材料科学Material Science材料科学定义Material Science Definition强度Strength抗腐蚀及耐用Corrosion & resistance durability金属特性Special metallic features抗敏感及环境保护Allergic, re-cycling & environmental protection化学元素Chemical element元素的原子序数Atom of Elements原子及固体物质Atom and solid material原子的组织图Atom Constitutes周期表Periodic Table原子键结合Atom Bonding金属与合金Metal and Alloy铁及非铁金属Ferrous & Non Ferrous Metal晶体结构，晶格及单位晶胞Crystal structure, Space lattice & Unit cell 金属晶格Metal space lattice晶格常数Lattice constant米勒指数Mill's Index金相及相律Metal Phase and Phase Rule固熔体Solid solution置换型固熔体Substitutional type solid solution间隙固熔体Interstitial solid solution金属间化物Intermetallic compound相变Transformation相变点Transformation Point磁性相变Magnetic Transformation同素相变Allotropic Transformation热平衡状态Thermal Equilibrium自由度Degree of freedom临界温度Critical temperature共晶Eu tectic包晶温度Peritectic 亚共晶体Hypoeutectic Alloy 过共晶体Hypereutectic Alloy塑性变形Plastic Deformation滑动面Slip Plan畸变Distortion晶体结构:晶胞中的原子数atoms per cell,点阵lattice, 阵点lattice point,密排六方hexagonal close-packed,六方晶胞hexagonal unit cell,体心立方body-centered cubic, 面心立方face-centered cubic,晶系crystal system,相变机理Phase transformation mechanism:成核生长相变nucleation–growth transition,有序无序转变disordered-order transition,马氏体相变martensite phase transformation，成核势垒nucleation barrier,晶核，结晶中心nucleus of crystal,基体，基块，基质，结合剂matrix,子晶，雏晶matted crystal, 耔晶，晶种seed crystal,耔晶取向seed orientation, 籽晶生长seeded growth,均匀形核homogeneous nucleation, 异质形核hetero geneous nucleation 自恰场self-consistent field缺陷defect, imperfection, 点缺陷point defect,线缺陷line defect, 位错dislocation,位错排列dislocation arrangement,位错滑移dislocation slip, dislocation movement by slip,位错聚结dislocation coalescence,体积膨胀volume dilation,体积收缩volume shrinkage,回火tempering, 退火annealing,淬火quenching,淬火硬化quenching hardening,正火normalizing, normalization, 人工时效artificial aging,回复Crystal Recovery 再结晶Recrystallization形变热处理ausforming, 等温退火austempering,奥氏体austenite, 奥氏体化austenitizing,贝氏体bainite, 马氏体淬火marquench, 马氏体退火martemper, 马氏体时效钢maraging steel, 渗碳体cementite, 铁素体ferrite 扩散系数diffusivity, 烧结sintering,相图与相结构phase diagrams and phase structures ,吉布斯相律Gibbs phase rule,吉布斯熵Gibbs entropy, 吉布斯函数Gibbs function,相界phase boundary, 相界交联phase boundary crosslinking,共格相phase-coherent, 相衬phase contrast,相变滞后phase transition lag,显微结构microstructures,不混溶固溶体immiscible solid solution,金属材料的性能及试验Properties & testing of metal化学性能Chemical Properties 物理性能Physical Properties 磁性Magnetism比电阻Specific resistivity & specific resistance比重Specific gravity & specific density电导率和电阻率conductivity and resistivity,应力和应变stress and strain,弹性应变elastic strain,塑性应变plastic strain,最大抗拉强度ultimate tensile strength,延展性ductility,伸长率elongation,断面收缩率reduction of area,颈缩necking,断裂强度breaking strength,韧性toughness,硬度hardness,疲劳强度fatigue strength,热脆性heat shortness,比热Specific Heat热膨胀系数Coefficient of thermal expansion热导率Heat conductivity屈服强度Yield strength 屈服点yield point弹性限度、elastic limit,杨氏弹性系数Young's module of elasticity金属材料的试验方法The Method of Metal inspection 无损检验Non – destructive inspections渗透探伤法Penetrate inspection磁粉探伤法Magnetic particle inspection放射线探伤法Radiographic inspection超声波探伤法Ultrasonic inspection显微观察法Microscopic inspection损伤检验Destructive Inspection冲击测试Impact Test疲劳测试Fatigue Test蠕变测试Creep Test蠕变强度Creeps Strength涡流检测eddy current test应力松弛试验stress relaxation test声发射检测acoustic emission inspection第一蠕变期Primary Creep 第二蠕变期Secondary Creep钢铁的主要成份The major element of steel钢铁用"碳"之含量来分类Classification of Steel according to Carbon contents 铁相Steel Phases钢铁的名称Name of steel铁素体Ferrite渗碳体Cementite奥氏体Austenite珠光体及共析钢Pearlite &Eutectoid奥氏体碳钢Austenite Carbon Steel单相金属Single Phase Metal共析相变Eutectoid Transformation连续铸造法Continuous casting process电炉Electric furnace均热炉Soaking pit镇静钢Killed steel半镇静钢Semi-killed steel沸腾钢Rimmed steel钢铁生产流程Steel Production Flow Chart钢材的熔铸、锻造、挤压及延轧The Casting, Fogging, Extrusion, Rolling & Steel冲剪Drawing & stamping特殊钢以元素分类Classification of Special Steel according to Element特殊钢以用途来分类Classification of Special Steel according to End Usage易车(快削)不锈钢Free Cutting Stainless Steel含铅易车钢Leaded Free Cutting Steel含硫易车钢Sulphuric Free Cutting Steel淬透性Hardenability钢的脆性Brittleness of Steel低温脆性Cold brittleness回火脆性Temper brittleness材料的加工性能Drawing ability表面处理Surface finish冷轧(低碳)钢片的分类用、途、工业标准、品质、加热状态及硬度表End usages, industrial standard, quality, condition and hardness of cold rolled steel strip厚度及宽度公差Tolerance on Thickness & Width弯度Camber防止生锈Rust Protection生锈速度表Speed of rusting焊接Welding 气焊Gas Welding 点焊Spot welding 滚焊Seam welding埋弧焊Submerged-arc Welding 电阻焊Resistance Welding电镀锌钢片或电解钢片Electro-galvanized Steel Sheet/Electrolytic Zinc Coated Steel Sheet上漆能力Paint Adhesion电镀锌钢片的焊接Welding of Electro-galvanized steel sheet电镀锌(电解)钢片Electro-galvanized Steel Sheet分析测试方法X射线衍射:X-ray Diffraction (XRD)光学金相检验optical metallographic examination 光谱分析spectral analysis 吸收光谱仪absorption spectrometer 光谱学spectroscopy拉曼光谱(Raman spectrum) 红外光谱(Infrared spectrum)电子探针分析electron probe microanalysis电子显微镜分析electron microscopy扫描电子显微镜scanning electron microscopy(SEM)透射电子显微镜Transmission electron microscopy (TEM)原子力显微镜atom force microscopy(AFM)扫描隧道显微镜scanning tunneling microscopy (STM)能谱分析energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS)波谱分析wave dispersive spectroscopy(WDS)热分析thermal analysis (TA)差热分析(differential thermal analysis) (DTA)差示扫描量热法(differential scanning calorimetry) （DSC）热重分析thermogravimetry (TG) 热膨胀法thermal dilatometry (TD)X-ray光电子能谱photoelectron spectrum (XPS)紫外光电子能谱ultraviolet photoelectron spectrum (UPS)俄歇电子能谱auger electron spectrum (AES)核磁共振nucleus magnetism resonance (NMR)磁性材料性能:磁学magnetics 磁magnetism 磁化magnetization磁铁magnet 磁的magnetic软磁Soft Magnetic 硬磁Hard Magnetic磁场Magnetic Field 磁性感应Magnetic Induction透磁度Magnetic Permeability磁化率Magnetic Susceptibility (Xm)磁力(Magnetic Force)及磁场(Magnetic Field)抗磁体Diamagnetism,顺磁体Paramagnetic,铁磁体Ferromagnetism,反铁磁体Antiferromagnetism & 亚铁磁体Ferrimagnetism磁偶极子Dipole自发磁化Spontaneous magnetization磁畴Magnetic domain磁矩magnetic moment磁偏转型质谱仪magnetic deflection mass spectrometer磁倾角magnetic dip 磁扰magnetic disturbances磁畴壁magnetic domain walls磁场强度magnetic field intensity/strength磁通量紧缩/磁通密度magnetic flux compression /density 磁滞magnetic hysteresis 磁漏magnetic leakage磁弛豫magnetic relaxation 磁阻magnetic reluctance剩磁magnetic remanence 磁饱和magnetic saturation磁阱magnetic trap 磁变magnetic variations磁粘滞性magnetic viscosity 磁光效应magneto optic effect 磁振荡吸收magneto oscillatory absorption磁性电介质magneto dielectric 磁敏二极管magneto diode 静磁场magnetostatic field静磁学magnetostatics。