上海交通大学附属中学2018-2019学年度第二学期高一英语摸底考试卷第Ⅰ 卷II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections : Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentences.21. With all the books he ________, he smiled from the bottom of his heart.A. needed, buyB. needed boughtC. needed buyingD. needed to be bought22. Tom has relied on Zuoyebang ________ his maths homework in the past five years.23. Sometimes it may not be so easy to know ________ what is right or wrong.A. roughlyB. eventuallyC. deliberatelyD. exactly24. Emotional upsets can affect drivers’ reactions, slow their judgement, and blind them to dangers that might otherwise be________.A. inevitableB. evidentC. avoidableD. serious25. Telemedicine has ________ for a long time, but the rise of smartphones, tablet PCs and camera-equipped computers is raising telemedicine to new levels.A. preservedB. existedC. survivedD. established26. He asked me ________ with me.A. what wrong wasB. what the matter wasC. what’s wrongD. what was the matter27. There are many ways of defining success. It is accurate to say that each of us has our own ________ of success.A. purposeB. decisionC. conceptD. name28. He looked so upset. ________ that makes him so sad?A. Why it isB. Is it whatC. How was itD. What is it29. Cramming for an examination may result in a passing grade, but it is not a ________ way to learn a school course.A. convenientB. demandingC. satisfactoryD. swift30. A man is known by the company he ________.A. worksB. ownsC. keepsD. makes31. As we all know, dogs have a sharp ________ of smell to tell things apart.A. senseB. feelingC. abilityD. scent32. It is disappointing ________ him to be caught cheating in the exam again.A. forB. ofC. withD. to33. In Shanghai Book fair, there will be a lot of activities, with volunteers ________ questions people might have.A. answerB. answeringC. to answerD. to answering34. The reason why Hiu Haoran is so popular is ________ so handsome.A. because he isB. that he isC. he isD. because of his being35. When the murder happened, Detective Conan happened ________.A. to be in the sceneB. to be on the sceneC. being in the sceneD. being on the scene/36. She has so much homework to do, but she can ______.A. carry it offB. carry it onC. carry it awayD. carry it out37. Since I was young, circuses, ___ a dramatic decline in attendance.A. have been seenB. were seenC. have seenD. saw38. The winter vacation must be made full use _____ homework.A. of doingB. of being doneC. of to doD. to do39. As is known to all, _____, dogs can be our good friends.A. when taken good care ofB. when taking good care ofC. when to be taken good care ofD. when to take good care of40. The experts warn that it is ___ for every driver to make a conscious efforts to keep one’s emotions under control.A. abstractB. toughC. peculiarD. vital41. People on Earth are more likely to develop skin cancer, cataracts and other health problems due to too much UVlight _____.A. returnB. exposureC. campaignD. approach42. Is the museum ___ you visited last week?A. thatB. whereC. the oneD. which43. It is no surprising that almost all the students do not take even a(n) ___ day off homework.A. oneB. moreC. onlyD. single44. Besides keeping readers ___ of the latest news, today’s newspaper influence readers about politics and otherimportant and serious matters.A. informingB. being informedC. to be informedD. informed45. As a visitor, you can enjoy the delightful ____ of Shanghai Disney and the countryside around it.A. brochuresB. featuresC. scenesD. orchestras46. I ____ have met him a long time ago. Both his name and face are very familiar.A. may wellB. canC. might as wellD. should47. A young model as she is, she has turned down many invitations ____ at shows in order to concentrate do herstudies.A. for starringB. to be starredC. of being starredD. to star48. Music is an expression of the beings who create it, which ____ their thinking and values, as well as the socialposition it came from.A. reflectsB. promotesC. dominatesD. digestsSection BDirections：Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.The age at which kids first fall victim to bullying could influence how strongly they are affected, suggests a newstudy. And, ___49___, it is not the youngest kids who are hurt the most in the long term.Bullying can have long-lasting effects, but particularly when it begins in ___50___, the researchers say. People ___51___ to either verbal or physical bullying are known to be at greater risk of developing depression, anxiety disorders or to behave ___52___. But not everyone reacts in this way.Children bullied for the first time hit adolescence seem to get over it, but those who are bullied for the first time later on in adolescence seem to become more ___53___ or are more likely to turn to drink as a means of coping. These are the conclusions of psychologist Matthew Newman and colleagues from the University of Texas at Austin, US.The team gave questionnaires to nearly 1,500 college students regarding their experience of physical and ___54___ bullying before adolescence—before high school—and in late adolescence—at high school. They assessed mood and mental state, ___55___ by signs of anxiety or depression, such as sleeplessness. The group was also questioned about how they would react to certain ___56___, such as humiliation.People who were bullied all revealed slightly higher levels of stress. But while those bullied earlier in life seemed to respond normally to provocation (挑畔), people bullied for the first time late in adolescence are more withdrawn and ___57___ to violence.There are also sex differences between those bullied for the first time during adolescence, with females more likely to react aggressively when provoked and males are much more likely to turn to alcohol to escape bad situations. The best solution in all cases was strong social ____58___, whether from friends, family or school. Those with no one to share their problems with suffered the most.So perhaps it is best not to shelter children completely from bullying early on, suggests Newman. “They may get stressed, but unhealthy coping really jumps out when they are bullied for the first time later on.”What are the things that first come to your mind when you think of the UK? Are they nonstop rain, polite manners, boring food and tea drinking?Some of the UK’s ___59___ stereotypes are true, a new survey has found. For example, British people do have a(n) ___60___ to drink lots of tea.The research polled 1,402 foreigners living in the UK on their opinions about the British way of life. Unsurprisingly, the majority of them, almost 70 percent, said they enjoyed living in the country—good manners, especially UK people’s extraordinary ability to queue, are the main reasons for foreigners’ ___61___. More than one-third said they liked British people’s restrained ___62___ to emotion.However, there are aspects of British culture that are ___63___ upon. The heavy alcohol drinking culture ___64___ as the least favorite characteristic, followed by the British sense of humor and the country’s bad weather. It may not be too hard to understand why heavy drinking and bad weather are ___65___, but what’s wrong with the British sense of humor?British humor is known for being dry and satirical（讽刺的），so it is generally more ___66___. When it comes to making the British laugh, there is nothing more ___67___ than a socially inappropriate joke, noted the BBC.“Britons are more comfortable with life’s loser,”write English actor Ricky Gervais in an article published inTime magazine.“The majority of nationalities have stcrotypes fitted around them and Britons don’t escape this,”said Liam Clifford, the founder of Global Visas, the website that conducted the research.“People’s probably come here with a stereotype-based preconception of what to expect. It’s good to see from our survey, though, that, in the majority of cases，this reputation is actually ___68___ upon living here.”Ⅰ. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections：For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C, and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Homework, may have a positive influence on students’ conscientiousness. Previous research finds that homework effort is consistently ___69___ with student achievement. ___70___ conscientiousness appears to be the most important personality for predicting homework effort. With this connection in mind, ___71___ of homework have argued that the effort that students put in their homework may have positive effects by influencing conscientiousness. In their study, the Tübingen scientists investigated whether this ___72___ holds true.They analyzed 2,760 students from two different schools in the German states. Students were evaluated right after their ___73___ from primary to secondary school in Grade 5. For the next three years, students were evaluated ___74___ between six and eight weeks after the start of each school year. They answered questions such as how many of their last 10 homework assignments to mathematics. Also, they were asked how conscientious they thought they were, including whether they would describe themselves as tidy or as ___75___ ___76___ students’ self-reports, parents were asked to ___77___ their children’s conscientiousness as well.Results show that those students who put a lot of effort in their homework between Grade 5 and 8 also ___78___ in terms of their conscientiousness. Previous research has shown that conscientiousness tends to undergo a temporary ___79___ in late childhood and early adolescence. As the results found by the Tubingen scientists suggest, doing your homework thoroughly appeared to balance it."Our results show that homework is not only relevant for school performance, but also benefits personality development—if students put a lot of effort into their assignments," says Richard Göllner, first author of the study. "The question whether doing your homework can also influence the conscientiousness development has been mostly ___80___ in previous discussions of the role of homework," criticizes Ulrich Trautwein, director of the Hector Research Institute. "We need to ___81___ more precisely what expectations we have ___82___ homework and how those expectations can be ___83___."69. A. connected B. concerned C. associated D.dealt70. A. Therefore B. Also C. However D. Even so71. A. supporters B. researchers C. opponents D. scientists72. A. influence B.claim C. prediction D. finding73. A. transformation B. transaction C. transition D. transfer74. A. initially B. annually C. occasionally D. eventually75. A. dirty B. pussy C. messy D. mussy76. A. Except for B. In spite of C. Rather than D. In addition to77. A. assess B. investigate C. diagnose D. estimate78. A. accomplished B. purified C. gained D. promoted79. A. boom B. fade C. decline D. sustainability80. A. disapproved B. resisted C. neglected D. denied81. A. expose B. calculate C. uncover D. define82. A. for B. with C. about D. of83. A. fulfilled B. completed C. perform D. implementedSection BDirections：Read the following three passages. Choose the answer that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（A）Those who welcomed the railway saw it as more than a rapid and comfortable means of passing. They actually saw it as a factor in world peace. They did not foresee that the railway would be just one more means for the rapid movement of aggressive armies. None of them foresaw that the more we are together—the more chances there are of war. Any boy or girl who is one of a large family knows that.Whenever any new invention is put forward, those for it and those against it can always find medical men to approve or condemn. The anti-railway group produced doctors who said that tunnels would be most dangerous to public health: they would produce colds, catarrhs and consumptions. The deafening noise and the glare of the engine fire, would have a bad effect on the nerves. Further, being moved through the air at a high speed would do grave injury to delicate lungs. In those with high blood pressure, the movement of the train might produce apoplexy. The sudden plunging of a train into the darkness of a tunnel, and the equally sudden rush into full daylight, would cause great damage to eyesight. But the pro-railway group was of course able to produce equally famous medical men to say just the opposite. They said that the speed and swing of the train would equalize the circulation, promote digestion, tranquilize the nerves, and ensure good sleep.The actual rolling-stock was anything but comfortable. If it was a test of endurance to sit for four hours outside a coach in rain, or inside in dirty air, the railway offered little more in the way of comfort. Certainly the first-class carriages had cushioned seats; but the second-class had only narrow bare boards, while the third-class had nothing at all; no seats and no roof; they were just open trucks. So that third-class passengers gained nothing from the few mode except speed. In the matter of comfort, indeed they lost; they did, on the coaches, have a seat, but now they had to stand all the way, which gave opportunities to the comic press. This kind of thing: "A man was seen yesterday buying a third-class ticket for the new London and Birmingham Railway. The state of his mind is being enquired into".A writer in the early days of railways wrote feelingly of both second-and third-class carriages. He made the suggestion that the directors of the railways must have sent all over the world to find the hardest possible wood. Of the open third-class trucks he said that they had the peculiar property of meeting the rain from whatever quarter it came. He described them as horizontal shower-baths, from whose searching power there was no escape.84. According to those who welcomed the railway, the railway itself should include all the following expect ____.A. the railway enables people travel fastB. the railway brings comfort to peopleC. the railway makes the world peacefulD. the railway leads the world to war as well85. According to the anti-railway group, all the followings are true but ___.A. tunnels are dangerous to public healthB. the noise and the glare of the engine fire may affect people’s nervesC. the rapid speed through the air does damage to people’s lungsD. to those with high blood-pressure, the rapid speed of the train causes them to die86. We may safely conclude that ___.A. the author belongs to the anti-railway groupB. he author belongs to the for-railway groupC. the author speaks highly of the railwayD. the author may never take train because of its potential dangers87. What is the tone of this passage?A. PracticalB. SatiricalC. HumorousD. Exaggerated（B）Ecological & Geological ToursSurrounded by the sea, Hong Kong is a fun and wonderful place for water sports. The Winter Sports Centres of the Leisure and Cultural Services Department will offer various thematic water sports activities in marine ecology and coastal geological features for nature lovers to admire the coastal scenery. Under the programmes, participants can enjoy at close range the fascinating coastal scenery and give full play to their potential and nurture team spirit by taking part in canoeing, sailing or windsurfing. It will also help to raise awareness in environmental protection among participants and enable them to make good use of their leisure to enjoy life.FeesIf the number of participants is less than the specified number, courses can still be conducted but course fees must be paid in full. If the number of participants exceeds the specified number, it should be multiple of the specified number of participants for each course.Fees are calculated per course per day.Type of Activity Canoeing Dinghy Sailing WindsurfingMonth April to November Holidays* $1,000 $522$950Weekdays$800 $450 $755December to March $800 $426 $730*Holidays mean Saturdays, Sundays and public holidays.Coastal Scenery ToursThis journey starts off from Stanley Mario Beach Winter Sports Centre towards Cape D’Aqullar Marine where you can appreciate offshore the amazing coastal landforms as a result of the wave erosion over the years. It is also easy to find a natural coastaline along the sandy beaches at To Tai Wan and the Ngan Hang Village. Soon enough, you will reach Tai Tam Harbor, the only naturally on Hong Kong island.Copyright C 2014 Leisure and Cultural Services Department.Share：E-mail Facebook Twitter Sina WeiboAll Rights reserved.Important notices Privacy policy! Last revision date: 27 November, 201488. The Ecological & Geological Tours will offer ____.A. excellent water sports and inland thematic activitiesB. the fascinating costal scenery at a long distanceC. educational guide as to environmental protectionD. exciting events such as canoeing, sailing and windsurfing89. If the specified number is 2 for all the activities, YLC and his parents decide to go canoeing and Dinghy Sailingon Oct 1st, how much should they pay?A. $4566B. $3044C. $3678D. $375090. According to the last paragraph, which one of the following is NOT true?A. People in Coastal Scenery Tours are heading for Cape D’Aquila Marine ReserveB. wave erosion over the years plays a key role in forming the coastal landformsC. Tai Tam Harbour is the only natural coastline along the sand beaches at To Tei Wan and the Ngan Hang VillageD. Tai Tam Harbour is not far from to Tei Wan and the Ngan Hang Village（C）Of all the areas of learning the most important is the development of attitudes: emotional reactions as well as logical thought processes affect the behavior of most people. “The burnt child fears the fire” is one instance; another is the rise of despots like Hitler. Both these examples point up the fact that attitudes come from experience. In the one case the experience was direct and impressive; in the other it was indirect and cumulative. The Nazis were influenced largely by the speeches they heard and the books they read.The classroom teacher in the elementary school is in strategic position to influence attitudes. This is true partly because children acquire attitudes from those adults whose words are highly regarded by them.Another reason it is true is that pupils often devote their time to a subject in school that has only been touched upon at home or has possibly never occurred to them before. To a child who has previously acquire little knowledge of Mexico, his teacher’s method of handling such a unit would greatly affect his attitude toward Mexicans.The media through which the teacher can develop whole greatly attitudes are innumerable. Social studies（with special reference to races, beliefs and nationalities），science matters of health and safety, the very atmosphere of the classroom… these are a few of the fertile fields for the induction of proper emotional reactions.However, when children come to school with undesirable attitudes, it is unwise to attempt to change their feelings by criticizing them. She can achieve the proper effect by helping them obtain constructive experience.To illustrate, first-grade pupils, afraid of policemen will probably change their attitudes after a classroom chat with the neighborhood officer as which he explains how he protects them. In the same way, a class of older children can develop attitudes through discussion, research, outside reading and all-day trips.Finally, a teacher must constantly evaluate her own attitudes, because her influence can be negative if she has personal prejudices. This is especially true in respect to controversial issues and questions of which children shouldbe encouraged to reach their own decisions as result of objective analysis of all the facts.91. Which of the following best describes the organization of the first paragraph of the text?A. A statement is made and two examples are given to illustrate it.B. A controversy is stared and two opposite points of view are presented.C. A widely accepted definition is presented and two men are described.D. An idea is stated and two results of recent research are summarized.92. The central idea conveyed in the above text is that ___.A. attitudes affect our actionsB. teachers play a significant role in developing or reshaping pupils’ attitudesC. attitudes can be modified by some classroom experiencesD. by their attitudes, teachers don’t affect pupils’ attitudes deliberately.93. In Paragraph 6 the author implies that ___.A. the teacher should guide all discussions by revealing her own attitudeB. in some aspects of social studies a greater variety of methods can be used in the upper grades than in the lowergradesC. people usually act on the basic of reasoning rather than on emotionD. children’s attitudes often come from those of other children94. The text specially states that ______.A. direct experiences are more valuable than indirect onesB. whatever attitudes a child learns in school have already been introduced at homeC. teachers can sometimes have an undesirable influence on childrenD. teachers should always conceal their own attitudes第Ⅰ 卷Ⅰ. Blank FillingSection ADirections：After reading the sentences below, fill in the blanks to make them coherent and grammatically correct. Fill in each blank with the proper forms of the given verbs.1. Don’t be surprised. The tiger mother will have her kids __________（play）the piano till they are ready for theperformance.2. The plans _________（leave）at 7:00 p.m. so I have to be at the airport by 6:40 at the latest.3. I’ve finally finished my homework and it ________（take）me the entire winter vacation.4. –Dexter, I will come to attend your lecture at 10:00 tomorrow.–I’m sorry, by then my lecture will have ended and I ________（meet）my guests in my office.5. The experiment is not __________（do）until everything is ready.6. In 405 was a window _________（overlook）the playground.7. ________（consider）he has only been learning French for a year, he speaks it very well.8. Here you are the papers ________（check）by Dexter when he returns from his winter vacation.9. Which do you enjoy ________（spend）your summer vacation, doing homework or swimming?10. Much attention should be paid ________（improve）students’ learning conditions.11. After four years of hard and lonely work, Michelangelo was on the way to ________（become）one of thegreatest artists.12. In the course of a day students do far more than just _________（attend）classes.Section BDirections：After reading the sentences below, fill in the blanks to make them coherent and grammatically correct. Fill in each blank with the proper connective words or phrases.13. _________ is believed to be the most excellent in all aspects will win a scholarship.14. The reason ________ she gave for not handing in homework puzzled all of the people present.15. In biology class, students grow onions inside standard metal containers, _________ water replaces soil as thebed for the roots of the plants.16. Do your homework for winter vacation carefully _____ ____ you find it hard to pass the assessment test.17. _______ students having difficulties in studying need most of all is homework rather than comfort.18. You must keep on working in the evening _________ you are sure you can finish the homework in time.19. Consumers are getting more sensible and buy only a little _______ _______ _______ all the advertisementsthey see.20. Whatever we do, we will make it, as long as we take the passion ________ we should have to achieve our goals.21. The limits of a person’s intelligence are fixed at birth, but ________ he reaches these limits depends on hisenvironment.22. It was several years _________ Alan and Linda managed to pass the English examination.23. Although faced with hardships, he just smiles ________ ________ everything is fine.24. You’ll find taxis waiting at the bus station _________ you can hire to reach your house.Ⅰ.Translation1.掌握扫读的技巧使你能更好适应快速的英语学习节奏。