English Examination for Master Students（2010年6月26日9：00—11：00 AM）Part one：Listening comprehension（15%）Section A：Compound Dictation (10points)In this part, you will hear a passage three times. Listen carefully and fill in the missing words. For the first time, listen carefully and try your best to understand. For the second time, write down what you hear on the tape. For the third time, check your answer. (10 points)President Bush says this second trip to the continent is meant to demonstrate America's commitment to improving the lives and (1) ______ of Africans."I am here to really confirm to the people of Benin and the people on the continent of Africa that the United States (2) _____ helping improve peoples' lives," he said.The Bush administration is (3) ______ primary education and family health projects in Benin including a program to provide anti-malarial bed nets to every family.President Yayi says his country's cotton-based economy is also helped by lower (4) _____ under the U.S. African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA)."My country is also benefiting from the president's Millennium Challenge Account initiative as well as the AGOA whose (5) _______ is to create the conditions favorable to economic growth in a (6) _______ manner in order to reduce poverty and build an emerging nation," he said.President Yayi, who is the former director of the West African Development Bank, says he and President Bush discussed diversifying Benin's economy away from its dependence on cotton, which (7) ______ 40 percent of Gross Domestic Product and roughly 80 percent of official exports.One-third of Benin's nearly seven million people live in poverty. Building on reforms which began in the 1990's, Benin signed a $307-million (8) _____ with the U.S. Millennium Challenge Account in 2006.Those funds are meant to improve property rights by reducing the time and cost of obtaining a land title. The program also intends to (9) _____ access to financial services, train more members of the judicial system, and boost imports and exports through the port of Cotonou.U.S. officials say the compact is expected to (10) _____ nearly a 250,000 Beninois out of poverty by 2015.After Benin, President Bush spends two days in Tanzania before visiting Rwanda, Ghana, and Liberia.Scott Stearns，VOA News, Dar es Salaam.Section B：Note taking (5 points)In this part, you will hear a passage twice. After the first time, there will be a pause of 30 seconds. Please try your best to write down the main idea and 4 details of the passage. Then listen again and check your answer.____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________Part Two：Reading comprehension（20%）In this part, you will read two passages. The first passage is followed by 5 questions. You are required to choose the best answer to each question according to the passage. For the second passage, you are required to answer each question with no more than 12 words.Passage oneIf we look at education in our own society，we see two sharply different factors. First of all，there is the overwhelming majority of teachers，principals，curriculum planners，school superintendents，who are devoted to passing on the knowledge that children need in order to live in our industrialized society. Their chief concern is with efficiency，that is，with implanting the greatest number of facts into the greatest possible number of children，with a minimum of time，expense，and effort.Classroom learning often has as its unspoken goal the reward of pleasing the teacher. Children in the usual classroom learn very quickly that creativity is punished，while repeating a memorized response is rewarded，and concentrate on what the teacher wants them to say，rather than understanding the problem.The difference between the intrinsic and the extrinsic aspects of a college education is illustrated by the following story about Upton Sinclair. When Sinclair was a young man，he found that he was unable to raise the tuition money needed to attend college. Upon careful reading of the college catalogue，however，he found that if a student failed a course，he received no credit for the course，but was obliged to take another course in its place. The college did not charge the student for the second course，reasoning that he had already paid once for his credit. Sinclair took advantage of this policy and not a free education by deliberately failing all his courses.In the ideal college，there would be no credits，no degrees，and no required courses. A person would learn what he wanted to learn. A friend and I attempted to put this ideal into action by starting a serials of seminars at Brandeis called “Freshman Seminars Introduction to the Intellectual Life.” In the ideal college，intrinsic education would be available to anyone who wanted it—since anyone can improve and learn. The student body might include creative，intelligent children as well as adults；morons as well as geniuses （for even morons can learn emotionally and spiritually）。