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➢ It is asserted that … 有人主张 …… ➢ It is believed that … 有人认为… ➢ It is generally considered that …
大家(一般人)认为 ➢ It was told that … 有人曾经说……
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➢It may be said without fear of exaggeration that … 可以毫不夸 张地说……
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再如：
a. 他突然想到了一个新主意 Suddenly he had a new idea. He suddenly thought out a new
idea. A new idea suddenly occurred to
him.
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b. 在美国，人人都能买到枪。 In the United States, everyone can buy a gun.
ChineseEnglish Translation
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1) 我昨天带来并放在书架上的一本新的英 汉成语词典对于翻译很有用处。
The new English-Chinese phrase dictionary I brought here yesterday and put on the bookshelf is quite useful for translation.
这一带我不熟悉，天黑之后继续调查， 取得结果的希望不大。
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主语的确定
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确定主语时应遵循以下原则： ➢ 必须符合英语的语言习惯和英美等国的文化
习俗； ➢ 必须符合英美人的思维方式； ➢ 必须是句中应该突出的信息； ➢ 必须符合句中的逻辑关系； ➢ 在篇章翻译中，必须符合上下文行文的需要。
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1、必须符合英语的语言习惯，如：
我去了一些地方，遇到了不少人，要谈 起来，奇妙的事情可多着呢。
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6）从前海边的一个村子里住着个老 渔民。 Once there lived an old fisherman in a village by the sea.
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7）我们是在俱乐部遇到他的。 It was in the club that we met her.
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2）在历史上，由于长江不断改道在武 汉地区形成了众多的湖泊。 The constant changes of the course of the Changjiang River in history helped form a great many lakes in the areas around Wuhan.
The substance discovered by chance have revolutionized medicine.
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英汉句子比较
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1）英语重形合，汉语重意合。 西洋语法是硬的，没有弹性；中国语法是软 的，富有弹性。……所以中国语法以达意为 主。 英国人写文章往往化零为整，而中国人写文 章往往化整为零。（王力）
(human: showing the weakness that are typical of people, which means that other people should not criticize the person too much)
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3）希望今后上海能够与更多的外国 城市结为友好城市。 It is hoped that Shanghai will establish friendly relations with more foreign cities in the future.
由于距离远，又缺乏交通工具，使农村 社会与外界隔绝，而这种隔绝，又由于 通讯工具不足而变得更加严重。
(compound: to make sth. bad become even worse by causing further harm
paucity: a small amount of sth.)
In the United States, guns are available to everyone.
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c. 你可以从因特网上获得这一信息。
You can obtain this information on the Internet.
This information is accessible/available on the Internet.
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In Africa I met a boy, who was crying as if his heart would break and said, when I spoke to him, that he was hungry because he had had nothing for two days.
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9) 水稻竟能在这样的地方生长，这 实在是个奇迹。
It is simply a miracle that rice should grow in such a place. 10) 完成这项工作花了我们五年的时 间。
It took us five years to finish this project.
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3）众所周知，中国在1980年成功 地发射了第一颗洲际导弹。
As is known to all, 1980 saw the successful launching of China’s first intercontinental g的行程中，我坐在椅 子上，淌着汗，四肢无力，浑身酸 痛. The end of the last journey saw me upon a chair, perspiring, flaccid, aching.
➢It must be pointed out that … 必须指出……
➢It is imagined that...人们认 为……
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➢ It can not be denied that...不可否 认……
➢ It will be seen from this that...由此 可知……
➢ It is (always) stressed that...人们 (总是)强调……
他一边吃，一边瞪着大眼睛环顾四周， 不禁暗自发笑；眼前这一派富丽繁华， 说不定某一天会统统落进我地手掌心。
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4） There was little hope of continuing my inquiries after dark to any useful purpose in a neighborhood that was strange to me.
在非洲，我遇到了一个小孩，他哭得伤心 极了。我问他时，他说他饿了，两天没 吃饭了。
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Carlisle Street runs westward, across a great black bridge, down a hill and up again, by little shops and meat-markets, past single-storied homes, until suddenly it stops against a wide green lawn.
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4）我们别后没发生什么事。
Nothing has happened since we parted.
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5）我知道你要说服他放弃那个计划 是很困难的。 I know it is difficult for you to persuade him out of the plan.
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5）There are many wonderful stories to tell about the places I visited and the people I met.
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2) 这几篇专为大学生编写的最新实用翻译 讲稿，在理论原则和技巧指导上有许多 特点。
These up-to-date practical lectures on translation specially written for college students have many features in theoretical principles and technical direction.
The world has witnessed different roads to modernization.
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The isolation of the rural world, because of distance and the lack of transport facilities, is compounded by the paucity of the information media. 对比： Because there is a great distance and there are not enough transport facilities, the rural world is isolated. This isolation has become more serious because there are not enough information media.
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b. 这些岛屿上发生过很多重大的历 史事件。 These islands witnessed a lot of historic events.
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c. 五世纪是罗马帝国的崩溃时期。
The 5th century saw the end of the Roman Empire.
d. 世界上已有了不同的现代化道路。
1) 总是在失去友谊的时候才感到真 正友谊的可贵。 The value of true friendship is seldom known until it is lost.