益Coronial inquiry 死因调查Corroboration 进一步的证实;进一步的证据；确证Issue a warrant 发出令状Warrant 令状；执照；许可证;Lessen one’s guilt 施加压力Life imprisonment 无期徒刑Lock-up 拘留所Mandatory penalty 强制惩罚Maximum sentence 最高刑罚Voir dire 一切照实陈述(见证人或陪审员在接受审核时的誓语)Arson 纵火(罪)Accessory 从犯,同谋Breach of the public peace 破坏治安Breaking and entering 强行入侵他人住宅(或公共场合)Causing （grievous）bodily harm 造成（严重）身体伤害Common assault 普通侵犯人身Assault with a weapon 持械行凶Consorting with known offenders 与已知犯人结交Driving under the influence of alcohol or drug 在酒精和药物影响下驾驶Driving an unregistered vehicle 驾驶未注册车辆Driving without Third Party Insurance 驾驶无第三方保险的车辆Ratio decidendi 法律原则Obiter dictum 法官于判决中附带表示的意见,附带讲的话Driving without a licence 无证驾驶Embezzlement 盗用,挪用Exceeding the speed limit 超速Failing to comply with a reasonable direction 不遵守指挥Failing to stop after an accident 肇事后逃逸False pretence/fraud 欺诈Fighting in a public place 在公共场所打架Recklessness 鲁莽,轻率,不顾一切Nolle prosequi 原告撤回起诉Murder 谋杀; 谋杀案Felony murder 重罪杀人犯Voluntary manslaughter 故意杀人Manslaughter 过失杀人(罪);误杀Involuntary manslaughter 过失杀人罪Loitering with intent to commit a felony 有犯罪意图的游荡Larceny 盗窃罪；偷盗；盗窃Rape 强奸罪；强奸案Abduction诱拐罪，拐带罪；劫持罪Attorney General 首席检察官(Attorney General美国司法部长或称总检察长) Quash 撤销，废止；使…无效Accessory after the fact 事后从犯Accessory before the fact 事前从犯Civil jurisdiction civil jurisdictionCommitted to stand trial 交付审判Assault and battery 殴打,人身攻击Adversarial system 当事人主义；抗辩制度Conditions （先决）条件；前提Collusion (with sb) 共谋,勾结,串通Default (经法院传唤而)不到庭，未出庭，不到案；(因不到庭而)败诉Call-over点名Counterfeit 仿制品, 伪造物Debtor 债务人;借方Creditor 债权人;债主Donor 捐赠者,赠与者, 捐赠机构Donee 受赠者Disbar 取消律师出庭的资格Garnish 传唤,传讯,扣发债务人的工资,扣押债务人的财产; Garnish v.下达扣押令Habeas corpus 人身保护权Incitement 激励;刺激;煽动Inter vivos 当事人活着时有效(的)Liquidator 财产清算人,破产清算人,清算人Miscarriage of justice 审判不公,误判Eviction notice 逐出通知Legacy 遗产, 遗赠物Chattel 动产Personal/Movable property/movables 个人财产/动产Real estate/Immovable property/immovable 不动产Personal and real estate 不动产和动产Movable property tax 动产税Immovable insurance 不动产保险Real estate mortgage 不动产抵押Bequeath 将…遗赠给Devise 遗嘱赠与(财产)Conversion （a civil wrong）侵占;财产转换(民事过错行为)Affray (尤指在公共场所的)吵架,打架Paternity suit 生父确认诉讼程序Public defender 公设辩护律师Robbery 抢劫案, 抢劫, 盗取,盗窃,掠夺Robbery with violence 暴力抢劫Armed robbery 持械抢劫Shoplifting 商店行窃Soliciting for immoral purpose 为不道德目的唆使他人Straddling lanes 跨线Unlawful possession 非法拥有，非法占有Verdict (陪审团的)裁决, 裁定Forgery 伪造Indecent assault 强暴猥亵罪Interrogatory 疑问,质问,质询Material (adj.) 对案件有决定性影响的Child Support Agency 子女抚养代理机构Child support （子女）抚养费Does not come into the equation 不平等Property settlement 财产协议书Residence of child 孩子的居住地Contact of the child 与孩子的接触Be blinding on both parties 对双方均有约束力parenting planning 抚养计划Child order 儿童福利法规Contact order 接触令Contravention 违法行为Non-compliant parent 不合规父母。