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高考一轮复习之现在完成时


巧学巧练: (6) My father _h_a_s___ just __c_o_m__e____ (come) back from work. 我爸爸刚下班回家。 所以他现在在家 (7)_I _h_a_v_e__a_l_re_a__d_y_s__e_e_n__th_e__f_il_m__. ___ 我已经看过那部电影了。
现在完成进行时
1. They have been living here for 10 years. 他们住在这里十年了。
2. We've been discussing the matter several times this year. 我们今年已数次讨论这件事。
现在完成进行时表示一个动作开始于过去 ,一直持续到现在,并有可能延续下去。 现在完成进行时是现在完成时和现在进行 时的组合。因此,它具备完成体和进行体 的一些特征,例如:它具备进行体的未完 成性、暂时性、感情色彩等特点。 其结构为__h_a_v_e_/_h_a_s__b_e_e_n__d_o_i.ng
现在完成时的常用句型:
句型总结1: It is/has been +时间段+since... 表示“自从...以来已经... ”。
巧学巧练: (1)_It__is_/_h__a_s_b__e_e_n__1_0_y__e_a_r_s_s_i_n_c_e__h_e___ ___g_r_a_d__u_a_t_e_d_f.rom the university. 他大学毕业已十年了。 (2)We _h_a_v_e__k_n_o__w_n___ (know) each other since we _w__e_r_e_ (be) at school.
句型总结3: This/It is+形容词最高级+名词+that... 结构,that从句要用现在完成时。
巧学巧练:
(4)_T_h_i_s_i_s_t_h_e_b_e_s_t_f_il_m__th__at__I'_v_e_(_e_v_e_r) seen.
这是我看过的最好的电影。
一般过去时和现在完成时的区别
【注意避免思维定势】:一看到for+时 间段,就用动词的现在完成时态。一定要 看语境强调是“该动作曾经做过多长时间了 ”(一般过去时),还是“该动作已经做完多 长时间”(现在完成时)。
(4)Yang Zhenning _l_i_v_e_d__ (live) in America
for many years and now he lives in China. 杨振宁在美国定居多年,现在他生活在中国 。
注意: 1. 规则动词的过去分词的构成方法同过
去式的构成方法。详见一般过去时 部分 2. 不规则动词的过去式和过去分词的构 成详见必修1 P113
现在完成时表示一个动作开始于过去,一 直持续到现在(也许还将持续下去),只能用 于某些带有延续意义的动词。表示从过去 延续到现在并包括现在在内的一段时间的 状语有:in/over the past/last few
概念:现在完成时表示动作发生
在__过___去____, 强调过去的动作对
现在的影响
现在完成时的构成 肯定句:_主__语__+_h_a_v_e__/h_a_s__+_d__o_n_e__+_.._._ 被动结构:主__语__+_h_a__v_e_/h__a_s_b__e_e_n__d_o_n_e +... 否定句:_主__语__+_h__a_v_e_/h__a_s_n__o_t_+_d__o_ne +... 一般疑问句:_H_a_v__e_/H__a_s_+_主__语___+_d_o_n_e_ +... 特殊疑问句:疑_问__词__+_h__a_v_e_/_h_a_s_+_主__语__+_done+..
用;一般过去时表示的是过去某一特定时 间,或和现在无关的某一过去时间。
巧学巧练:比较下面几组句子,体会两 种时态的不Байду номын сангаас:
(3)He __s_e_r_v_e_d__ (serve) in the army from 1952 to 1这95是4.过去的一件事 (4)He _h_a_s__s_e_r_v_e_d__ (serve) in the army
(5)Dashan _h_a_s__l_iv_e_d___ (live) in China for
many years. 大山在中国住了许多年 。(现在仍在中国)
2, 现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的 某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果,常用 的时间状语:already, just(刚刚), yet, before,never,ever 等。
Bryan I didn’t like him, bhuat vI e changed _______________ (change) my mind.
8.(2011·湖南,30) It is the most instructive
lecture that I _h__a_v_e_a__tt_e_n_d_e__d_ (attend) since I _c_a__m_e___ (come) to this school. 9. (2009·陕西,9) This is the first time we _h__a_v_e__s_e_e_n__ (see) a film in the cinema
for 5 years. 现在他仍在军中服役,他仍是个军人
(5)He _w__r_o_t_e_____ (write) many
plays when he was at college. 他上写大剧学本的是时他候过,去写的了事许多剧本。
(6)He _h_a_s__w_r_i_tt_e_n___ (write) many plays. 他这写意了味许着多他部现剧在本是。剧作家
appropriately according to the context.
观察下列各句,注意划线部分,理解现在完成时的概念,并 总结其构成形式。
1, My family have lived in XinYang for twenty years. 2, Tom hasn’t made much progress in the learning of Chinese. 3, Have you ever been to West Lake? 4, The important problem has been discussed for nearly two weeks.
强调说话者“抱怨”的感情色彩
区分:
已读完,知道书的内容
He has read the book.
他读过那本书了
He。has been reading the book.
他一直在读那本书 未读完,还要继续读 。
1.(2016·北京,25) I_h_a__v_e_r_e_a_d___(read) half of the English novel, and I’ll try to finish it at the weekend. 2. (2015·北京,26) In the last few years, China __h_a_s__m_a_d__e___(make)great achievements in environmental protection.
I know the film now.
3, 现在完成时用在时间状语从句、条件状语 从句或让步状语从句中表达将来某时以前已 经完成的动作。
巧学巧练:
(8) Please return the book to me when you __h_a__v_e_f_i_n_is_h__e_d__ (finish) it. 当你读完这本书请归还给我。 (9) If it _h_a_s__s_t_o_p_p__e_d___ (stop) snowing in the afternoon, we’ll go to the park.
1. He __h_a_s__b_e_e_n_l_e_a_rn_i_n_g__ (learn) English
for 6 years. 从过去某一时间开始学英语 他学英语已经,6强年调了到。现在还在学
2. It __h_a_s_b_e_e_n__ra_i_n_in_g___ (rain) for 3 days. 已经下了三天雨了。
句型总结2:
This / It / That is the first/second/third...
time that sb has / have done sth. 表示“这/那是某人第...次做某事”,that可以 省略。
巧学巧练:
(3)It is the first time that I __h_a_v_e_v_i_s_it_e_d___ (visit) the city.
together as a family.
10. (2008·山东,25) By the time he realizes he __h_a_s__w_a_l_k_e_d__ (walk) into a trap, it’ll be too
3. (2015·重庆,13) In my hometown, there is
always a harvest supper for the farmers after all the wheat __h_a_s__b_e_e_n__c_u_t__ (cut). 4. (2015·天津,9) Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement _h_a_s__b_e_e__n_r_e_a_c_h__e_d__
years/ days, lately, recently, since then, so far,up to /till now, for ... 等 。
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