考法2| 句法错误错误1——连接词、从句引导词有误1．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Around me in the picture are the things they were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments.they→that/which[things是先行词，后面是定语从句，they不能引导定语从句，故用that/which引导。
]2．(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)After looking at the toy for some time, he turned around and found where his parents were missing.where→that或去掉where[found后为宾语从句，引导词不作句子成分只起连接作用，应用that引导，而且that可省略。
]3．(2017·桂林市校际联考)Although we must have a fast step, but I don't think we should have fast food.去掉but[although或though和but不能同时放在同一个句子里。
] 4．(2017·西安市第八十三中学模拟)I was about to leave while the owner of the shop waved at me.while→when[考查句式be about to do sth. when ...意为“正要做某事，这时……”。
]5．(2017·赤峰市模拟)It's true what honesty is more important than money!what→that[it作形式主语，后面的句子为真正的主语，引导词在从句中无任何意义而且不作任何成分，故应用that。
]6．(2017·临汾一中联考)It's not easy for us to accept the fact which we are going to leave our beloved school.which→that[the fact后为同位语从句，引导词在从句中无任何意义而且不作任何成分，应用that。
]7．(2017·青岛市模拟)And I'll never forget the days when we spent together.when→that/which或去掉when[the days后面为定语从句，引导词在从句中作spent的宾语，应用that/which引导，也可省略引导词。
] 8．(2017·潍坊实验中学模拟)At 16, I left home to do parttime jobs, where made me understand “East or west, home is the best”better.where→which[第二个逗号后面为非限制性定语从句，引导词作主语且代替前面的整个句子，故用which引导。
]9．(2017·福州八中质检)No matter how you do, you must do it well even if you may fail many times.how→what[此处应用no matter what引导让步状语从句，其中what作do 的宾语。
]10．(2017·湖北省七市联考)So instead of giving us answers immediately, she encourages us to think carefully every time when she puts forward questions.去掉when[every time引导时间状语从句，when属于多余的词。
]感悟与反思：1. 并列连词在句法上的错误主要有两种情况：①受汉语影响而引起的连词的多余，例如汉语中可以说“尽管……，但是……”，“因为……，所以……”，但是英语中although/though不能与but连用，because不能与so 连用。
②常考句式：be doing/be about to do ...when ...中when的应用；“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”中and/or的应用。
2. 从句引导词在句法上的错误主要有四种情况：①状语从句的引导词错误。
②状语从句引导词的重复。
③定语从句关系代词与关系副词的错用。
④名词性从句中连接词、连接代词与连接副词的错用，尤其是连接词that与连接代词what的错用。
错误2——谓语动词有误1．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)I had grown not only physically, but also mentally in the past few years.had→have[通过时间状语in the past few years可判定应用现在完成时。
] 2．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables and high quality oil are using for cooking.using→used[fresh vegetables and high quality oil与use之间为被动关系，应用被动语态。
]3．(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)Tony was scared and begun to cry.begun→began[这里是对过去发生的事情的客观叙述，应用一般过去时，故begun应改为began。
]4．(2017·青岛市模拟)Last week, I take part in the Cultural Exchange Week.take→took[通过last week可判定应用一般过去时。
]5．(2017·长沙市联考)To collect opinions from the public, an online survey has made these days.has后加been[an online survey与make之间是被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态。
]6．(2017·山西大学附中模拟)Next week, I was going to a reception at the City Hall.was→am[根据next week可判定用一般将来时，故was改为am。
] 7．(2017·揭阳市模拟)It was the first time that I have played on the stage.have→had[在It/This be the first/second ...time that ... 句式中，若be为is，则that从句中的谓语动词用现在完成时；若be为was，则that从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时。
]8．(2017·太原五中模拟)After I elected chairman of the students' union of our school,I decided to start a school English newspaper for us students.elected前加was[I与elect为被动关系，应用被动语态。
] 9．(2017·西安市模拟)In short, learning to regard the challenges of life as a steppingstone to future success and make the best of them.learning→learn[此处应为祈使句，故learning改为learn。
]【导学号：52384025】10．(2017·南昌二中模拟)He is continually being told not to do this, not to do that, or being punished for what he had done wrong.had→has[主句谓语动词的时态为现在进行时，what引导宾语从句，其动作发生在主句表示的动作之前，应用现在完成时。
]感悟与反思：谓语动词错误主要有三种情况：①动词的形式错误：过去式与过去分词错用。
②时态、语态的错用：应根据时间状语或逻辑关系判定时态和语态。
③误把动词用作非谓语动词。
错误3——非谓语动词有误1．(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes.wear→wearing[by doing sth.通过做某事。
by为介词，后跟动词-ing形式。
] 2．(2017·云南师大附中模拟)It was very cold outside but they didn't enter the shop, just stood at the shop window.stood→standing或逗号后加and[逗号后应为现在分词短语作伴随状语，也可在逗号后加and让didn't enter与stood并列。
]3．(2017·廊坊市质检)Others may argue that uniforms are likely to prevent students from think freely.think→thinking[介词from后应用动词-ing形式作宾语。
] 4．(2017·巢湖市模拟)Every day he spends more than one hour examine my homework.examine→examining[spend time (in) doing sth.花时间做某事，为固定短语。
] 5．(2017·蚌埠二中模拟)I am writing to keep you informing of something about the severe situation that they are faced with presently.informing→informed[keep后跟复合宾语，you与inform之间为被动关系，应用过去分词作宾补。