2019年托福考试模拟训练试题及答案1In July of 1994, an astounding series of events took place. The world anxiously watched as, every few hours, a hurtling chunk of comet plunged into the atmosphere of Jupiter. All of the twenty-odd fragments, collectively called comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 after its discoverers, were once part of the same object, now dismembered and strung out along the same orbit. This cometary train, glistening like a string of pearls, had been first glimpsed only a few months before its fateful impact with Jupiter, and rather quickly scientistshad predicted that the fragments were on a collision course with the giant planet. The impact caused an explosion clearly visible from Earth, a bright flaming fire that quicklyexpanded as each icy mass incinerated itself. When each fragment slammed at 60 kilometers per second into the dense atmosphere, its immense kinetic energy was transformed into heat, producing a superheated fireball that was ejected back through the tunnel the fragment had made a few seconds earlier. The residues from these explosions left huge black marks on the face of Jupiter, some of which have stretchedout to form dark ribbons.Although this impact event was of considerable scientific import, it especially piqued public curiosity and interest. Photographs of each collision made the evening television newscast and were posted on the Internet. This was possibly the most open scientific endeavor in history. The face of the largest planet in the solar system was changed before ourvery eyes. And for the very first time, most of humanity cameto fully appreciate the fact that we ourselves live on asimilar target, a world subject to catastrophe by random assaults from celestial bodies. That realization was asurprise to many, but it should not have been. One of thegreat truths revealed by the last few decades of planetary exploration is that collisions between bodies of all sizesare relatively commonplace, at least in geologic terms, andwere even more frequent in the early solar system.1. The passage mentions which of the following with respect to the fragments of comet Shoemaker-Levy 9?(A) They were once combine in a larger body.(B) Some of them burned up before entering the atmosphere of Jupiter.(C) Some of them are still orbiting Jupiter.(D) They have an unusual orbit.2. The word "collectively" in line 3 is closest inmeaning to(A) respectively(B) popularly(C) also(D) together3. The author compares the fragments of comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 to all of the following EXCEPT(A) a dismembered body(B) a train(C) a pearl necklace(D) a giant planet4. Before comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 hit Jupiter in July 1994, scientists(A) had been unaware of its existence(B) had been tracking it for only a few months(C) had observed its breakup into twenty-odd fragments(D) had decided it would not collide with the planet5. Before the comet fragments entered the atmosphere of Jupiter, they were most likely(A) invisible(B) black(C) frozen(D) exploding6. Superheated fireballs were produced as soon as the fragments of comet Shoemaker- Levy 9(A) hit the surface of Jupiter(B) were pulled into Jupiter's orbit(C) were ejected back through the tunnel(D) entered the atmosphere of Jupiter7. The phrase "incinerated把。

烧成灰 itself" in line 9 is closest in meaning to(A) burned up(B) broke into smaller pieces(C) increased its speed(D) grew in size8. Which of the following is mentioned as evidence of the explosions that is still visible on Jupiter?(A) fireballs(B) ice masses(C) black marks(D) tunnels9. Paragraph 2 discusses the impact of the comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 primarily in terms of(A) its importance as an event of great scientific significance(B) its effect on public awareness of the possibility of damage to Earth(C) the changes it made to the surface of Jupiter(D) the effect it had on television broadcasting10. The "target" in line 20 most probably referred to(A) Earth(B) Jupiter(C) the solar system(D) a cometADDBC DACBA词汇补充：cacia 金合花accordion 手风琴acquamarine 海蓝宝石acre 英亩acronym首字母缩拼词acute 敏锐的adobe 土墙adorn 装饰adrenaline 肾上腺素affiliate 使隶属于affinity 密切关系afloat 漂浮着aide 副官airborne 在空中alchemist 炼丹家aldosterone 醛固酮alga 水藻allegory 寓言all-star 由明星演员组成的allusive 含暗示的;含典故的aloof 远离的;孤零的aluminum 铝alumni 男校友amateur 外行的。