1．beat (n)敲击，跳动(vt)打，输beaten track 常规；惯例；被踩出来的路[辨析1] beat和win的用法：①beat表示“在战斗中战胜对手，宾语是人，不是物”。
beat后接运动员、球队或对手等。
例如：I can beat you at chess .②beat意为“胜于，击败”。
例：He is going to beat the world record .③win战胜，因赢，它的宾语是物，如比赛，战争。
win后接“a game, a war, a watch,a prize”等。
例：The boy won the first prize in contest .I can always beat him at chess.Which team win the football match? We beat them by score 2 to 1. [辨析2] beat; hit; strike的用法：这三个词都有"打；击；敲"的意思，但仔细分辩，还是有其各自的用法。
①beat 表示"连续不断地打击"；尤其指心脏的跳动。
● beat sb in the chest● beat…to death● to beat a drum敲鼓②hit表示"撞击"（尤指一次性的）或命中（目标）。
而strike除了与hit同义外，还可以理解为划（火柴）；给人深刻印象等。
如：The man looked dead but his heart was still beating.这个人看上去已经死了，可心脏还在跳动。
He hit the ball so hard that it went over the wall.他使劲地击球，结果球越过了墙。
I have some _________ to do this afternoon.A. shopB. shopsC. shoppingD. a shopHe ____ his opponent in the game at last.A. beatB. beatedC. beatenD. was beating2．fame (n)名声；名气；声誉famous (adj)出名的；著名的be famous/ known for因/以……而著名（for后接出名的原因）be famous/ known as作为……而出名/著名(接职务、身份或地位等名词)be famous/ known to对……来说出名※比较：be famous as ; be famous for ;be famous to和be famous at 的用法：【一】以“地方”做主语：①be famous for 表示“以某种特产而‘闻名’著名，出名”，famous 相当于well-known②be famous as 表示“以什么样的产地或地方而出名”。
eg:Hangzhou is famous _________ producing silk in China .A. fromB. atC. inD. for● The area is famous as a green tea producing place.这个地区是生产绿茶的地区。
【二】以“人物”做主语：①be famous for 表示“某人以某种知识，技能或特征出名” ● Einstein was famous for his Theory of Relativity . 爱因斯坦以他的相对论而闻名。
※be famous as表示“某人以某种身份出名”。
如：Einstein was famous as a great scientist .【注意】：be famous for 后的介词宾语是主语的所属内容. be famous as 后的介词宾语与主语是同位成分。
③be famous to sb 对某人来说是著名的…④be famous at （= be good at（擅长））= do well in 在…方面做得好/表现出色。
（反义词）be no good at (do badly in)“ 在……方面做得很差”。
E.g: Egypt is famous for its grand pyramids. She is famous as a writer.Tom did badly in the foot ball match. Qingdao is famous for its beautiful scenery. Lu xun is famous/ known as a writer.As is known to us all, the Great Wall is one of the seven wonders in the world.Lu Xun was famous _________ his works _________ a writer.A. for; forB. for; asC. as; forD. as; as3．use (vt&n)使用useless (adj)无用的；无效的；无益的（反义词）useful (adj) ⑴used to do sth.表示过去经常或持续的行为，现在已不再发生，该句型即可用助动词did构成否定句和疑问句，也可以把used当作助动词的用法来交换。
如：I used to climbed trees and swim and play football.我过去常常爬山，游泳，踢足球. ⑵used to 和would都用来谈过去的习惯，但used to 可以指动作或情况，而would只表示重复的动作且不强调今昔对比. ※比较“ used to be及used to do sth ”和“ be used to do sth及be used to doing sth”的用法: ①用于肯定句used to be (指状况)表示“过去常常和习惯做某事，也指过去反复发生的动作。
即“used to be sth”。
其否定形式：used not/ usedn’t to be/do sth/也可用助动词did构成否定句和疑问句，疑问句形式：used sb to do /be……?②be used to do sth表示“被用于做……”含有被动语态的意义。
③become/ get/ be used to doing sth习惯于做某事。
用来表示“现在，过去及将来习惯于做某事。
”下列句型中只可用动名词和It作主语，不可用不定式短语作主语：①It is no use +动名词(v-ing)，表示“……没用”。
[= It’s useless + 不定式（to do sth ）. = It is of no use to do sth . = Ther is no use in ……(There is 之后要接表扬的介词短语)]。
例：It is no use crying over spilt milk .[=It’s useless to crying over spilt milk.] Reasoning with such a stubborn man is no use.[= It is no use reasoning withsuch a stubborn.]●be used for / as / by 的用法：①be used for表示“某物被用来做…”，for是介词，表示用途，后接名词、代词或－ing形式。
例：An orange is used for medicine . A pen is used for writing .②be used as 表示“被用作……”，as作介词，表示作为。
其后一般接名词，强调使用的工具及手段。
例：English is used as the second language in many countries .③be used by表示“被……使用”，by是介词，后接动作的执行者（宾语）。
例：English is used by travelers and business people all over the world .Tractors are used by the farmers .④use…for… 表示“用…来…for后接名词/动名词⑤use…to…表示“用…做……to后接动词原形⑥be useful for 表示“对……有用”⑦be useful to do sth表示“做……有用”[练习] 用be used as, be used to do, be used to doing , used to do填空。
①Camels _______ usually______ ________ carry goods in the desert.②I believe that you will soon _______ _______ _________ the life there.③We ________ __________ go swimming in the small river in summer.④He _______ ______ get up late in the morning. Now he has got used to getting upearly.⑤His umbrella ______ _______ _______ a weapon when he met a robber.⑥I __________ __________ my present life now.⑦Bamboo __________ ___________ ___________ make some things.⑧She ________ _________ __________ taking a walk after supper.⑨I ______ to be quite afraid to live in that country, but now I have _____ to the lifethere.A. used; been usedB. used; usedC. was used; got usedD. get used;been used4. good (adj)好的(op) bad坏的● goodness善良※辨析：be good for；be good to; be good at 的用法：⑴be good for…接指物的名词。