scratch for you. Yu: Why does the mosquito only bite me instead of Liu Xing? This isn' t my
home? Mei: Nonsense! Of course this is your home. Here are your dad and mum. Do you know why the mosquitoes only 12
Relation
(相关性的违反)
3.Mei: Are you OK? There must be huge gap in your mind now. Do you have the thought to find a way to escape?
Dong Hai: The meeting is quite well. Mei: What did the teacher tell you about Liu Xing? (The grandma coughs, indicating Xia Donghai not to tell the truth)
9
Violation of Quantity (量的违
反)
2. A: Where is John?
(约翰在哪呢？)
B: He’s gone to the
library. He said so when
he left.
( 他去图书馆了。他走
时是这么说的。)
10
Violation of
Quantity (量的违
bite you instead of Liu Xing?
Violation of Relation (相关
性的违反)
1. A: You know? Professor Li’s wife is a bald.
(知道吗？李教授的妻子是个光头。 )
B: Oh! What a nice day! Isn’t it?
informative than is
required.
4
说真话
Quality
Try to make your contribution one that is true: 1)Do not say what you believe to be false. 2)Do not say that for which you lack adequate
The Cooperative Principle and Politeness Principle of Pragmatics
1
The
CP的提出： by Herbert Paul
Grice, 1975, “Logic and
Conversation”
Cooperative
Principle (合作原则) According to Grice, people usually try to reach a
common goal by mutual efforts or at least make the conversation develop in the direction of their expectation in conversational exchange. To achieve this, people ne2 ed
7
In short
Sub-consciously or even unconsciously, when we speak, we generally have something like the CP in our mind. 说话者在无意 识地遵守着合作原 则。
We will trபைடு நூலகம் to say things 8
(哦，今天的天气可真不错，是吧？ )
13
Violation of Relation (相关
性的违反)
2. A: How’s her term paper? (她学期论文写得怎样？)
B: Her handwriting is quite beautiful!
(她书法不错！)
14
Violation of
which are true, relevant, as
Violation of Quantity (量的违
反)
1.A: Would you mind
telling me your address?
(您介意告诉我您
的住址吗？)
B: Somewhere In the
south of Handan.
(我住在邯郸的南
get through."
11
Violation of
Quality
(质的违反) Yu: Mum, my hand was bitten by the
insect. Mei: Oh, what's the matter? Was it bitten by mosquito? Come on, let me
Contents of
CP
(合作原则的内容
)
QuantityQuality
量
质
RelationManner 相关 方式
3
不多说， 也不少说
Quantity
1)Make your contribution as informative as
required.
2)Do not make your contribution more
Dong Hai: Err, I take some medicine for
evidence.
.
5
说话要 相关，贴切
Relation
Be relevant.
6
Manner
Be perspicuous, and specifically: 1) avoid obscurity of expression.避免
晦涩 2) avoid ambiguity.避免歧义 3) be brief.简单明了 4) be orderly.井井有条
反) 3.Mei: Who answered the phone?
(谁接的电话?)
Yu: A woman.
(一个女的。)
Mei: What? What did she say?
(嗯? 说什么?)
Yu: She said," sorry, you dial
telephone temporarily unable to