初中八种时态详解Company Document number:WTUT-WT88Y-W8BBGB-BWYTT-19998初中八种时态精讲(一)一般现在时的语法讲解:1). 当谓语动词是be动词时,根据主语的人称和数,分别用am,is,are.肯定句:主+be动词+其它. . I am in Nanyang.否定句:主+be动词+not+其它. . He is not a teacher.一般疑问句:-Be动词+主语+其它 . -Is he a teacher-Yes, 主+be. / No, 主+be not. -Yes, he is. /No, he isn't.特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+be动词+主语+其它. Where is he from What is your name2).当谓语动词是实义动词时,分以下两种情况:A. 当主语不是单三时(I, you, they, we, A and B, 复数):肯定句:主语+实义动词原形+其它. . You like English.否定句:主语+don't+实义动词原形+其它. . You don't like English.一般疑问句:-Do +主语+动原形+其它 . -Do you like English-Yes, 主语+do. /No,主语+don't. -Yes, I do./No, I don't.特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+do+主语+动原形+其它. Where do you live What do they want to doB.当主语是单三时(he, she, it,某一个人,单数):肯定句:主语+实义动词单三形式+其它. . He likes English.否定句:主语+doesn't+动词原形+其它. . He doesn't like English.一般疑问句:-Does +主语+动原+其它-Yes, 主语+does. /No,主语+doesn't.. -Does he like English -Yes, he does./No, he doesn't.特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+does+主语+动原形+其它. Where does he live What does she want to do(3)常见的时间状语 always, usually, often, sometimes,never,seldom( 频度副词)every week (day, year, month…), once a week, twice, on Sundays( 二)一般过去式1、概念:表示过去发生的动作、事件、情况,而现在已结束,也可以表示过去时间里经常性或习惯性的动作,或主语过去的性格和能力。
2、常见的时间状语①yesterday ,yesterday morning/afternoon/evening②just now刚才in the past过去the day before yesterday前天③ago短语:a moment ago, an hour ago, three weeks ago, two months ago, 等④in+时间点:in 2000,in 1995,in 1880⑤last短语:last week上周/last year去年/last month上个月/last night昨天晚上一、记牢下面的表格:(三)现在进行式1、概念:表示说话时或现阶段正在进行的动作或存在的状态。
2、谓语动词的结构:be(is, am, are)+ doing (动词的现在分词)(be动词要与主语的人称和数保持一致)3、常见的时间状语: now, at the moment, at this time, 还有常见的标志词 look, listen如: Look! She is singing! Listen! She is listening to the music.4、现在进行时的句式①肯定句:主语+be动词+现在分词+其他 My sister is watching TV now.②否定句:主语+be动词+not+现在分词+其他My sister isn’t watching TV now.③一般疑问句:Be +主语+doing+其他 Yes,主语+be/No,主语+be+notAre you watching TV now Yes, I am. / No, I’m not.Is she reading books Yes, she is. / No, she isn’t.④特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+be+主语+Ving+其他常用现在进行时的肯定陈述句回答。
What are you doing now What is he/she doing nowWhat is KangKang doing now What are they doing nowWhat are Wangli and Limei doing now4、特殊的现在分词有(双写最后一个字母)plan, get, shop, run, begin, put, swim, stop , sit(口诀:他计划在商店里买了东西后放入游泳池中开始跑,然后停下来坐下。
) 5动词go , come ,leave, fly等可以使用现在进行时,表示按计划将要进行的动作:I’m coming. 我将来了。
Are you going to Nanyang tomorrow明天你将去南阳吗( 四)语法精讲:过去进行时1概念:表示过去某个时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作,常和表示过去的时间状语连用。
2时间状语:(1)at 8 o’clock yesterday evening at 12 o’clock(2)from…..to….+yesterday短语(等过去式时间状语)He was watching Tv from 7 to 9 last night.(3)at that time 在那时 at this time yesterday , all day全天(4)yesterday morning/afternoon/evening. The day before yesterday. Lastyear/month/week/night这类时间状语既可以用于一般过去式,也可以用于过去进行时,要根据上下文情景判定谓语动词的时态, He was reading a novels last night(昨晚他一直在读)He read a novel last night,(昨晚他看了一本小说)用过去进行时强调动作进行的全过程,用一般过去式单纯说明动作完成的事实3谓语动词的结构:was/were+(现在分词)4过去进行时句子结构(1)肯定句:主语+was/were ++其他。
(2)否定句:主语+was/were+not+其他。
(3)一般疑问句:Was/were+主语++ 其他Yes,主语+was/were No,主语+wasn’t/weren’t(4)特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句语序What were they playing from 7 to 8 last night5过去进行时常用与when,while 引导的时间壮语从句中We were playing when our teacher came in.(五)语法重点一般将来时1、定义:表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态,或将来某一段时间内经常的动作或状态,常与将来的时间状语连用。
2、表示将来的时间状语(1) tomorrow,tomorrow morning/afternoon/evening( tomorrow短语)(2) next time,next work/weekend,next year/month/Sunday(next短语)(3)in短语:in two minutes,in an hour 在一小时后,in two days两天后(4)soon不久,later,in the future将来(5)tonight今晚,this afternoon/evening……(还未发生的时间)3、结构形式:(1) be going to+动词原型,表示计划、打算将来发生的动作Eg:We are going to do some cleaning tomorrow.He is going to go swimming next week.肯定句:主语+be going to+动原型+其他……一般疑问句:将be动词提前:Be+主语+going to+动原型+其他Yes,主语+be/no.主语+be+not否定句:主语+be+not+going to +动原型+其他……Eg:Is Lucy going to go shopping this SundayYes,she is./No,she isn’t.Lucy isn’t going to go shopping this Sunday(2)will+动词原形,表说话人对将来的看法,假设和推测肯定句:主语+will+动原形+其它。
Eg:He will go swimming next week.否定句:主语+won’t+动原形+其它。
Eg:He won’t go swimming next week.疑问句:Will+主语+动原形+其它。
Eg:Will he go swimming next week.(3) Shall+动原形(主语只能是第一人称I,we)肯定句:I/We+shall+动原形+其它。
否定句:I/We+shall not +动原形+其它。
一般疑问句:Shall I/we go shopping tomorrow(六)现在完成时:1概念:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。
时间状语: since…,for…,in/during the past few/two years, ever, yet, already, recently, over the years(几年来,这么多年来),主(现完)+since +从(一过),just(注意和just now 的区别),so far, till now2基本结构: have/has + done 否定形式: have/has + not +done.3一般疑问句: have 或 has+主语+ done .Helen ________ in Nanjing for twenty years。