与现在事实相反
3. If I had taken your advice, I wouldn’t have made a mistake. 4. If he had been there, it wouldn’t have happened.
与过去事实相反
5. If it should rain tomorrow, they wouldn’t go for an outing. 6. I think we could do it, if we planned it properly and could borrow the tools. 7. If we were to have three days off , we would enjoy a very happy life.
8）It’s necessary /strange/ natural/ important + that --- 从句中的动词要用虚拟，即 (should)+动词原形
1.It is important that we ( should ) master a foreign language. 2. It is strange that she refuse to come to the party. 3. It’s necessary that we should study hard.
经典题目
D what to do 1. If you _____ him yesterday, you _____ now. A.asked … would know B.had asked … would have known C. asked him … know D. had asked … would know C 2. What would have happened, _____ as far as the river
+ do sth
did / were 将来 should do were to do
would should + do sth could Might
1. If I had HIV, I would know because I would feel sick.
2. If I were you, I would give AIDS patient a hug.
3） as if /though + 从句
现在： 过去时 过去：过去完成时
• She loves the baby as if it were her own son. • It seems as if it were spring. • I remember the whole thing as if it had happened yesterday. • They talked as if they had been friends for years. • He looks as if he were drunk.
6）If only …(要是…就好了) If only I knew his name! If only we had followed your advice! If only I could see him again! • 要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。 • 要是我没错过火车就好了！ If only our parents could live with us! If only I hadn’t missed the train!
5）without和but for 构成虚拟。(but for要不是)
• Without sunlight, people’s life would be different from today.
• But for your help, I wouldn’t have finished the work. •But for water, it would be impossible to live in the desert.
4、几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法；
1）wish + 宾语从句
现在： 过去时 (did/were) 过去： 过去完成时 (had done) 未来：would/could/might+V.
should
• I wish I were a bird. (现在)
• I wish I hadn’t made such a mistake. (过去)
3. 名词性从句的虚拟语气。 主要是表示命令、要求、建议的虚拟语气。 1.宾语从句。常见动词： 一个坚持：insist 两个命令：order, command 三个建议：advise, suggest, propose 五个要求：demand , require, request, desire ask 这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气 用法。即从句中的动词 使用should + 动词原 形，或者将should省略。
• We wish our parents wouldn’t punish us.
(未来)
现在：过去时
2）would rather that -
过去： 过去完成时
未来： 过去时 • I would rather you paid me now. (现在) • I would rather you had gone, too. (过去) • Don’t come. I would rather you came tomorrow. (未来)
• 我们建议Tom去休息一下。 • 他坚决要求我到场。 • 国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。 • 他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。 We suggested that Tom (should) have a rest.
He insisted that I (should) be present. The king ordered that the prisoners (should) be killed the next day. They requested that we (should) send them to work there.
2、条件句中虚拟语气的倒装；
假设条件虚拟倒装。 条件从句中含有 should，were， had 三个助动词并且放在句首时， 可以把if省略。 If I were you, I would give it up. Were I you, I would give it up. If I had had time, I would have run round that lake again. Had I had time, I would have run round that lake again. If there should be a flood, what should we do? Shoul there be a flood, what should we do?
bank?
A. Bob had walked farther B. if Bob should walk farther
C. had Bob walked farther D. if Bob walked farther
3. How I wish every family _____ B a large house with a beautiful garden! (02 上海) A. has B. had C. will have D. had had 4. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it C looks as if it ____. (95 N) A. breaks BБайду номын сангаас has broken C. were broken D. had been broken
一、虚拟语气定义
1.英语动词有三种语气， 陈述语气， 祈使语气和虚拟语气. 2. 定义：用来表示说的话不是事实， 或者是不可能发生或可能性比较小的 情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的 语气叫虚拟语气。
二、虚拟语气的考点
1、一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法；
2、条件句中虚拟语气的倒装；
3、名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法；
2、以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句（包
括主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句）也要使用 虚拟语气。从句中的动词形式一样。 order, advice, suggestion, proposal, demand, request, desire
• It’s suggested that the plan be carried out. • My demand is that she should come to see me once a week. • All of us are for the advice that the chemical factory should be closed down.
与未来事实相反
1.If I were you, I ____ C buy the house right now. A. won’t B. don’t C. wouldn’t D. can’t 2. _____more careful, his ship would not have B sunk. A. If the captain were B. If the captain had been C. Should the captain be D. If the captain would have been 3. If he A ____ me tomorrow, I would let himknow A. should call B. should not have been able C. were not able D. are not able