nasa 激光测量森林树高
Measurement Approach
Synthetic Aperture Radar Multibeam Lidar Lidar/radar and Fusion Ecosystem Modeling
Current Status
Mission Definition Activities Science Studies
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Kathleen Bergen, University of Michigan Richard Houghton, Woods Hole Research Center Josef Kellndorfer, Woods Hole Research Center Jon Ranson, NASA GSFC Sassan Saatchi, NASA JPL Hank Shugart, University of Virginia
Study Group works with NASA’s Vegetation
Structure Working Group
NASA Terrestrial Ecology Program, Diane Wickland Develop Science Definition and Requirements Perform Science Research Activities
Oil Reservoirs
Subsidence, pipe breakage
DESDynI
Key Challenges
Additional Science Benefits
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Science Objectives
CHARACTERIZE THE EFFECTS OF CHANGING CLIMATE AND LAND USE ON TERRESTRIAL CARBON CYCLE, ATMOSPHERIC CO2, AND SPECIES HABITATS
Vegetation 3D Structure & Biomass: for Biodiversity and Habitat
Vegetation Type
Upland conifer Lowland conifer Northern hardwoods Aspen/lowland deciduous Grassland Agriculture Wetlands Open water Urban/barren
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DESDynI Science Study Group
3 Disciplines and Science Co-Chairs
Solid Earth: Brad Hager, MIT Cryosphere: Ian Joachin, University of Washington Ecosystems – Ralph Dubayah, University of Maryland
Characterize global distribution of aboveground vegetation biomass
Characterize habitat structure for biodiversity assessments
DESDynI
Global Biomass and Carbon
Accurate estimate of forest biomass critical
Role of forests in global carbon cycle and relation to atmospheric CO2 requires knowledge of stocks, disturbance and recovery Potential pool when burned or cleared Important habitat characteristic
DESDynI
Global Carbon Budget
DESDynI
DESDynI Driving Science Questions: Biodiversity
What is the present distribution and condition of Earth habitat and biodiversity?
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Vegetation 3D Structure and Biomass Key
Landscape Structure: the spatial heterogeneity of an area composed of interacting habitat patches Vertical Structure & Biomass: the bottom to top configuration or complexity and amount of above-ground vegetation
Total breeding bird density (Miller et al.)
Goetz et al. 2006
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DESDynI: Biodiversity Science Rationale
Relationships with Height Vertical
Profile:
Lidar and L-band Interferometric SAR
Recommended by National Research Council Decadal Survey to measure changes in land, ice and vegetation structure
Yes No
DESDynI Variables:
DESDynI
Canopy cover Biomass (age-heightdensity) Height Canopy vertical profile Patch size and shape
Example (right): Pine Warbler habitat in the Great Lakes Region is tall, dense (high biomass) pine, but not short sparse pine; also require large patch sizes
High: 30 kg/m2
Biomass
2
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DESDynI: Habitat Rationale - Example
Pine Warbler Habitat:
Closed canopy forest Uneven or broken canopies Trees older than 30 years Overstory taller than 30 ft Well-developed underlayer (understory) Large patch sizes (nonfragmented Upland pine species
Response to climate trends Interaction between ocean and atmosphere
CO2 Sequestration
Subsurface migration
Landslides
Detect preslip
Habitat Structure Sea Ice
Global Vegetation Structure Dynamics from NASA’s DESDynI Mission
Ralph Dubayah University of Maryland
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DESDynI
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DESDynI
Deformation, Ecosystem Structure, and Dynamics of Ice
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Science Objective 1: Biomass
Characterize global distribution of aboveground vegetation biomass
Desired Final Data Products
Global biomass at 250 m with accuracy of 10 MgC/ha (or 20%, not to exceed 50 Mg/ha) at 5 years. Resolution increased to 100 m for low biomass areas (<100 Mg/ha) Forest canopy height and profiles, spatial and vertical structure, biomass from SAR
Anticipated Launch around 2015 Pre-Phase A Planning Stages
DESDynI
Outline
DESDynI Background
Mission Overview
Science and Measurement Objectives Science Rationale
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DESDynI Scientific Focus Areas
DESDynI addresses a broad-based range of the science questions Deformation Earthquakes
Probability, aftershocks, stress transfer