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完整word版高中英语语法冠词及其用法讲解

第一讲冠词及用法讲解5、序数词和形容词最高级前。

比较级前若表示特指时也要用定冠词the 。

The cakes are delicious. He'd like to have a third one because the second one is rather too small. 冠词是虚词,本身不能单独使用,也没有词义,它用在名词的前面,帮助指明名词的(2002年上海春季卷)I want to chat with the taller of the two men. 含义。

英语中的冠词有三种:定冠词、不定冠词、零冠词。

6、在表示方位、乐器的名词前。

基本用法一、不定冠词:Summer in the south of France is for the most part dry and sunny. 、(2000年北京春季卷)play 、不定冠词用于单数可数名词之前,其中a 用于以辅音音素(辅音音素24个/p//b/、/t/the piano, play the violin/d/、/m/、/l/、/r/ 等,不是辅音字母)开始的词前。

而20an 是用于以元音音素(元音音素7、用于复数姓氏之前,表示“夫妇”或“全家”,a useful 。

the Smiths开始的词前。

e,,i,o,u)如:a university/e/个/i:/、/i/、、/au/ 等, 不是元音字母a8、表示世界上独一无二事物的名词前。

the sun,the moon,the earth,the world。

,tool,a computeran orange,an hour,an 800-meter bridge,9、用于由普通名词构成的专有名词、江河、山脉、湖泊、海洋、群岛、海峡、海湾运河及典型例句某些建筑物等名称前。

、与可数名词单数连用,表示类别。

1According to the World Health Organization, health care plans are needed --I knocked over my coffee cup. It went right over the keyboard.--You shouldn't put drinks near a in all big cities to prevent the spread of AIDS.(20062006 年北京卷)年全国II卷)(computer.After dinner he gave Mr. Richardson a ride to the Capital Airport. ,相当于2、泛指某人或某物,表示“某一个”a certain。

(2005年安徽卷)10、在某些形容词之前,可表示某一类人。

the rich,the poor,I2006--Hello, could I speak to Mr. Smith? (年全国卷)the old,the wounded,the living,the dead。

--Sorry, wrong number. There isn't a Mr. Smith here.三、不用冠词(零冠词)情况per、用于数量、时间等名词前,表示“每一(单位)的……”相当于3 。

:1、人名、地名(街名、广场名、公园名)、大学名、国名、病名前。

)2003I earn 10 dollars an hour as a supermarket cashier on Saturdays. (年上海卷Wang Fu Jing Street,,,,、4用于固定词组中。

a knowledge of have a gift forgive sb. a ridea couple of,have a good Pei Hai Park 北海公园,Beijing University 但也可说the University ofBeijing do sb. a favortell a lieat a lossonce in a whilein a hurrykeep a diarytime,,,,,,。

2、抽象名词表示一般概念时,一般不用冠词。

二、定冠词的基本用法When you finish reading the book, you will have a better understandingof life. (2004年辽宁卷)、用来特指某(些)人或某(些)事物。

所特指的名词常被短语或定语从句所所修饰。

13、物质名词表示一般概念时,一般不用冠词。

Of all the reasons for my decision to become a university professor, my father's advice was the The warmth of the sweater will of course bedetermined by the sort of wool used.2006(年辽宁卷)2001年全国卷)(most important one.4、表示职位或头衔的抽象名词前,常不用冠词。

但表示具体的人时,加the 。

2、指说话的双方都知道的人或事物。

We will 年浙江卷)2006elect engineer Liu director of our factory. 类似的名词还有:president,monitor,(Don't worry if you can't come to the party. I'll save some cake for you.headmaster,mayor 等。

3、复述上文中提到的事物。

5There is a shelf in my father's room. The shelf is new. 、表示季节、月份、星期几、节、假日等表示时间的名称前,不用冠词。

但我国的阴历节前要用、用于单数可数名词之前,表示该类事物,相当于4the。

a 。

Children's Day,Women's DayWhen you come here for your holiday next time, don't go to the hotel; I can find you a bed in my ,May Day the Spring Festival。

卷)I年全国2004(flat. play chess,play basketball 不用冠词。

球类活动和棋类游戏的名称前,学科名称、三餐、、6 17、man 作“人类”讲时,同human,mankind 一样不用冠词。

5. Christmas is ______ special holiday when ______whole family are supposed to get together.(2007年辽宁卷)discovery, which to improve the telescope, Newton made a While he was investigating waysA. the;theB. a;aC. the;2004completely changed man's understanding of color. (年广东卷) aD. a;the解析:这句话的意思是:圣诞节是一个整个家庭应该聚在一起的特殊的节日。

交通手段时,不用冠词。

If you go by train, A special 8、by 与表示“通信、交通”的词连用,表示通信,holiday“一个特殊的节日”,是泛指,用不定冠词you can have quite a comfortable journey, but make sure you get a fast one. (2005年全国III a 。

the whole family 特指“整个家庭”,用定冠词the 。

所以选D 卷)。

冠词用法口诀、复数名词前不用冠词泛指类别。

9四.冠词的活用。

It is often said that teachers have a very easy life. (2005年北京卷)1. 抽象名词具体化时,被具体化的名词可能会和a, an 连用。

10、有些名词与介词搭配表示抽象意义,不加冠词,常作状语。

如a heavy rain, a surprise 一件惊奇的事, a pleasure, a success/ failure等。

His daughter is always shy in public and she never dares to make a speech to the public. (2001Exercises: 1. I don't think my chances of ___________ success were very good. under love with,pressure,beyond 年上海卷)in surprise/wonder/danger/tears/comfort,inexpression 等。

2. The gift came as _____________ complete surprise to me.2. 表示世界上独一无二的事物的名词前面一般要加定冠词,典例精析:但是如果此类名词有修饰成分,也可以用a/ an 1. _______ walk is expected to last all day, so bring _______ packed lunch. (2007年山东卷)如:the moon, a full moon, in the world, in a world without air3. 牢记高考中常见的纯不可数名词,它们前面永远不能加不定冠词。

如:不填不填A. A;a B. The; C. The;a D. A;weather, space, fun,advice, news, information, progress是泛指,因此用定冠词特指;是指大家心中都明白的the walk walk ,a packed lunch 解析:4. 指一份盒饭。

答案:专有名词前冠词的用法比较复杂,但一般情况下不含普通名词的专有名词前不用冠词,C。

如2. --Could you tell me the way to _______ Johnsons, please?Beijing, New York. The Changjiang River, The Great Wall5. 易混结构卷)年全国(2007II--Sorry, we don't have _______ Johnson here in the village.;不填;the D. the the +比较级表示两者中比较…的一个不填the taller one of the two brothersa C; A. the;the B. thea 。

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