第三章翻译常用的八种技巧（中）第五节词序调整法 Inversion词序调整法的英语inversion一词，不能译成“倒译”、“倒译法”或“颠倒词序”之类，否则容易和语法中的“倒装”概念相混淆。
Inversion作为一种翻译技巧，其意思为，翻译时对词序作必要或必不可少的改变，并不只是纯粹的颠倒词序或倒装。
某些语言学家所说的九种倒装，是语法概念，是指同一种语言内的倒装情况，有其各自独特的语言构成方式。
这些情况与方式和它们被译成另一种语言后的语言构成形式并非完全相同。
试对照每种倒装例句的英文及其译文：l．Interrogative inversion (疑问倒装)：What did you do yesterday? (你昨天干什么?)2．Imperative inversion (命令倒装)：“Speak you,” said Mr．Black, “speak you，good fellow!” (布莱克先生命令道：“说，说吧！伙计!”)3．Exclamatory inversion (惊叹倒装)：How dreadful is this place! (这地方好可怕啊！)4．Hypothetical inversion (假设倒装)：Had you come yesterday，you could have seen him here．(要是你昨天来了，你就会在这里看到他的。
)5．Balance inversion (平衡倒装)：Through a gap came an elaborately described ray．(从一个空洞透出一束精心描绘的光线。
)6．Link inversion (衔接倒装)：On this depends the whole argument. (整个争论都以此为论据。
) 7．Signpost inversion (点题倒装)By strategy is meant some thing wider. (战略的意义比较广。
) 8．Negative inversion (否定倒装)：Not a word did he say．(他只字未说。
)9．Metrical inversion (韵律倒装)：在诗行中常用此倒装。
如：As pants the hart for cooling streams．(在一般散文或小说中的正常语序中这行诗应为：As the hart pants for cooling streams．意思为：因为公鹿渴望清凉的小溪。
)上述九条可说明：语法倒装一般是指主语与谓语或与谓语的一部分颠倒位置，而翻译中的Inversion是指译文与原文相比，词序发生了变化，故名“词序调整法”。
词序调整在英汉互译中运用是非常普遍的，不管是短语的翻译，或是句子的翻译，都是如此。
一、短语翻译1．Professor Wang 王教授2．Mr．Stevenson史蒂文森先生3．Room 101 101房间4．Page 15第15页5．March the first，1941 1941年3月1日6．The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China 中国共产党中央委员会7．tough—minded意志坚强的8．heart—warming 暖人心的9．well-conducted行为端正的10．ill—tempered脾气不好的11．East China 华东12．northeast 东北13．southwest 西南14．north，south，east and west 东西南北Can we forge against these enemies a grand and global alliance，North and South，East and West，that can assure a more fruitful life for all mankind? Will you join in that historic effort?我们能不能在东西南北各地建立起一个对付这些敌人的全球联盟，以保证全人类享有更为丰裕的生活你们是否愿意参与这一历史的努力?15．Comrade Zhang，Protocol Department，Ministry．of Foreign Affairs 外交部礼宾司张同志16．Major-General Mohammed Khan, The First Brigade，The Sixth Division，Pakistan Army巴基斯坦陆军第六师第一旅穆罕默德·汗少将。
17．(The tea—party was given by) Mr．Smith, senior correspondent of The Times, London．(这个茶会是由)伦敦《泰晤士报》的高级记者史密斯先生(举行的。
)18．every student of the class班上每一个学生(不能译成“每个学生的班”或“每个班上的学生”)19．all Party resolutions党的一切决议(绝对不能译成：一切党的决议)二、句子翻译1．They were sons of the men who had left their homes and taken to the mountains with their broad swords by their sides．他们都是那些抛妻别子、身带大刀进入深山的好汉们的后代。
2．Accounts are given of huge mountains sinking，of former plains seen heaved aloft，of fires flashing out amid the ruin．大山沉陷，平原隆起，火焰喷射，周围是一片废墟，这些都有记载。
3．He came yesterday．他昨天来的 (或：昨天他来了)。
4．He drinks half a bottle of beer with each of his meals．每餐他都要喝半瓶啤酒。
5．He is not happy，though he is rich．他虽富有，但不幸福。
6．Will you kindly express through your column my keen appreciation of the action of the British Government in effecting my release from the Chinese Legation?本人(指孙中山——编者)承蒙贵国政府之援助，得自中国公使馆获释，拟借贵报一角，敬伸感激之情，不知可邀俞允否?7．“What does Mr．Darcy mean，”said she to Charlotte，“by listening to my conversation with Colonel Forster?” “戴锡先生听我跟福斯塔上校谈话，” 她对查乐蒂说，“这究竟是什么意思?”8．The ladies encouraged the combatants not only by clapping their hands and waving their veils and kerchiefs，but even by exclaiming “Brave lance!Good sword!” when any successful thrust or blow took place under their observation．贵妇们看见刺中或打中时，不只是鼓掌，挥动头纱和手帕，甚至高声喊叫：“好枪法！好刀法!”这样地来鼓舞比武的英雄。
9．Draw，if you be man，Gregory，remember thy smashing blow．是汉子就拔出剑来，葛雷古利，别忘了你的杀手剑。
10．The day was just breaking when we were about to start；as I sat thinking of her，came struggling up the coach side，through the mingled day and night Uriah's head.天将破晓，我们就要动身了，我坐在车上正想着她，忽然当昼夜混沌未分之际，从马车的旁边钻进尤莉亚的头来。
(仍有词序调整) 11．There are many wonderful stories to tell about the places I visited and the people I met.我们访问了一些地方，遇到了不少人，要谈起来，奇妙的事可多着哩。
12．Today has seen the practical fulfilment of the historic decision taken on25 October 1971, when the General Assembly voted to restore to thePeople's Republic of China its lawful rights in this organization．1971年10月25日联合国大会投票恢复中华人民共和国在这一组织中的合法权时所作出的历史性决定，今天已经付诸实施了。
13．We ate to our hearts’content at her home last Sunday．我们上星期天在她家尽情地吃了一顿。
14．Professor Tong is working with two of his new assistants in the laboratory at the moment．童教授正在实验室和他的两个新助手一道工作。
15．Never have we seen so bright a future before us! 我们从来都没看见过这样光明的前途。
16．It was a keen disappointment that I had t0 postpone the visit which I had intended to pay to China in January．我原打算在今年一月访问中国，后来又不得不予以推迟，这使得我深感失望。
17．1 was all the more delighted when，as a result of the initiative of your Government，it proved possible to reinstate the visit so quickly．由于贵国政府的提议，才得以这样快地重新实现访问，这使我特别感到高兴。