摘要英国是一个历史文化悠久的古老国家，从伊比利亚等早期居民时代到凯撒大帝统治的罗马时代，再到诺曼征服，文艺复兴，工业革命，大英帝国一路收获的不仅是经济的强大，更有无与伦比的绚烂文化。

这其中，莎士比亚独占鳌头，唯独十九世纪批判现实主义杰出代表，小说家狄更斯可与之媲美。

此文正是关于狄更斯代表作《远大前程》的分析。

狄更斯是十九世纪英国最伟大的小说家，狄更斯这不仅是因为他非凡的观察力和想象力，文章能牢牢抓住人物的性格特征，在人物塑造当中赋予角色独特的个性与生命，更在于他的小说不仅真实地反映了整整一代人的生活经历,而且生动地揭示了19 世纪中叶整个英国的社会现实,其深度与广度远远超过了同时代的其它大部分作品。

《远大前程》是狄更斯晚期一部重要的作品，可以说是集批判现实主义小说之大成。

小说围绕主人公匹普成长历程展开描写，叙述了匹普“远大前程”的幻灭过程，事实证明其在纸醉金迷的上流社会里所追逐浮华都毫无价值。

为了使人们更好的理解这部作品，并更清楚的看到狄更斯作品中批判现实主义的强大力量，本文旨在对他的《远大前程》中各主要人物的性格发展的影响因素进行分析。

关键词：《远大前程》；狄更斯；主要人物；性格变化；内外因素AbstractBritain is an ancient country with a long history and culture, from early-age residents of Iberia, to Roman times ruled by Julius Caesar, and then to the Norman conquest, the Renaissance, the industrial revolution, the British empire not only harvests all the economy boom, but also has a sea of incomparable gorgeous culture. Among them, Shakespeare pulls ahead, only the nineteenth century outstanding representative of critical realism, novelist, Dickens is the comparable. Generally regarded as the greatest literary geniuses of his time in Victorian England, Charles Dickens (1812 -1870) enjoyed a wider popularity than any previous author had done during his lifetime “because of the magnitude of his artistic achievement and because of the comprehensiveness of the picture it gives of his age. This article is about to analysis Dickens' masterpiece "great expectations". Dickens was named the nineteenth century Britain greatest novelist, not only because his special powers of observation and imagination, but his article can hold characteristics into unique individual character and life. His novels not only reflect the whole generation of life experience, but also vividly reveal the picture of middle age of the nineteenth century, and the whole of the UK social reality. Their depth and breadth are far more than the contemporary other works. "Great expectations" is an important work written by Dickens in his old age, we can say this is the greatest achievement of critical realism. This novel describes around the hero Pip, and his great expectations of disillusion process, through the facts he finally realized his target for the flashy life in a luxury and dissipation in polite society was of no value. In order to make people better understand this works, and more clearly see Dickens works' great power ofcritical realism, this article focus on the influence factors of the development of the main characters.Key words: "great expectations "；Dickens；main figures；development of character；inner and outer factorsTable of ContentsOutline (1)Introduction (3)Chapter I Dickens' Cultural Position and the Content of the "Great Expectation " (4)1.1 The Important Status of Dickens (4)1.2 The Main Content of the "Great Expectation " (4)Chapter II Several Main Characters’ Personality Development Process (7)2.1 The Original Characteristics of the Main Figures (7)2.1.1 The Original Characteristic of Pip (7)2.1.2 The Original Characteristic of Joe Gargery (7)2.1.3 The Original Characteristic of Miss Havisham (8)2.2 The Development of Characteristics of the Main Figures (10)2.2.1 The Development of Characteristics of Pip (10)2.2.2 The Development of Characteristics of Joe Gargery (11)2.2.3 The Development of Characteristics of Miss Havisham (12)Chapter III Analysis of the Inner and Outer Factors for the Above Development (14)3.1 The Inner Factors (14)3.2 The Outer Factors (15)Chapter IV Conclusion (17)Bibliography (18)Acknowledgements (20)OutlineThesis statement: Through the analysis of several main characters’personality development process, we get the inspiration that we should have strong heart and use external factors positively.I . Dickens is the most important figure in the English literature, knowing his cultural position is the first step to analysis the "Great Expectation ".A.The important statue of Dickens will never be overestimated, for that studying him canshow us a panorama of his times.B .As the most distinctive master work of Dickens, the "Great Expectation" can not onlyindicate how Dickens is, but also itself is a appreciating book.II . Character is the soul of a book, and in order to know a work better, we have to study its characters and in this book, the development of the main characters is the most sparking point.A. We need to know how the original characteristics of the main figures are so that we canset the basis of the cooperation.1. Pip is a kind hearted boy and full of sympathy.2. Joe Gargery is an honest, industrious, mild, good-natured and easy-going dear fellow.3. Miss Havisham is an eccentric and most impressive woman.B.The development of the main characters is the more weighting part, in this one we canfind that how these figures grow up and change.1.Pip changes little by little and almost becomes a bad man.2.Joe becomes unselfish and warm-hearted.3.Miss Havisham becomes an invalid in heart.III . For any development, there are some reasons; no matter they are about outside forces or inside eager, so in this part I am going to analyses the inner and outer factor for the above characters.A.Inner factors include family, family condition, faith and knowledge etc.B.Outer factors include envi ronment, friends, other’s help etc.IV. Conclusion: We should actively use external factors to pursue the great expectations.IntroductionMy first name was Philip, but when I was a small child I could only manage to say Pip. So Pip was what everybody called me. I lived in a small village in Essex with my sister, who was over twenty years older than me...With the words, we are into a story: This article is about to analysis Dickens' masterpiece "great expectations”. Dickens was named the nineteenth century Britain greatest novelist, not only because his special powers of observation and imagination, but his article can hold characteristics into unique individual character and life. His novels not only reflect the whole generation of life experience, but also vividly reveal the picture of middle age of the nineteenth century, and the whole of the UK social reality. Their depth and breadth are far more than the contemporary other works. "Great expectations" is an important work written by Dickens in his old age, we can say this is the greatest achievement of critical realism. This novel describes around the hero Pip, and his great expectations of disillusion process, through the facts he finally realized his target for the flashy life in a luxury and dissipation in polite society was of no value.。