消化系统疾病常用英文词汇表一、症状急性腹痛acute abdominal pain慢性腹痛chronic abdominal pain吞咽困难dysphagia吞咽痛odynophagia噫球感（咽部异物感）globus sensation呃逆hiccups食管源性胸痛chest pain of esophageal origin烧心heartburn反流regurgitation消化不良dyspepsia功能性消化不良functional dyspepsia恶心nausea呕吐vomiting腹泻diarrhea渗透性腹泻osmotic diarrhea分泌性腹泻secretory diarrhea炎性腹泻inflammatory diarrhea功能性腹泻functional diarrhea水样泻watery diarrhea脂肪泻steatorrhea便秘constipation消化道出血gastrointestinal bleeding上消化道出血upper gastrointestinal bleeding下消化道出血lower gastrointestinal bleeding不明原因消化道出血obscure gastrointestinal bleeding 隐匿性消化道出血occult gastrointestinal bleeding呕血hematemesis呕咖啡样物coffee-ground emesis黑便melena便血hematochezia便潜血阳性positive fecal occult blood test缺铁性贫血iron deficiency anemia黄疸jaundice间胆升高（高非结合胆红素血症）unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia直胆升高（高结合胆红素血症）conjugated hyperbilirubinemia胆汁淤积cholestasis肝内胆汁淤积intrahepatic cholestasis肝外胆汁淤积extrahepatic cholestasis肝功能异常abnormal liver chemistries腹水ascites肝占位liver mass消瘦weight loss二、食管疾病贲门失弛缓achalasia远端食管痉挛distal esophageal spasm（DES）胃食管反流病gastroesophageal reflux disease（GERD）食管裂孔疝hiatal hernia反流性食管炎/糜烂性食管炎reflux esophagitis/erosive esophagitis非糜烂性胃食管反流病nonerosive reflux disease（NERD）Barrett食管Barrett’s esophagus消化性食管狭窄peptic esophageal stricture药物所致的食管损伤medication-induced esophageal injury/pill-induced esophagitis 嗜酸细胞性食管炎eosinophilic esophagitis贲门黏膜撕裂Mallory-Weiss syndrome自发性食管破裂Boerhaave’s syndrome自发性食管血肿spontaneous esophageal hematoma真菌性食管炎fungal esophagitis念珠菌性食管炎candidal esophagitis病毒性食管炎viral esophagitis食管鳞癌esophageal squamous cell carcinoma食管腺癌esophageal adenocarcinoma食管乳头状瘤esophageal papilloma食管平滑肌瘤esophageal leiomyoma食管脂肪瘤esophageal lipoma食管静脉曲张esophageal varices三、胃和十二指肠疾病胃轻瘫gastroparesis幽门螺杆菌感染helicobacter pylori infection胃炎gastritis慢性浅表性胃炎chronic superficial gastritis慢性非萎缩性胃炎chronic non-atrophic gastritis慢性萎缩性胃炎chronic atrophic gastritis自身免疫性萎缩性胃炎autoimmune metaplastic atrophic gastritis 肠化生intestinal metaplasia异型增生dysplasia嗜酸细胞性胃肠炎eosinophilic gastroenteritis急性糜烂性胃炎acute erosive gastritisMénétrier 病Ménétrier’s disease门脉高压性胃病portal hypertensive gastropathy胃底静脉曲张gastric varices胃石gastric bezoar消化性溃疡病peptic ulcer disease胃溃疡gastric ulcer十二指肠溃疡duodenal ulcer难治性溃疡refractory ulcer溃疡出血ulcer bleedingForrest分级Forrest ClassificationI级活动出血active bleedingIa 喷射样出血spurting hemorrhageIb 渗血oozing hemorrhageII级有近期出血征象stigmata of recent hemorrhageIIa 血管显露visible vesselIIb 血栓附着adherent clotIIc 平坦的色素沉着flat pigmentationIII级干净的溃疡底部clean-base ulcersDieulafoy病变Dieulafoy’s lesion穿孔perforation胃出口梗阻（幽门梗阻）gastric outlet obstruction应激性溃疡stress ulcers卓-艾综合征Zollinger-Ellison syndrome胃息肉gastric polyps胃底腺息肉fundic gland polyps增生性息肉Hyperplastic polyps腺瘤adenoma炎性纤维性息肉Inflammatory fibroid polyps胃腺癌gastric adenocarcinoma早期胃癌early gastric cancer进展期胃癌advanced gastric cancer鲍曼分型Borrmann classification上皮下肿瘤subepithelial tumor黏膜下肿瘤submucosal tumor黏膜下病变submucosal lesions胃肠道间质瘤gastrointestinal stromal tumors神经内分泌肿瘤neuroendocrine tumors类癌carcinoid tumors淋巴瘤lymphoma平滑肌瘤leiomyoma脂肪瘤lipoma异位胰腺pancreatic rest（aberrant pancreas）胃扭转gastric volvulus四、小肠和大肠美克尔憩室Meckel’s diverticulum慢性小肠假性梗阻chronic small intestinal pseudoobstruction 小肠细菌过度生长small intestinal bacterial overgrowth短肠综合征short bowel syndrome乳糜泻celiac disease吸收不良malabsorptionWhipple病Whipple’s disease蛋白丢失性胃肠病protein-losing gastroenteropathy抗生素相关腹泻antibiotic-associated diarrhea伪膜性肠炎pseudomembranous enterocolitis难辨梭菌感染Clostridium difficile infection炎症性肠病inflammatory bowel disease克罗恩病Crohn’s disease蒙特利尔分类Montreal classification发病年龄age of onset (A)A1 ≤16；A2 17-40；A3 ＞40位置localization（L）末端回肠terminal ileum（L1）结肠colon（L2）回结肠ileocolon （L3）上消化道upper gastrointestinal (L4)临床行为behavior（B）非狭窄非穿透型nonstricturing nonpenetrating（B1）狭窄型structuring穿透型penetrating病情严重程度disease severity缓解期remission（S0）轻度mild中度moderate重度severe溃疡性结肠炎ulcerative colitis病变分布distribution of disease直肠炎型proctitis左半结肠炎型left-sided colitis广泛结肠炎型extensive colitis急性肠系膜缺血acute mesenteric ischemia肠系膜上动脉栓塞superior mesenteric artery embolus急性肠系膜上动脉血栓形成acute thrombosis of superior mesenteric artery非闭塞性肠系膜缺血nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia肠系膜静脉血栓形成mesenteric venous thrombosis局灶节段性小肠缺血focal segmental ischemia of the small intestine 缺血性结肠炎ischemic colitis结肠缺血colon ischemia白塞氏病Behçet’s disease过敏性紫癜Henoch-Schönlein purpura阑尾炎appendicitis结肠憩室colonic diverticulum结肠憩室病diverticular disease of the colon憩室炎diverticulitis憩室出血diverticular hemorrhage肠易激综合征irritable bowel syndrome肠梗阻intestinal obstruction小肠梗阻small bowel obstruction结肠梗阻colonic obstruction麻痹性肠梗阻ileus假性肠梗阻pseudo-obstruction巨结肠megacolon结肠息肉colonic polyp管状腺瘤tubular adenoma绒毛状腺瘤villous adenoma绒毛管状腺瘤tubulovillous adenoma原位癌carcinoma in situ黏膜内癌intramucosal carcinoma侧向发育型肿瘤lateral（laterally）spreading tumor（LST）锯齿状息肉serrated polyp增生（化生）性息肉hyperplastic polyp幼年性息肉juvenile polypP-J息肉Peutz-Jeghers polyp炎性息肉Inflammatory polyp家族性腺瘤息肉病familial adenomatous polyposis（FAP）错构瘤性息肉病hamartomatous polyposisP-J综合征Peutz-Jeghers syndrome幼年性息肉病Juvenile polyposisCronkhite-Canada 综合征Cronkhite-Canada syndrome结直肠癌colorectal cancer早期结肠癌early colonic caner进展期结肠癌advanced colonic cancer痔hemorrhoids内痔internal hemorrhoids外痔external hemorrhoids肛裂anal fissure肛周脓肿perianal abscess肛瘘fistula-in-ano/ anorectal fistula结肠血管扩张angioectasia of the colon遗传学毛细血管扩张症hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (Osler-Weber-Rendu disease)五、胰腺急性胰腺炎acute pancreatitis胆源性胰腺炎gallstone pancreatitis酒精性胰腺炎Alcohol-induced pancreatitis轻症mild中重症moderately severe重症severe间质水肿性胰腺炎interstitial oedematous pancreatitis坏死性胰腺炎necrotising pancreatitis急性胰周液体积聚acute peripancreatic fluid collection（APFC）胰腺假性囊肿pancreatic pseudocyst急性坏死性积聚acute necrotic collection（ANC）包裹性坏死walled-off necrosis（WON）感染性坏死infected necrosis复发性胰腺炎recurrent pancreatitis慢性胰腺炎chronic pancreatitis自身免疫性胰腺炎autoimmune pancreatitisIgG4相关性疾病IgG4-related disease胰管扩张pancreatic duct dilation胰腺囊性病变cystic lesions of the pancreas导管内乳头状粘液瘤intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm（IPMN）浆液性囊腺瘤serous cystic neoplasm粘液性囊腺瘤mucinous cystic neoplasm实性假乳头状瘤solid pseudopapillary tumor胰腺分裂pancreas divisum胰腺癌pancreatic cancer壶腹癌carcinoma of ampulla of vater六、胆道Oddi括约肌功能障碍sphincter of Oddi dysfunction（SOD）胆石症gallstone disease胆绞痛biliary pain急性胆囊炎acute cholecystitis慢性胆囊炎chronic cholecystitis胆总管结石choledocholithiasis胆管炎cholangitis化脓性胆管炎suppurative cholangitisMirizzi综合征Mirizzi’s syndrome胆管恶性梗阻malignant biliary stricture胆管癌cholangiocarcinoma胆囊癌gallbladder carcinoma不明原因的胆管狭窄indeterminate biliary stricture胆管良性狭窄benign biliary strictures硬化性胆管炎sclerosing cholangitis原发性硬化性胆管炎primary sclerosing cholangitis七、肝脏肝硬化cirrhosis门脉高压portal hypertension血色病hemochromatosis肝豆状核变性Wilson disease病毒性肝炎viral hepatitis甲型肝炎hepatitis A乙型肝炎hepatitis B丙型肝炎hepatitis C丁型肝炎hepatitis D戊型肝炎hepatitis E药物学肝损害drug-induced liver injury肝脓肿liver abscess布加综合征Budd-Chiari syndrome门静脉血栓portal vein thrombosis肝小静脉闭塞症hepatic veno-occlusive disease缺血性肝炎ischemic hepatitis酒精性肝病alcoholic liver disease酒精性肝炎alcoholic hepatitis酒精性肝硬化alcoholic cirrhosis非酒精性脂肪性肝病nonalcoholic fatty liver disease 自身免疫性肝炎autoimmune hepatitis原发性胆汁性肝硬化primary bililary cirrhosis自发性细菌性腹膜炎spontaneous bacterial peritonitis 肝性脑病hepatic encephalopathy肝肾综合征hepatorenal syndrome肝肺综合征hepatopulmonary syndrome急性肝衰竭acute liver failure肝细胞癌hepatocellular carcinoma肝内胆管癌intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma肝囊肿hepatic cysts海绵状血管瘤cavernous hemangioma八、解剖及内镜术语胃窦antrum胃体body贲门cardia胃底fundus十二指肠duodenum肛门anus直肠rectum乙状结肠sigmoid colon降结肠descending colon横结肠transverse colon肝曲hepatic flexure升结肠ascending colon盲肠cecum空肠jejunum回肠ileum末端回肠terminal ileum内镜下静脉曲张套扎术endoscopic variceal ligation内镜下静脉曲张硬化治疗endoscopic sclerotherapy组织胶治疗cyanoacrylate injection therapy注射治疗injection therapy内镜下黏膜切除术endoscopic mucosal resection（EMR）内镜黏膜下剥离术endoscopic submucosal dissection（ESD）息肉切除术polypectomy内镜下扩张和支架置入术endoscopic dilation and stenting（stent placement）经皮内镜下胃造瘘术percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy（PEG）经口内镜下肌切开术peroral endoscopic myotomy（POEM）超声内镜endoscopic ultrasound（EUS）内镜下逆行胰胆管造影endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography（ERCP）胶囊内镜capsule endoscopy双气囊小肠镜double-balloon endoscopeV1.0王晔2017.2.1。