Mechanical computers: The abacus [c,3000 BCE]
Mechanical computers
From The abacus C.4000 BCE To Charles Babbage And his Difference Engine[1812]
Napier’s Bones and Logarithms [1617]
The original IBM Personal Computer (PC)
The Altair 8800, the first PC
Nowadays …
“What hath God wrought!”
[first telegraph message sent by Samuel Morse,1844] Electronic and computing technology quickly progressed-at an everaccelerating paceFrom vacuum tubes [Lee de Forrest, the audion , 1907] To transistors [ William Shockley et al,1947] To semiconductors [Jack Kilby & Robert Noyce,1958] To microprocessors [M.E.”Ted”Hoff,1971] To networking and the Internet [Vinton Cerf & Robert Kahn,1982] To the World Wide Web [Tim Berners-Lee,1991] And beyond…
A Brief History of Computers
Prepared by
MaoOu Ran ZengHui Xiang
20082095 20082098
School of software engineering
Pre-Mechanical Computing:
From Counting on fingers to pebbles To hash marks on walls To hash marks on bone To hash marks in sand
Hale Waihona Puke Electronic Digital computers
From John Vincent Atanasoff’s 1939 Atanasoff-Berry Computer (ABC) To The present day
Alan Turing [1912-1954]
The Turing machine Aka The universal machine 1936
The ENIAC:
Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer
ENIAC’s Wiring!!!
Programming the ENIAC
Programming in today
A reel-to-reel tape drive
The IBM 7094, a typical mainframe computer
Whatever next?...
The end…
Thanks for your attention !
An original set of Napier's Bones [photo courtesy IBM]
A more modern set of Napier's Bones
Oughered’s[1621] and Schickard’s [1623] slide rule
A slide rule
Electro-mechanical computers
From Herman Hollerith’s 1890 Census Counting Machine To Howard Aiken And the Harvard Mark I [1944]
Herman Hollerith and his Census Tabulating Machine [1884]
John Vincent Atanasoff
[1903-1995]
Physics Prof AT Iowa State University, Ames, IA
Clifford Berry
[1918-1963]
PhD student of Dr.Atanasoff’s
The Atanasoff Berry Computer [ABC]
The Teletype was the standard mechanism used to interact with a time-sharing computer
Three views of paper tape
An IBM Key Punch machine which operates like a typewriter except it produces punched cards rather than a printed sheet of paper
Two types of computer punch cards
The Harvard Mark I [1944] Aka IBM’s Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator [ASCC]
The first computer BUG
Rear Admiral Dr.Grace Murray Hopper
1939
The ABC was the first electronic digital computer, invented by John Vincent Atanasoff
Bletchley Park’s Colossus
1943
The ENIAC 1946
John Presper Echert (1919-1995) And John Mauchly (1907-1980) Of the University of Pennsylvania Moore School of engineering
Charles Babbage[1791-1871] the father of computers
Charles Babbage’s Difference Engine
A small section of the type of mechanism employed in Babbage's Difference Engine [photo © 2002 IEEE]
Blaise Pascal’S Pascaline[1645]
Pascal's Pascaline [photo © 2002 IEEE]
Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibnitz’s Stepped Reckoner[1674]
Leibniz's Stepped Reckoner (have you ever heard "calculating" referred to as "reckoning"?)
Joseph-Marie Jacquard and his punched card controlled looms[1804]
Jacquard's Loom Loom showing the threads and the punched cards Jacquard's showing the threads and the punched cards
Preparing the cards with the pattern for the cloth to be woven
A close-up of a Jacquard card
By selecting particular cards for Jacquard's loom you defined the woven pattern