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必修三 Book3 Unit2 healthy eating 语法grammar
答案:D 考查情态动词。句意:——祝你生日快乐!——谢 谢!这是我能想到的最好的礼物。 could have done 能够做某 事;should have done本该做但未做;must have done过去肯定做 了;may have done或许做了。
3.(2010·陕西,23)—May I take this book out of the reading
didn去没必要干某事而实际上也 没有干。
①She needn't have come yesterday. 她昨天本不必来。(实际上来了) ②She didn't need to come yesterday. 她昨天不必来。(实际上也没来)
二、难点突破 情态动词+have done的用法
意思是“也许已经做了某事,可能已经做了某事”,多用在肯 定句中,用might时表示语气更加不肯定。 She might have taken it home. 她可能把它带回家了。 5 . needn't have done 表示“本不必做某事而实际上做 了”。 He needn't have gone there yesterday. 他昨天其实不必去那儿的。(却去了)
(2) 作为实义动词,同其他实义动词一样,可用于各种句
式,有时态、人称、数的变化,构成否定句和疑问句时要借助 于助动词do。 ①We need to help him. 我们得帮助他。
②We don't need to tell him the truth.
我们不必告诉他真相。
名师点拨 当need作“需要”讲时,其后跟不定式的被动形式相当于 跟 v.-ing 的主动形式 ,在这一点上,与 want 和 require 作“需 要”讲时一样。 v.-ing 的主动形式表被动含义, need 的动作执
一、基础点拨
1.ought to的用法 (1)ought to“应该”。与should相比较ought to语气重,偏重
“责任,义务,道德,法律”等方面。如:
To keep fit, we ought to learn more about our body. 为了保持健康,我们应该多了解我们的身体。 (2)ought to还可表示可能性。如: It ought to be a close game.
B.would express
C.could have expressed D.must have expressed 答案:C 表示过去本可以做到某事,应用could have done 结构。
9.—What sort of house do you want to have?Something big? —Well, it________be big—that's not important.
行者是动词-ing形式的承受者,因此必须是及物动词的 -ing形
式,若为不及物动词其后应跟介词。 The house needs/wants/requires repairing/to be repaired. 这所房子需要修葺。
易混辨析
needn't have done 表示过去本来没必要干某事而实际 上却干了。
你不该责备他。
(4)在附加疑问句中,ought(n't) to中的to要省去。在美语中 常用shouldn't代替oughtn't。 We ought to go now, oughtn't/shouldn't we? 我们现在该走了,是吧?
2.have to的用法 have to“不得不”。有时态、人称和数的变化,其否定形式 和疑问形式需要借助助动词do。如:
His mother is ill. He has to stay at home to look after her.
他妈妈病了,他得待在家里照顾他。 易混辨析 have to must 侧重客观需要;有时态、人称和数的变化 说话人的主观看法
①I have to go now, for my mother is ill.
他们没有必要担心核辐射。 ②You mustn't come here without permission. 未经允许,你不能来这儿。
3.need的用法 (1)need作情态动词时,后跟动词原形,表示“需要,有必 要”,无人称和数的变化,多用于否定句、疑问句或条件句 中。如:
①You needn't go there now. 你现在不必去那儿。
现在我不得不走了,因为我妈妈生病了。
②I must stop smoking. 我一定要戒烟。
名师点拨 have to的否定式为don't have to,表示“没有义务或没有必 要做某事”,意为“不必”,常可以回答must提问的一般疑问 句。而must的否定式mustn't表示“禁止”。
①They don't have to worry about the nuclear radiation.
示某种行为不该发生却发生了。
①They ought to have been more careful. 他们本该更小心些。(却没有) ②You ought not to have told him the bad news. 你本不该告诉他这个坏消息。(却告诉了他)
4.may/might have done表示对过去发生的事情的推测,
那很可能是场势均力敌的比赛。
名师点拨 用 ought to表示推断时,语气较肯定,通常指的是一种合 乎逻辑的可能性 ( 与 should 表推断时相似 ) ,有时可译为“准 是”(但语气比must要弱)。 (3)ought to的否定形式为ought not to或oughtn't to,其一般 疑问句形式是将ought置于主语前。 You oughtn't/ought not to scold him.
2.(2012·江苏,35)—Happy birthday!
—Thank you! It's the best present I ________ for. A.should have wished B.must have wished C.may have wished
D.could have wished
Unit 2
Healthy eating
Unit 2
第二课时 Learning about Language
情态动词(Ⅱ)
观察句子,写明情态动词的用法。 ①By now his restaurant ought to be full of people. 应该 ;此处指____________ 按理应当如何 ,具有一定 (ought to意义:____ 的针对性)
②Need I go there now? 我现在需要去那儿吗? 名师点拨
由need引导的一般疑问句的肯定回答常用must或have to,
否定回答常用needn't或don't have to。 —Need I hand in my paper now? 我现在需要交上论文吗? —Yes, you must./No, you needn't (don't have to). 是的,你必须。/不,你不需要。
答案:B
考查情态动词。句意:既然Suzie不和我们一起
吃饭,那么我们本不必买那么多食物。needn't have done本不必 做……;may not have done 或许没有做……;can't have done不 可能做……;must have done过去肯定做了……。
7.(2010·山东,25)I________have watched that movie—it'll give me horrible dreams. A.shouldn't C.couldn't B.needn't D.mustn't
答案:A
考查情态动词。句意:我不该看那部电影的,
那 会 让 我 做 噩 梦 。 shouldn't“ 不 应 该 ” ; needn't“ 不 必 ” ; couldn't“不可能”;mustn't不与have done连用。
8 . He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he ________ it differently. A.could express
答案:D
句意:杰克把父亲描述成一个意志坚强的人,
父亲多年前一定是个勇敢的男孩。表示对过去情况的推测,要 用must have done结构,故选D。
5.(2010·辽宁,26)Doctors say that exercise is important for health, but it______be regular exercise. A.can C.must B.will D.may
room? —No,you________.You read it in here. A.mightn't C.needn't B.won't D.mustn't
答案:D
合句意 。
句意“我可以把书带出阅览室吗?”“不,不
可以,你应在这里读”。由句意知,mustn't “禁止,不许”符
4.(2010·安徽,32)Jack described his father, who______a brave boy many years ago, as a strong-willed man. A.would be C.must be B.would have been D.must have been