大学英语第四册期末复习材料Unit 1ClozeThere are many paths to greatness. Some people go down in history for their 1)_influential___ political leadership. Others are remembered for spectacular scientific 2)_breakthroughs___ for composing great symphonies, or writing 3)__brilliant__ poetry. But whatever path they take, great people seem to 4)__share__ a few common characteristics. They are relentlessly 5)_optimistic___ and persistent; they have both intellectual skills and the ability to work well with other people; and they love their work. In fact, 6)__for__ these people, work is more like an obsession than a job.Of course, many of the questions about greatness 7)_remain___ unanswered. What roles so genetics and environment 8)_play___ in the question?How can we know who among our 9) contemporaries will be remembered as great and which people, though famous today, will be 10)__forgotten__ in the future? It’s also possible that our 11)__view__ of who is great is not always fair or accurate. For example, the 12)_achievenment___ of women are not recognized as often as they should be.Finally, we can’t even be 13)_sure___ if it is really good to be great. Maybe the happiest people are the normal ones. Normal people aren’t endowed 14)___with_ what it takes to be great, but they also don’t have to worry 15)_about___ the burdens of history.汉译英If great achievers share anything, said Simonton, it is an relenting drive to succeed. 西蒙顿说，如果事业上取得巨大成就者具有什么共性的话，那就是一种持续不断追求成功的动力“There is an tendency to think that they are endow ed with something super-normal,”人们往往认为他们具备一些超常非凡的东西he explained. “But what comes out of the research is that there are great people who have no amazing intellectual processes.It’s a difference in degree.但研究表明，有的伟人并没有惊人的智力。
有的只是程度上的差异而已Greatness is bui lt upon tremendous amounts of study, practice and devotion.”伟大是建立在大量的学习、实践和献身精神的基础之上的。
He cited Winston Churchill, Britain’s prime minister during World War II, as an example of a risk-taker who would never give up. 他举出二战时期的首相温斯顿·邱吉尔作为一个永不放弃的冒险者的典范。
Thrus t into his office when his country’s moral was at its lowest, Churchill rose brilliantly to lead the British people. 邱吉尔在全国上下士气最为低落的时候被推上台，并出色的领导了英国人民。
In a speech following the Allied evacuation at Dunkirk in 1940, he inspired to nation when he said, “We should not flag or fail. We shall go on to the end… We shall never surrender.”我们不会衰退，失败。
我们将坚持到底……我们永远不会屈服。
1.美国人往往以从事的工作来对人们进行划分。
家庭和教育背景这些特点被认为是不太重要的。
Americans tend to define people by the jobs they have/do. Such characteristics as their family and educational backgrounds are considered less important.2.他决不妥协的个性是他再也无法容忍它的雇主，并最终递交了辞职书的原因。
His uncompromising personality explains why he could no longer put up with his employer and eventually submitted his resignation.3. 如果你真想学好英语，你就必须投入大量的时间和精力，否则你就不会有任何进步。
对于其他课程也可以这么说。
If you really want to learn English well, you must put in a lot of time and energy, or you’ll gonowhere. The same can be said of other subjects.4.有些演员的名声靠的是他们天生的美貌，但是达斯汀ㆍ霍夫曼（Dustin Hoffman）尽管身材矮小（short stature）, 还是出类拔萃，而使他与众不同的正是他精湛的演技。
Some actors’ fame is built on their innate beauty, but despite his short stature, Dustin Hoffman rose above and it is his excellent acting that sets him apart.5. 他负责管理之后，我们发现他与前任（predecessor）有明显的不同：他有干劲和激情，想出了很多新点子，并把工作重点放在如何鼓舞我们的士气上。
After he took charge, we discovered that there were striking differences between him and his predecessor. He had the drive and passion, came up with many new ideas, and focused his work on how to raise our morale.6.当邓小平宣布中国改革开放政策的时候，他被永远载入史册。
尽管障碍重重，他以不懈的努力为我国的现代化作出了永久性的贡献。
Deng Xiaoping made history when he declared China’s reform and opening-up policy. Despite tremendous obstacles, he made lasting contributions to our country’s modernization with his unrelenting efforts.7. 为什么有人拥有天才级智商却被智商平平但很刻苦的人丢在后面？承认除了智商外，还有很多别的因素与一个认得成就有着很大的关系。
Why could someone with a genius IQ be left behind by a hardworking person with an average IQ? It has to be acknowledged that besides one’s IQ, many other factors have much to do with one’s achievements.8. 这位教师真了不起，她能在教东西之前调动学生的积极性。
这并不是因为她有天赋，而是因为她只想着在课堂上吸引他们的注意力。
This teacher is really remarkable in motivating her students before she can teach them something. It’s not that she is talented, it’s that she is obsessed with drawing their attention in class.Unit 2clozeGratitude is defined as the art of showing ___1_appreciation_ for every kindness, great and small. Usually, ___2_expressing__ gratitude costs very little, but its rewards can be great. When gratitude is owed but not given, however, as when we ___3_fail__ to recognize a generous act on someone else’s___4_part_, this denial can lead to sore feelings, and even resentment. Sometimes, truly deep gratitude calls for personal sacrifice. One ___5_example__ is a mother of world war II soldier who traveled from her home ___6_in__ the U. S. to visit the French family who had ___7sheltered___ her son from Nazis. She was driven to ___8do___ this unselfish generosity which this family had shown her son. But gratitude can ___9also___ be shown by very simple acts. We can start ___10_by__ making sure that, in one way or another, we thank the family members and ___11_coworkers__ who help us every day.In sum, the ___12key___ to gratitude is thoughtfulness, or ___13_taking__ pains to consider the feeling of others as well as out own. Being generous and __14unselfish___ with our affection and sentiments is one thing we all can do to make the world a more pleasant place. For all of these ___15_reasons__ gratitude is something of which none of us can give too much.英译汉Some person refrain from expressing their gratitude because they feel it will not be welcome. A patient of mine, a few weeks after his discharge from the hospital, came back to thank his nurse. “I don’t come sooner,” he explained, “because I imagined you must be bored to death with peoplethanking you.”一些人不愿表达感激之情，因为他们觉得这不会受欢迎。