定语从句一、关系代词和关系副词指物which/that, 指人who /whom/that.作宾语时可省略。

*只用that的情形：先行词是不定代词，先行词被最高级修饰，先行词被序数词修饰，先行词既包括人又包括物。

关系副词when/where/why在从句中做状语，可用相应介词加关系代词替换。

二、判断先行词在从句中到底是做状语还是主、宾语I’ll always remember the time (which/that) we spent together. I’ll always remember the time when/during which I stayed on that farm.This is the hospital which/that was built 5years ago. This is the hospital where/in which my sister works.This is the reason why/for which he was late. This is the reason (that/which) he referred to in his report.三、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句1.非限制性定语从句起补充信息、解释说明的作用。

指人只用who、whom，指物只用which,都不用that。

2.非限制性定语从句形成条件：先行词已经很具体明确；主句说整体，从句补充说其中部分的情况；先行词是一个陈述句表明一种情况，从句阐述其结果；whose的替换，先行词和从句的主语是所属关系，用whose 引导，或替换为the 名词of which(先行词指物)，the 名词of whom(先行词指人)。

Our head teacher is Mr. Wang, who is popular among the students.= Our head teacher is Mr. Wang and he is popular among the students.I bought two dozen eggs last week, two of which have gone bad.= I bought two dozen eggs last week, but two of them have gone bad.Her pet dog died yesterday, which made her very upset.= Her pet dog died yesterday, and it made her very upset.= Her pet dog died yesterday, making her very upset.= What made her very upset is that her pet dog died yesterday.= That her pet dog died yesterday made her very upset.四、as 和which 引导的定语从句1.位置：as 引导的定语从句可置于句首、句中、句末，which 引导的定语从句只能置于主句后；2.意义：as引导的定语从句表示“正如、就像……”；3.搭配：先行词前有such, as, the same等词语，用as 引导定语从句。

4.常用句型：as is often the case, as is the case of sb, as is well known, as we all know,as is reported, as is mentioned above, as it happened5.比较：It is reported thatIt is well known thatIt so happened that五、such…that和such…as…Jack is such a clever boy as we all like.Jack is such a clever boy that we all like him.六、先行词是the way, 在从句中做状语，用in which/ that/或省略引导词在从句中做主、宾语，用which/ that 引导定语从句Please show me the way (in which/that) you did the experiment.I can’t remember clearly the way he told me.七、表示所属关系的定语从句，用whose 引导，或替换为the 名词of which(先行词指物)，the 名词of whom(先行词指人)That man over there is Mr. Green, whose daughter is working in our school.= That man over there is Mr. Green, the daughter of whom is working in our school.He works in a department whose head is a young woman.= He works in a department the head of which is a young woman.八、the case/point/situation/stage后的定语从句，做状语，用where引导，做主语、宾语，用which/ that引导After she graduated from school, she has got into a point where she has to find a job.occasion做状语，用when/on which九、判定从句类别They decided to build a new school in a place which is near the lake.They decided to build a new school in a place where the transport is very convenient.They decided to build a new school where the environment is verygood.They decided to build a new school in what used to be an oldfactory.十、定语从句+强调句It was on the farm where they used to work together that they fell in love with each other.It is 8:00 __we begin our class every morning.It is at 8:00 ___ we begin our class every morning.十一、定语从句和同位语从句同位语从句阐述先行词的内容，只用that引导They were glad to hear the news that a new school will be built to hold more students.(同位语从句)They were discussing the plan which/that they made last week.（定语从句）。

十二、定语从句中主谓语一致He was one of the teachers who were invited to the party.He was the only one of the teachers who was invited to the party.十三、定语从句和并列句、单句I saw some trees, and the leaves of them were black with disease.-----I saw some trees, the leaves of which were black with disease.2. The professor is an ordinary-looking little man,on the nose of whom there is a pair of glasses.3.The World Trade Organization (WTO) finally opened its door to China on November 10,ending a 15-year wait.十四、定语从句中的时态This is the most exciting football match that I have ever seen.It is the third time that you have been late this week.十五、The reason why/that he didn’t attend the meeting was that his mother wasseriously ill.十六、Is this factory the one （which/that）we saw in the picture.定语从句没有先行词特指/唯一对象时用the one,泛指用one。

Leifeng is a very kind person, one who is always ready to help others.Ask the boy to come to my office , the one who broke the window.Is this the factory(which/that)we saw in the picture.定语从句省略关系代词。

十七、He /one/anyone /those who/that…=whoever…He who doesn’t reach the Great Wall is not a true man.Whoever cuts down a young tree must plant a new one.Those who从句中谓语用复数。

十八、介词加关系代词引导定语从句1.代替when/where/why。

2.从句中的谓语是不及物动词，需要加介词才可以接宾语。

Do you know the man with whom Mr. Li is talking?3.先行词和从句中的介词形成介宾结构。