我们常将字母分类英语的26个字母分两种类型：一种叫元音字母，另一种叫辅音字母。元音字母有：a，e，i，o，u五个，其余为辅音字母。
即：
元音字母Aa [ei]、Ee [i：]、Ii [ai]、Oo [au]、Uu [(j)u：]
辅音字母Hh、Jj、Kk、Bb、Cc、Dd、Gg、Pp、Tt、Vv、Yy、Qq、Ww、[e] Ff、Ll Mm、Nn、Ss、Xx、Zz、[a：] Rr
辅音字母
位置
读音
例词
例外
b
在m后或在t之前
不发音
tomb climb doubt
其他情况
／b／
bed bob big
c
在e, i, y前
／s／
centre city decide bicycle concert rice percent
在ia,ie,io前
／ʃ／
social especial ancient
give[i]
live[i]
pyramid[i]
重读闭音节
[i]
quiz sick dish sing dig film miss winter picture difficlt
y在重读音节中
[ai]
cycle sky shy why
y在非重读音节中
[i]
city copy empty every healthy
key[i:]
非重读音节
[i]
monkey donkey
eigh
[ei]
weight eight eighty
o
oa
[əu]
loaf road soap coat boat
broad[כ:]abroad[כ:]
oi
[כi]
voice noise point choice
oy
[כi]
toy boy joy joyful
though[əu]
plough[au]
cough[כf]
through[u:]
thorough[ə]
enough[۸f]
ow
[au]
down brown flower
knowledge[כ]
[əu]
bowl sow window row owner low show throw grow
辅音字母发音规则
e
重读开音节
[i:]
be these she evil
重读闭音节
[e]
net press gently accept level
非重读音节
[ə]
silence problem open children
[i]
effect select develop before
I(y)
重读开音节
[ai]
ripe alive wine arrive beside polite life smile surprise
ir
重读
[ə:]
thirsty dirty first girl
i
ie
[i:]
piece thief field chief
diet[aiə]
quiet[aiə]
[ai]
lie tie die
ire
[aiə]
wire inspire hire tire
igh
[ai]
right fight night high bright light
不发音
sign foreign
h
一般情况
／h／
hold heat hide hate huge
在个别词中
不发音
honest hourhonorforehead
k
一般情况
／k／
walk key kite
在n前
不发音
know
s
词首
／s／
send save
在元音字母和元音字母之间
／z／
visit desire music
在a,o,u,l前在音节末
／k／
cave comfort color class cause capital cast
g
在其他字母前
／g／
gift girl goal glad glass
garage／ʒ／
get／g／
在e,i,y前
／dʒ／
large general orange page
在以n结尾的词中
在字母k,x,g前
／ŋ／
anxiousthink thank finger bank
strange／n／
x
在其他字母前
／ks／
exceptexhibitionextract text
在元音字母前
／gz／
exam example exist exactly
辅音字母组合发音规则
辅音字母组合
位置
读音
例词
例外
元音字母组合
位置
读音
例词
例外
ar
重读
[a:]
mark carve article party market March farm hard
在W后
[כ:]
warm warn reward war
非重读
[ə]
grammar
er
重读
[ə:]
service certain serve
非重读
[ə]
worker farmer teacher
在字母s后
／tʃən／
suggestion question
sion
／ʒən／
decision conclusion
单词附加词尾的读音规则
词尾
位置
读音
例词
(e)s
清辅音后
／s／
desks makes lamps looks
浊辅音或元音后
／z／
pigs radios plays
／t／后
／ts／
students parents
[eə]
wear bear swear pear
ei
[i]
receive seize ceiling
ew
[ju:]
few new news
sew[əu]
在[l]，[r]后
[u:]
blew flew threw drew
ere
[eə]
there where
here[iə]
ey
重读音节
[ei]
grey hey obey
ch
／tʃ／
channel choose check chalk change
sandwich
／dʒ／
／k／
chemistry Christmas headache school
／ʃ／
machine moustache
tch
／tʃ／
match patch snatch
th
／θ／
think thank thing worth
特殊
[ei]
great greatly break
re
ee
[i:]
sleep freely weed steel degree
ear
[iə]
appear clear near hear dear ear
heart[a:]
[ə:]
heard learn earn early search
[əu]
hold fold told most almost both
非重读音节
[ə]
official position society freedom
在下列单词中读
[u:]
move prove lose whose tomb shoe do remove
u
重读开音节
[ju:]
use duty computer reduce rescue tube Tuesday
true[u:]
busy[i]
bury[e]
minute[i]
重读闭音节
[۸]
cup lunch bus hub
[u]
put pull push full bullet
非重读音节
[ə]
until supply unless industry
在开音节中，在辅音字母l,r,j后
[u:]
blue rule ruler June July rude
woman[u]
women[i]
重读闭音节
[כ]
copy boss cloth fond long knock across common bomb
n,m,v,th前
[۸]
ton done come some love cover mother another other
在以ld,st,th结尾的一些词中
aw
[כ:]
draw dawn saw
air
[eə]
fair affair hair upstairs
are
[eə]
dare glare share compare careful
are[a:]
augh
[כ:]
taught caught daughter naughty
laugh[a:f]
ay
重读音节
or
重读
[כ:]
form important corner horse
在W后
[ə:]
work word world worth
非重读
[ə]